Introduction
A unifying model for cancer immune responsiveness
System biology in melanoma session
The obesity paradox of melanoma
Integrating tumour and host factors as coordinated biomarkers for immunotherapy
Rational combination immunotherapy based on gene expression profiling
Biomarker session
Biomarkers for checkpoint inhibition in melanoma: current knowledge and future directions
FOLFIRINOX, immune response and clinical course of the disease in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Towards precision immunotherapy of solid tumours: an HLA-agnostic functional neoantigen discovery platform
Valuable biomarkers to direct therapy: are we any closer?
Basis | Challenges | |
---|---|---|
PD-L1 | IHC approach to measuring PD-L1 expression on tumour and immune cells | Variability in assays, antibodies and tumour microenvironment |
CD8+ T cells | PD-1/PD-L1 expression on CD8+ T cells predicts response to PD-1 agents | Optimal cut-off points, scoring metrics and agreement on magnitude of change needed for meaningful prediction of response |
Tumour mutation load | High mutation load resulting from various factors correlated with response to checkpoint inhibitors in exceptional responders | Availability of adequate tissue for sequencing; whole exome sequencing expensive and slow turnaround time vs. other clinical assays |
Neoantigen burden | Predict clinical benefit to ipilimumab and PD-1 blockade in melanoma and lung cancer | As above |
Gene expression profiling | IFN-induced signatures may predict response to checkpoint inhibitors | Sizable tissue collection needed to validate testing and training sets |
How to establish precision medicine in metastatic melanoma
Combination strategy session
How much better are anti-CTLA-4 plus anti-PD-1 combinations than anti-PD-1 alone
Combining oncolytic therapy with checkpoint inhibitors
Combining electrochemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors
Adjuvant therapy of melanoma
Study | No. of patients | TNM stage | Therapy | Primary endpoint |
---|---|---|---|---|
US Intergroup E1609 | 1600 | III (IIIB–c), IV (M1a, M1b) | Ipilimumab 3 mg/kg or 10 g/kg vs HD-IFN | RFS, OS |
COMBI-AD | 852 | III (BRAF V600E/K) | Dabrafenib + trametinib vs. placebo | RFS |
BRIM-8 | 725 | IIC, III (BRAF V600; Cobas) | Vemurafenib vs. placebo | DFS |
EORTC-1325/KEYNOTE-054 | 900 | IIA (> 1 mm met), IIIb–C | Pembrolizumab vs. placebo | RFS, RFS in PDL1+ |
CheckMate-238 | 800 | IIIB–C, IV | Nivolumab vs. ipilimumab 10 g/kg | RFS |
US Intergroup S1404 | 1240 | IIIA (N2), IIIB–C, M | Pembrolizumab vs. HD-IFN or ipilimumab 10 mg/kg | RFS, OS |
C heckMate-915 | 1125 | IIIB–D, IV | Ipilimumab + nivolumab vs ipilimumab or nivolumab | RFS |