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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 11/2011

01.11.2011 | Übersichten

Pharmakologische Strategien zur Unterstützung einer Raucherentwöhnung

verfasst von: PD Dr. N. Vasic, R.C. Wolf, N. Wolf, B.J. Connemann, Z. Sosic-Vasic

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 11/2011

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Zusammenfassung

In Deutschland rauchen nach wie vor etwa 35% der Männer und etwa 25% der Frauen. Ein eigenständiger Versuch, mit dem Rauchen aufzuhören und nach einem Jahr abstinent zu bleiben, gelingt in weniger als 5% der Fälle. Mithilfe einer individuellen Beratung und verhaltenstherapeutischer Techniken kann diese Zahl verdoppelt werden, während durch den Einsatz von Psychopharmaka zur Unterstützung der Nikotinentwöhnung die Abstinenzquote bis zu 25% gesteigert wird. Neben den bereits bewährten Präparaten der Nikotinersatztherapie (transdermale Pflaster, Kaugummis, Lutschtabletten, Sublingualtabletten, Nasalsprays, Inhalatoren) und dem Bupropion etabliert sich zunehmend Vareniclin auf dem Markt. Vareniclin ist ein ausschließlich zur Nikotinentwöhnung entwickelter Nikotinrezeptorpartialagonist, der gemäß aktueller Evidenz die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Abstinenz nach einem Jahr mehr als verdoppelt und auch dem Bupropion und der Nikotinersatztherapie überlegen ist. Eine vergleichbare Wirksamkeit mit jedoch besserer rückfallprophylaktischer Wirkung zeigen in den ersten Studien bestimmte Nikotinimpfstoffe, deren Entwicklung seit einigen Jahren betrieben wird. Die ersten Präparate werden voraussichtlich in den nächsten ein bis 2 Jahren zugelassen und vermarktet werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Pharmakologische Strategien zur Unterstützung einer Raucherentwöhnung
verfasst von
PD Dr. N. Vasic
R.C. Wolf
N. Wolf
B.J. Connemann
Z. Sosic-Vasic
Publikationsdatum
01.11.2011
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 11/2011
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-010-3203-5

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