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09.01.2018 | Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Review

Phenotyping the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea using polygraphy/polysomnography: a review of the literature

verfasst von: Marcello Bosi, Andrea De Vito, Bhik Kotecha, Luca Viglietta, Alberto Braghiroli, Joerg Steier, Martino Pengo, Giovanni Sorrenti, Riccardo Gobbi, Claudio Vicini, Venerino Poletti

Erschienen in: Sleep and Breathing | Ausgabe 3/2018

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Abstract

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-line treatment for the majority of patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA). However, long-term compliance with CPAP therapy may result limited and alternatives to CPAP therapy are required to address the increasing need to provide tailored therapeutic options. Understanding the pathophysiological traits (PTs) of OSA patients [upper airway (UA) anatomical collapsibility, loop gain (LG), arousal threshold (AT), and UA gain (UAG)] lies at the heart of the customized OSA treatment. However, sleep research laboratories capable to phenotype OSA patients are sparse and the diagnostic procedures time-consuming, costly, and requiring significant expertise. The question arises whether the use of routine clinical polysomnography or nocturnal portable multi-channel monitoring (PSG/PM) can provide sufficient information to characterize the above traits. The aim of the present review is to deduce if the information obtainable from the clinical PSG/PM analysis, independently of the scope and context of the original studies, is clinically useful to define qualitatively the PTs of individual OSA patients. In summary, it is possible to identify four patterns using PSG/PM that are consistent with an altered UA collapsibility, three that are consistent with altered LG, two with altered AT, and three consistent with flow limitation/UA muscle response. Furthermore, some PSG/PM indexes and patterns, useful for the suitable management of OSA patient, have been discussed. The delivery of this clinical approach to phenotype pathophysiological traits will allow patients to benefit in a wider range of sleep services by facilitating tailored therapeutic options.

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Titel: Phenotyping the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea using polygraphy/polysomnography: a review of the literature
verfasst von: Marcello Bosi
Andrea De Vito
Bhik Kotecha
Luca Viglietta
Alberto Braghiroli
Joerg Steier
Martino Pengo
Giovanni Sorrenti
Riccardo Gobbi
Claudio Vicini
Venerino Poletti
Publikationsdatum: 09.01.2018
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Sleep and Breathing / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 1520-9512
Elektronische ISSN: 1522-1709
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-017-1613-3

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Phenotyping the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea using polygraphy/polysomnography: a review of the literature

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