Background
Patients and methods
Study design
Mutational analysis
Tissue microarray
Immunohistochemistry and scoring
Statistical analysis
Results
Characteristic | Phenotype− (N = 80) | Phenotype+ (n = 12) | p value |
---|---|---|---|
Female | 33 (41 %) | 8 (66 %) | 0.13 |
Mean age (SD) | 60.7 (18.8) | 65.1 (12.3) | 0.20 |
Metastatic status | 0.8 | ||
1 site | 61 (76 %) | 10 (83 %) | |
>1 site | 19 (24 %) | 2 (17 %) | |
Primary site | 0.4 | ||
Stomach | 30 (37) | 5 (42) | |
Small bowel | 33 (41) | 2 (16) | |
Other | 17 (22) | 5 (42) | |
KIT/PDGFR status |
0.006
| ||
KIT mutation | 64 (79 %) | 7 (58 %) | |
PDGFR | 2 (3 %) | 3 (25 %) | |
WT | 14 (18 %) | 2 (17 %) | |
ECOG PS | 0.79 | ||
0–1 | 72 (90 %) | 11 (92 %) | |
2 | 8 (10 %) | 1 (8 %) | |
Liver metastasis | 48 (60 %) | 7 (58 %) | 0.91 |
Surgery of primary | 74 (92 %) | 11 (92 %) | 0.91 |
Disease free interval | |||
<24 months | 20 (25 %) | 4 (33 %) | 0.5 |
>24 months | 60 (75 %) | 8 (67 %) | |
Mean LDH (SD) | 332.1 (160.8) | 482.4 (429.8) | 0.39 |
Mean leucocytes (SD) | 7.1 (3) | 8.1 (5.1) | 0.56 |
Mean albumin (SD) | 40.9 (7.1) | 39.6 (6.1) | 0.62 |
Univariate (PFS) | Univariate (OS) | Multivariate (PFS) | Multivariate (OS) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95 % CI) | p value | HR (95 % CI) | p value | HR (95 % CI) | p value | HR (95 % CI) | p value | |
Group | ||||||||
MMP3 and pIGF1R− | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
MMP3 or pIGF1R+ | 1.39 (0.71–2.72) | 0.34 | 1.10 (0.52–2.17) | 0.95 | 1.53 (0.76–3.06) | 0.23 | 1.67 (0.77–3.65) | 0.20 |
Albumin >median | 0.73 (0.44–1.23) | 0.24 | 0.82 (0.47–1.44) | 0.49 | ||||
Leucocytes >median | 1.16 (0.73–1.85) | 0.53 | 1.50 (0.90–2.49) | 0.12 | ||||
LDH >median | 1.36 (0.84–2.21) | 0.21 | 1.50 (0.89–2.55) | 0.13 | ||||
Age | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.33 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.51 | ||||
Kit mutation | ||||||||
Exon 11/13 | 0.46 (0.28–0.76) | 0.021 | 0.71 (0.41–1.21) | 0.21 | 0.57 (0.33–0.97) |
0.037
| ||
Other | Reference | Reference | ||||||
ECOG | ||||||||
PS 0 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
PS 1 | 1.13 (0.67–1.8) | 0.65 | 1.17 (0.66–2.07) | 0.59 | 1.74 (0.99–3.07) |
0.055
| 2.00 (1.08–3.67) |
0.026
|
PS > 1 | 1.64 (0.73–3.68) | 0.23 | 2.05 (0.88–4.76) | 0.095 | 4.45 (1.85–10.76) |
0.0009
| 5.25 (2.08–13.26) |
0.0005
|
Female | 1.02 (0.64–1.63) | 0.92 | 1.01 (0.61–1.67) | 0.96 | ||||
Primary site | ||||||||
Stomach | 1.61 (1.00–2.59) |
0.050
| 1.36 (0.82–2.27) | 0.24 | ||||
Others | Reference | Reference | ||||||
Extension of disease | Ta | |||||||
1 metastatic organ | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||||
2 or more metastatic organs | 2.59 (1.52–4.42) |
0.0005
| 2.56 (1.46–4.52) |
0.0011
| 1.84 (1.03–3.27) |
0.039
| 1.93 (1.03–3.62) |
0.041
|
Surgery primary tumor | ||||||||
Yes | Reference | Reference | ||||||
No | 1.19 (0.51–2.75) | 0.75 (0.27–2.08) | 0.59 | 0.26 (0.09–0.76) |
0.014
| |||
Disease-free interval | 0.69 | |||||||
<24 months | 13.4 (6.93–25.77) |
<0.0001
| 6.61 (3.72–11.79) |
<0.0001
| 18.87 (8.54–41.73) |
<0.0001
| 16.73 (7.97–35.13) |
<0.0001
|
≥24 months | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |