Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Clinical Neuroradiology 4/2017

30.04.2016 | Original Article

Pilot study of brain morphometry in a sample of Brazilian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: influence of clinical presentation

verfasst von: Giuseppe Pastura, Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo, Emerson Leandro Gasparetto, Otavio Figueiredo, Paulo Mattos, Alexandra Prüfer Araújo

Erschienen in: Clinical Neuroradiology | Ausgabe 4/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

Currently, the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) rests on clinical criteria. Nonetheless, neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that children with ADHD have different cortical thickness and volume measures to typically developing children (TDC). In general, studies do not evaluate the influence of clinical presentation in the brain morphometry of ADHD children. Our objective was to perform a pilot study in order to evaluate cortical thickness and brain volume in a sample of Brazilian ADHD children and compare these to those of TDC, taking into account the influence of clinical presentation.

Methods

We performed an analytic study comparing 17 drug-naïve ADHD children of both genders, aged between 7 and 10, and 16 TDC. ADHD subjects were first considered as one group and further separated based on clinical presentation.

Results

The brain volume did not differ between patients and TDC. Smaller cortical thicknesses were identified on the left superior, medium and inferior temporal cortex, as well as in the left inferior parietal cortex. When compared to TDC, combined and inattentive ADHD presentations depicted smaller cortical thickness with high significance and power. The same magnitude of results was not observed when comparing inattentive ADHD and TDC.

Conclusions

In this pilot study, ADHD is associated with abnormalities involving the cortical thickness of the posterior attentional system. The cortical thickness in the left superior, medium and inferior temporal cortex, as well as in the left inferior parietal cortex may differ according to ADHD presentations.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013, (DSM-V).CrossRef American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2013, (DSM-V).CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Castellanos RX, Tannock R. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:617–28.CrossRefPubMed Castellanos RX, Tannock R. Neuroscience of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the search for endophenotypes. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:617–28.CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994, (DSM-IV). Association AP. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994, (DSM-IV).
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Bauermeister JJ, Matos M, Reina G, Salas CC, Martínez JV, Cumba E, Barkley RA. Comparison of the DSM-IV combined and inattentive types of ADHD in a school-based sample of Latino/Hispanic children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005;46:166–79.CrossRefPubMed Bauermeister JJ, Matos M, Reina G, Salas CC, Martínez JV, Cumba E, Barkley RA. Comparison of the DSM-IV combined and inattentive types of ADHD in a school-based sample of Latino/Hispanic children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2005;46:166–79.CrossRefPubMed
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Nikolas MA, Burt SA. Genetic and environmental influences on ADHD symptom dimensions of inattention and hyperactivity: a meta-analysis. J Abnorm Psychol. 2010;119:1–17.CrossRefPubMed Nikolas MA, Burt SA. Genetic and environmental influences on ADHD symptom dimensions of inattention and hyperactivity: a meta-analysis. J Abnorm Psychol. 2010;119:1–17.CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Durston S, Tottenham NT, Thomas KM, Davidson MC, Eigsti IM, Yang Y, Ulug AM, Casey BJ. Differential patterns of striatal activation in young children with and without ADHD. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;15:871–8.CrossRef Durston S, Tottenham NT, Thomas KM, Davidson MC, Eigsti IM, Yang Y, Ulug AM, Casey BJ. Differential patterns of striatal activation in young children with and without ADHD. Biol Psychiatry. 2003;15:871–8.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Schulz KP, Fan J, Tang CY, Newcorn JH, Buchsbaum MS, Cheung AM, Halperin JM. Response inhibition in adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder during childhood: an event-related fMRI study. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:1650–7.CrossRefPubMed Schulz KP, Fan J, Tang CY, Newcorn JH, Buchsbaum MS, Cheung AM, Halperin JM. Response inhibition in adolescents diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder during childhood: an event-related fMRI study. Am J Psychiatry. 2004;161:1650–7.CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoekzema E, Carmona S, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Richarte FV, Picado M, Bosch R, Soliva JC, Rovira M, Vives Y, Bulbena A, Tobeña A, Casas M, Vilarroya O. Laminar thickness alterations in the fronto-parietal cortical mantle of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. PLOS One. 2012;7:e48286.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Hoekzema E, Carmona S, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Richarte FV, Picado M, Bosch R, Soliva JC, Rovira M, Vives Y, Bulbena A, Tobeña A, Casas M, Vilarroya O. Laminar thickness alterations in the fronto-parietal cortical mantle of patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. PLOS One. 2012;7:e48286.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Lerch J, Pruessner JC, Zijdenbos A, Hampel H, Teipel SJ, Evans AC. Focal decline of cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s disease identified by computational neuroanatomy. Cereb Cortex. 2005;15:995–1001.CrossRefPubMed Lerch J, Pruessner JC, Zijdenbos A, Hampel H, Teipel SJ, Evans AC. Focal decline of cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s disease identified by computational neuroanatomy. Cereb Cortex. 2005;15:995–1001.CrossRefPubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw P, Greenstein D, Lerch J, Clasen L, Lenroot R, Gotgay N, Evans A, Rapoport J, Giedd J. Intellectual ability and cortical development in children and adolescents. Nature. 2006;440:676–9.CrossRefPubMed Shaw P, Greenstein D, Lerch J, Clasen L, Lenroot R, Gotgay N, Evans A, Rapoport J, Giedd J. Intellectual ability and cortical development in children and adolescents. Nature. 2006;440:676–9.CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Makris N, Biederman J, Valera EM, Bush G, KaiserJ, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Cortical thinning of the attention and executive function networks in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Cereb Cortex. 2007;17:1364–75.CrossRefPubMed Makris N, Biederman J, Valera EM, Bush G, KaiserJ, Kennedy DN, Caviness VS, Faraone SV, Seidman LJ. Cortical thinning of the attention and executive function networks in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Cereb Cortex. 2007;17:1364–75.CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw P, Eckstrand K, Sharp W, Blumenthal J, Lerch JP, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Evans A, Giedd J, Rapopport JL. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:19649–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Shaw P, Eckstrand K, Sharp W, Blumenthal J, Lerch JP, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Evans A, Giedd J, Rapopport JL. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2007;104:19649–54.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaw P, Malek M, Watson B, Sharp W, Evans A, Greenstein D. Development of cortical surface area and gyrification in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72:191–7.CrossRefPubMed Shaw P, Malek M, Watson B, Sharp W, Evans A, Greenstein D. Development of cortical surface area and gyrification in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2012;72:191–7.CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Castellanos FX, Lee PP, Sharp W, Jeffries NO, Greenstein DK, Clasen LS, Blumenthal JD, James RS, Ebens CL, Walter JM, Zijdenbos A, Evans AC, Giedd JN, Rapoport JL. Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA. 2002;288:1740–8.CrossRefPubMed Castellanos FX, Lee PP, Sharp W, Jeffries NO, Greenstein DK, Clasen LS, Blumenthal JD, James RS, Ebens CL, Walter JM, Zijdenbos A, Evans AC, Giedd JN, Rapoport JL. Developmental trajectories of brain volume abnormalities in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. JAMA. 2002;288:1740–8.CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Swanson JM. School-based assessment and interventions for ADD students. Irvine, CA: KC Publishing; 1992. Swanson JM. School-based assessment and interventions for ADD students. Irvine, CA: KC Publishing; 1992.
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Swanson JM. SNAP-IV Scale. Irvine, CA: University of California Child Development Center; 1995. Swanson JM. SNAP-IV Scale. Irvine, CA: University of California Child Development Center; 1995.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Swanson JM, Lerner MA, Gresham MJFM. Assessment and intervention for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the schools: lessons from the MTA study. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999;46:993–1009.CrossRefPubMed Swanson JM, Lerner MA, Gresham MJFM. Assessment and intervention for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in the schools: lessons from the MTA study. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999;46:993–1009.CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Swanson JM, Kraemer HC, Hinshaw SP, Arnold LE, Conners CK, Abikoff HB, Clevenger W, Davies M, Elliott GR, Greenhill LL, Hechtman L, Hoza B, Jensen PS, March JS, Newcorn JH, Owens EB, Pelham WE, Schiller E, Severe JB, Simpson S, Vitiello B, Wells K, Wigal T, Wu M. Clinical relevance of the primary findings of the MTA: success rates based on severity of ADHD and ODD symptoms at the end of treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:168–79.CrossRefPubMed Swanson JM, Kraemer HC, Hinshaw SP, Arnold LE, Conners CK, Abikoff HB, Clevenger W, Davies M, Elliott GR, Greenhill LL, Hechtman L, Hoza B, Jensen PS, March JS, Newcorn JH, Owens EB, Pelham WE, Schiller E, Severe JB, Simpson S, Vitiello B, Wells K, Wigal T, Wu M. Clinical relevance of the primary findings of the MTA: success rates based on severity of ADHD and ODD symptoms at the end of treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:168–79.CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Chambers WJ, Puig-Antich J, Hirsch M, Paez P, Ambrosini PJ, Tabrizi MA, Davies M. The assessment of affective disorders in children and adolescents by semi-structured interview: test-retest reliability of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children, present episode version. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42:696–702.CrossRefPubMed Chambers WJ, Puig-Antich J, Hirsch M, Paez P, Ambrosini PJ, Tabrizi MA, Davies M. The assessment of affective disorders in children and adolescents by semi-structured interview: test-retest reliability of the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age children, present episode version. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1985;42:696–702.CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Brasil HH, Bordin IA. Convergent validity of K‑SADS-PL by comparison with CBCL in a Portuguese speaking outpatient population. BMC Psychiatry. 2010;10:83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Brasil HH, Bordin IA. Convergent validity of K‑SADS-PL by comparison with CBCL in a Portuguese speaking outpatient population. BMC Psychiatry. 2010;10:83.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wechsler D. WISC-III/Manual. New York: The Psychological Corporation; 1991. Wechsler D. WISC-III/Manual. New York: The Psychological Corporation; 1991.
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Dale AM, Fischl B, Sereno MI. Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction. Neuroimage. 1999;9:179–94.CrossRefPubMed Dale AM, Fischl B, Sereno MI. Cortical surface-based analysis. I. Segmentation and surface reconstruction. Neuroimage. 1999;9:179–94.CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischl B, Sereno MI, Dale AM. Cortical surface-based analysis. II: inflation, flattening, and a surfacebased coordinate system. Neuroimage. 1999;9:195–207.CrossRefPubMed Fischl B, Sereno MI, Dale AM. Cortical surface-based analysis. II: inflation, flattening, and a surfacebased coordinate system. Neuroimage. 1999;9:195–207.CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischl B, Salat DH, Busa E, Albert M, Dieterich M, Haselgrove C, Kouwe A van der, Killiany R, Kennedy D, Klaveness S, Montillo A, Makris N, Rosen B, Dale AM. Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron. 2002;33:341–55.CrossRefPubMed Fischl B, Salat DH, Busa E, Albert M, Dieterich M, Haselgrove C, Kouwe A van der, Killiany R, Kennedy D, Klaveness S, Montillo A, Makris N, Rosen B, Dale AM. Whole brain segmentation: automated labeling of neuroanatomical structures in the human brain. Neuron. 2002;33:341–55.CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Desikan RS, Ségonne F, Fischl B, Quinn BT, Dickerson BC, Blacker D, Buckner RL, Dale AM, Maguire RP, Hyman BT, Albert MS, Killiany RJ. An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. Neuroimage. 2006;31:968–80.CrossRefPubMed Desikan RS, Ségonne F, Fischl B, Quinn BT, Dickerson BC, Blacker D, Buckner RL, Dale AM, Maguire RP, Hyman BT, Albert MS, Killiany RJ. An automated labeling system for subdividing the human cerebral cortex on MRI scans into gyral based regions of interest. Neuroimage. 2006;31:968–80.CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosas HD, Liu AK, Hersch S, Glessner M, Ferrante RJ, Salat DH, Kouwe A van der, Jenkins BG, Dale AM, Fischl B. Regional and progressive thinning of the cortical ribbon in Huntington’s disease. Neurology. 2002;58:695–701.CrossRefPubMed Rosas HD, Liu AK, Hersch S, Glessner M, Ferrante RJ, Salat DH, Kouwe A van der, Jenkins BG, Dale AM, Fischl B. Regional and progressive thinning of the cortical ribbon in Huntington’s disease. Neurology. 2002;58:695–701.CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuperberg GR, Broome MR, McGuire PK, David AS, Eddy M, Ozawa F, Goff D, West WC, Williams SC, Kouwe AJ van der, Salat DH, Dale AM, Fischl B. Regionally localized thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:878–88.CrossRefPubMed Kuperberg GR, Broome MR, McGuire PK, David AS, Eddy M, Ozawa F, Goff D, West WC, Williams SC, Kouwe AJ van der, Salat DH, Dale AM, Fischl B. Regionally localized thinning of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003;60:878–88.CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Salat DH, Buckner RL, Snyder AZ, Greve DN, Desikan RS, Busa E, Morris JC, Dale AM, Fischl B. Thinning of the cerebral cortex in aging. Cereb Cortex. 2004;14:721–30.CrossRefPubMed Salat DH, Buckner RL, Snyder AZ, Greve DN, Desikan RS, Busa E, Morris JC, Dale AM, Fischl B. Thinning of the cerebral cortex in aging. Cereb Cortex. 2004;14:721–30.CrossRefPubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Siegel S, Castellan NJ Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences. New York. Humanities: McGraw-Hill; 1988. Siegel S, Castellan NJ Jr. Nonparametric Statistics for The Behavioral Sciences. New York. Humanities: McGraw-Hill; 1988.
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Triola MM, Triola MF. Biostatistics for the biological and health sciences. New Jersey: Pearson; 2005. Triola MM, Triola MF. Biostatistics for the biological and health sciences. New Jersey: Pearson; 2005.
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1988. Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences, 2nd ed. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum; 1988.
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Hedges LV, Olkin I. Statistical methods for meta-analysis. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1985. Hedges LV, Olkin I. Statistical methods for meta-analysis. San Diego, CA: Academic Press; 1985.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Mostofsky SH, Cooper KL, Kates WR, Denckla MB, Kaufmann WE. Smaller prefrontal and premotor volumes in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;52:785–94.CrossRefPubMed Mostofsky SH, Cooper KL, Kates WR, Denckla MB, Kaufmann WE. Smaller prefrontal and premotor volumes in boys with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;52:785–94.CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Corbetta M, Shulman GL. Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:201–15.CrossRefPubMed Corbetta M, Shulman GL. Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002;3:201–15.CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Arnsten AF. Toward a New Understanding of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Pathophysiolog. CNS Drugs. 2009;23(Suppl 1):33–41.CrossRefPubMed Arnsten AF. Toward a New Understanding of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Pathophysiolog. CNS Drugs. 2009;23(Suppl 1):33–41.CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Weissman DH, Roberts KC, Visscher KM, Woldorff MG. The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9:971–8.CrossRefPubMed Weissman DH, Roberts KC, Visscher KM, Woldorff MG. The neural bases of momentary lapses in attention. Nat Neurosci. 2006;9:971–8.CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Proal E, Reiss PT, Klein RG, Mannuzza S, Gotimer K, Ramos-Olazagasti MA, Lerch JP, He Y, Zijdenbos A, Kelly C, Milham MP, Castellanos FX. Brain gray matter deficits at 33-year follow-up in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder established in childhood. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68:1122–34.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Proal E, Reiss PT, Klein RG, Mannuzza S, Gotimer K, Ramos-Olazagasti MA, Lerch JP, He Y, Zijdenbos A, Kelly C, Milham MP, Castellanos FX. Brain gray matter deficits at 33-year follow-up in adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder established in childhood. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2011;68:1122–34.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Tannock R. Rethinking ADHD and LD in DSM-5: Proposed Changes in Diagnostic Criteria. J Learn Disabil. 2013;46:5–25.CrossRefPubMed Tannock R. Rethinking ADHD and LD in DSM-5: Proposed Changes in Diagnostic Criteria. J Learn Disabil. 2013;46:5–25.CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Pilot study of brain morphometry in a sample of Brazilian children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: influence of clinical presentation
verfasst von
Giuseppe Pastura
Tadeu Takao Almodovar Kubo
Emerson Leandro Gasparetto
Otavio Figueiredo
Paulo Mattos
Alexandra Prüfer Araújo
Publikationsdatum
30.04.2016
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Clinical Neuroradiology / Ausgabe 4/2017
Print ISSN: 1869-1439
Elektronische ISSN: 1869-1447
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00062-016-0512-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2017

Clinical Neuroradiology 4/2017 Zur Ausgabe

Update Radiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.