Background
Methods
Setting and trial design
Developing the program according to the IM method
Step one: Needs assessment
Determinants | Odds ratio | Changeabilitya
| Category | Target groupb
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic | ||||
Age >40 years | 2.65 | - | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Chronic illness | 3.37 | - | Not applicable | Not applicable |
Behavioural | ||||
Aware of personal risk for influenza infection | 2.80 | + | Knowledge | 2 |
Aware of risk of infecting patients | 2.54 | + | Knowledge | 2 |
‘Vaccination reduces risk of infecting patients’ | 3.68 | + | Knowledge | 2 |
‘Vaccination is useful despite the constant flow of visitors’ | 1.88 | + | Knowledge | 2 |
Aware of the contents of the Health Council’s Advice | 2.41 | + | Knowledge | 2 |
‘HCWsc should get vaccinated to ensure continuity of care’ | 2.15 | + | Common interest | 3 |
‘HCWs should get vaccinated because of their duty to do no harm’ | 2.22 | + | Common interest | 3 |
‘People around me think it is important for me to get vaccinated’ | 1.74 | +/- | Social impact | 3 |
‘I would definitively get vaccinated if it was available at a convenient time’ | 28.91 | + | Organizational | 1,2,3 |
Step two: Proximal program objectives
Determinants | Proximal program objectives | Methods/materials |
---|---|---|
Demographic
| ||
Age >40 years | Not applicable due to limited changeability | - Not applicable |
Chronic illness | Not applicable due to limited changeability | - Not applicable |
Behavioural
| ||
Aware of personal risk for influenza infection | Create awareness among HCWs of the risk to get infected with influenza and it’s consequences | - Provide information on influenza, transmission and risks through an information stand at the UMC restaurants, a website, a folder and plenary meetings |
- Polls and a quiz on the intranet | ||
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
Aware of risk of infecting patients | Create awareness among HCWs of the risk to transmit influenza to patients and how vaccinating HCWs can prevent this | - Provide information on influenza and the risk of transmission to patients through an information stand at the UMC restaurants, a website, a folder and plenary meetings |
- Polls and a quiz on the intranet | ||
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
‘Vaccination reduces risk of infecting patients’ | HCWs being convinced that vaccinating HCWs against influenza will reduce the risk of transmission to patients | - Provide information on influenza and the effectiveness of vaccination through an information stand at the UMC restaurants, a website, a folder and plenary meetings |
- Polls and a quiz on the intranet | ||
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
‘Vaccination is useful despite the constant flow of visitors’ | HCWs being convinced that vaccinating HCWs is useful despite the constant flow of visitors | - Provide information on influenza and the effectiveness of vaccination through an information stand at the UMC restaurants, a website, a folder and plenary meetings |
- Polls and a quiz on the intranet | ||
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
Aware of the contents of the Health Council’s Advice | Create awareness among HCWs on the existence and contents of the guideline developed by the Dutch Health Council | - Provide and explain contents of the advice on the intranet or website |
- Explain and discuss in a plenary meeting | ||
‘HCWs should get vaccinated to ensure continuity of care’ | HCWs understand the ethical aspects of this matter and the need to ensure continuity of care | - Explain and discuss ethical aspects (plenary meeting, website) |
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
- Involve Board of Directors (e.g. first vaccination, be present at vaccination, column) | ||
- Distribute badges to vaccinated HCWs saying ‘deliberately vaccinated for you’ to start the discussion | ||
‘HCWs should get vaccinated because of their duty to do no harm’ | HCWs understand the ethical aspects of vaccinating HCWs and that this is part of their duty of care | - Explain and discuss ethical aspects (plenary meeting, website) |
- Video testimonials with role models | ||
- Involve Board of Directors (e.g. first vaccination, be present at vaccination, column) | ||
- Distribute badges to vaccinated HCWs saying ‘deliberately vaccinated for you’ to start the discussion | ||
‘People around me think it is important for me to get vaccinated’ | Create awareness of the importance of vaccination among those close to the HCWs | - Personal invitation letter with information folder and a link to the website at the home address |
‘I would definitively get vaccinated if it was available at a convenient time’ | Create a more convenient approach | - Poster with clear practical information on location and time |
- Personal invitation at home address with location and time | ||
- Extended vaccination hours which take changing shifts into account |
Step three: Theory-based methods and practical strategies
Step four: Program planning
Step five: Adoption and implementation of the program
Step six: Program evaluation
Determinants | Intervention UMCs | External intervention UMCs | Control UMCs |
---|---|---|---|
n = 3 | n = 2 | n = 3 | |
Aware of personal risk for influenza infection | 2/3 | 2/2 | 2/3 |
Aware of risk of infecting patients | 3/3 | 2/2 | 3/3 |
‘Vaccination reduces risk of infecting patients’ | 2/3 | 2/2 | 2/3 |
‘Vaccination is useful despite the constant flow of visitors’ | 2/3 | 1/2 | 1/3 |
Aware of the contents of the Health Council’s Advice | 3/3 | 2/2 | 1/3 |
‘HCWsa should get vaccinated to ensure continuity of care’ | 2/3 | 2/2 | 1/3 |
‘HCWs should get vaccinated because of their duty to do no harm’ | 2/3 | 2/2 | 2/3 |
‘People around me think it is important for me to get vaccinated’ | 1/3 | 1/2 | 1/3 |
‘I would definitively get vaccinated if it was available at a convenient time’ | 3/3 | 2/2 | 1/3 |
Results
Results of the process evaluation
Qualitative process evaluation in the intervention and control UMCs
Quantitative evaluation of the implementation process in the intervention group
Methods/materials | Intervention UMCs | Intervention UMCs |
---|---|---|
2009/2010 | 2010/2011 | |
n = 249 HCWs | n = 303 HCWs | |
(%) | (%) | |
Visited the website | 9.6 | 19.7 |
Attended information meeting | 4.1 | 9.0 |
Badge was handed out | 32.9 | 16.6 |
Wore the badge | 20.5 | 14.3 |
Rated the badge as appealing | 3.2 | 7.4 |
Rated the poster(s) as appealing | 9.6 | 7.9* |
Rated the folder as appealing | 9.2 | 3.3* |
Rated the video(s) as appealing | 2.8 | 1.3 |