Introduction
Methods
Research design and research characters
Measurement of plasma DAO level using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Clinical characteristics
Statistical analysis
Results
Basic parameters of the reasearch population
LC (n = 255) | CHB (n = 70) | HCC (n = 40) | HCs (n = 12) | P value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Decompensated (n = 135) | Compensated (n = 120) | |||||
Male* (%) | 96 (71.1%) | 84 (70%) | 51 (72.9%) | 32 (80%) | 9 (75%) | 0.145 |
Age (year) | 63 (53.5–68) | 58 (50–62) | 49 (40–54) | 55.5 (39.25–66) | 50 (40.25–51.5) | 0.217 |
HBeAg* (+), n(%) | 90 (66.7%) | 63 (52.5%) | 49 (70%) | 20 (50%) | NA | 0.152 |
HBsAg | 4416 (3325–7081) | 4453 (3566–6266) | 5746 (2926–7081) | 4478.5 (3785–62,00) | NA | 0.081 |
HBV-DNA* (+), n(%) | 99 (73.3%) | 90 (75%) | 59 (84.3%) | 32 (80%) | NA | 0.095 |
ALT (IU/L) | 78.5 (63–129.5) | 111.5 (72.25–237.75) | 282 (238–468) | 66.5 (39.5–238.25) | 31 (24–34.5) | 0.000 |
AST (IU/L) | 70.5 (51–96) | 86.5 (51.25–113.5) | 210.5 (183–359) | 53 (36.25–133.75) | 33 (25.25–37.75) | 0.015 |
TBIL (μmol/L) | 39.1 (26.2–58.7) | 36.85 (23.85–49.45) | 20.9 (14.6–27.5) | 37 (19–73.25) | 13.25 (12.525–15.225) | 0.003 |
ALB (g/L) | 31.35 (29.32–34.95) | 34.75 (32.4–36.9) | 44.6 (42.4–51) | 36.9 (31–43.63) | 47.6 (43.525–51.775) | 0.000 |
PTA (%) | 67 (60–84) | 81.5 (74–90.75) | 92 (89.5–104) | 79.5 (64.5–90) | 91 (85.75–101.25) | 0.000 |
Cr (μmol/L) | 75 (66.5–89.75) | 74 (66.5–86.5) | 76.5 (70–87) | 88 (70.25–92.25) | 70.5 (64.25–79.75) | 0.216 |
WBC (109/L) | 4.82 (3.16–9.34) | 5.87 (4.48–7.29) | 6.64 (5.28–7.53) | 4.57 (3.315–5.65) | 6.85 (5.0–7.66) | 0.383 |
HGB (g/L) | 119.5 (107–135.75) | 130 (117–140.75) | 148 (145–151) | 130 (108–136) | 146.5 (135.75–149.75) | 0.000 |
PLT (109/L) | 90.5 (55–105) | 101 (88.25–144.5) | 168.5 (145–205) | 124 (76–200) | 197.5 (176.5–239.5) | 0.000 |
SBP*, (n,%) | 21 (15.6%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Ascites*, (n,%) | 112 (83%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
GI bleeding*, (n,%) | 27 (20%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
HE*, (n,%) | 18 (13.3%) | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Child-pugh A/B/C*, n(%) | 0/90/45 (0/66.7%/33.3%) | 72/48/0 (60%/40%/0%) | NA | NA | NA | 0.000 |
Readmission (n = 36) | Non-Readmission (n = 135) | P Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Male* (%) | 28(77.8%) | 68(68.7%) | 0.303 |
Age (year) | 59(53–61.6) | 58(53–61) | 0.574 |
HBeAg(+)*, n(%) | 27(75%) | 63(63.6%) | 0.215 |
HBsAg | 4122.5(3276.3–6266.0) | 4477.0(3634.0–6326.0) | 0.282 |
HBV-DNA(+)*, n(%) | 27(75%) | 72(72.7%) | 0.792 |
ALT (IU/L) | 72.0(54.3–109.5) | 85.0(65.0–132.0) | 0.105 |
AST (IU/L) | 91.0(55.0–145.5) | 79.0(45.0–114.0) | 0.307 |
TBIL (μmol/L) | 41.4(26.1–67.9) | 39.8(27.0–56.9) | 0.508 |
ALB (g/L) | 30.9(26.7–34.6) | 34.6(32.0–37.9) | 0.042 |
PTA (%) | 70.0(61.3–85.8) | 75.0(63.0–88.0) | 0.233 |
Cr (μmol/L) | 89.0(68.5–93.8) | 73.0(66.0–87.0) | 0.087 |
WBC (109/L) | 4.5(2.9–9.0) | 4.7(3.0–11.4) | 0.807 |
HGB (g/L) | 115.5(89.5–129.8) | 125.0(111.0–137.0) | 0.019 |
PLT (109/L) | 73.5(66.0–123.3) | 90.0(54.0–133.0) | 0.464 |
SBP*, (n,%) | 10(27.8%) | 11(11.1%) | 0.018 |
Ascites*, (n,%) | 31(86.1%) | 81(81.8%) | 0.557 |
GI bleeding*, (n,%) | 15(41.7%) | 12(12.1%) | 0.000 |
HE*, (n,%) | 10(27.8%) | 8(8.1%) | 0.003 |
Child-pugh A/B/C*, n(%) | 0/16/20(0%/44.4%/55.6%) | 0/74/25(0/74.7%/25.3%) | 0.001 |
Plasma DAO level of study populations
The realtionship between plasma DAO level and clinical parametes in HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis
The plasma DAO level was an inependent risk factor for readmission within 6 months of HBV-related decompensated cirrhosis
Cases | Gender | Age(years) | Child-pugh score(A/B/C) | SBP(+/−) | Ascites(+/−) | GI bleeding(+/−) | HE(+/−) | Readmission Reasons | Readmission Time (months) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Male | 55 | C | + | + | + | – | HE and ascites | 0.25 |
2 | Male | 53 | B | – | + | + | – | GI bleeding | 4.75 |
3 | Male | 41 | C | – | + | – | + | HE | 0.95 |
4 | Female | 61 | C | – | + | + | + | SBP and ascites | 5.40 |
5 | Male | 55 | B | – | – | + | – | GI bleeding | 5.20 |
6 | Male | 64 | C | + | + | + | – | HE | 2.80 |
7 | Male | 53 | C | + | + | – | – | GI bleeding and HE | 3.10 |
8 | Male | 61 | B | + | + | – | – | HE and ascites | 2.30 |
9 | Male | 57 | B | – | + | – | – | HE and ascites | 4.45 |
10 | Male | 55 | C | + | + | + | – | SBP and ascites | 1.75 |
11 | Male | 55 | B | – | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 1.35 |
12 | Female | 61 | C | – | + | + | + | SBP and ascites | 1.40 |
13 | Female | 61 | C | – | + | + | + | GI bleeding | 1.70 |
14 | Male | 62 | B | – | + | – | + | GI bleeding | 3.05 |
15 | Male | 62 | B | – | + | – | + | SBP and ascites | 3.05 |
16 | Male | 64 | C | + | + | + | – | HE | 5.65 |
17 | Male | 64 | C | + | + | + | – | GI bleeding and ascites | 1.15 |
18 | Male | 53 | C | + | + | – | – | ascites | 2.10 |
19 | Female | 66 | C | – | + | + | – | SBP and ascites | 1.45 |
20 | Female | 66 | C | – | + | + | – | GI bleeding | 1.05 |
21 | Male | 53 | C | + | + | – | – | SBP and ascites | 5.10 |
22 | Male | 41 | C | – | + | – | + | HE | 0.95 |
23 | Male | 53 | B | – | + | + | – | GI bleeding and ascites | 2.35 |
24 | Male | 61 | B | + | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 4.30 |
25 | Female | 66 | C | – | – | + | – | SBP and ascites | 1.05 |
26 | Male | 57 | B | – | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 4.45 |
27 | Male | 53 | B | – | + | – | – | ascites | 4.25 |
28 | Male | 61 | B | – | – | – | + | SBP and ascites | 3.95 |
29 | Male | 61 | B | – | – | – | + | GI bleeding | 3.65 |
30 | Male | 41 | C | – | + | – | + | HE | 1.53 |
31 | Male | 58 | C | – | – | + | – | GI bleeding | 2.50 |
32 | Female | 39 | B | – | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 3.05 |
33 | Male | 59 | C | – | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 2.95 |
34 | Female | 59 | B | – | + | – | – | SBP and ascites | 4.25 |
35 | Male | 59 | C | – | + | – | – | GI bleeding | 2.95 |
36 | Male | 69 | B | – | + | – | – | SBP and ascites | 5.10 |
variable | univariate | mutlivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95%CI |
P
| HR | 95%CI |
P
| |
Gender (male/female) * | 0.627 | 0.257–1.531 | 0.305 | |||
Age (year) | 1.066 | 0.957–1.057 | 0.814 | |||
HBeAg(+/−)* | 1.000 | 0.445–2.246 | 1.000 | |||
HBsAg | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.669 | |||
HBV-DNA(+/−)* | 1.125 | 0.469–2.697 | 0.792 | |||
ALT(IU/L) | 0.994 | 0.986–1.002 | 0.120 | |||
AST(IU/L) | 1.001 | 0.995–1.007 | 0.763 | |||
TBIL(umol/L) | 1.010 | 0.993–1.028 | 0.246 | |||
PTA | 0.984 | 0.959–1.010 | 0.223 | |||
ALB(g/L) | 0.959 | 0.880–1.044 | 0.334 | |||
WBC(109/L) | 1.053 | 0.952–1.165 | 0.313 | |||
HGB(g/L) | 0.979 | 0.963–0.995 | 0.010 | 0.980 | 0.942–1.019 | 0.313 |
PLT(109/L) | 0.996 | 0.987–1.004 | 0.302 | |||
SBP(+/−)* | 3.077 | 1.176–8.049 | 0.022 | 2.230 | 0.561–8.870 | 0.255 |
Ascites(+/−)* | 0.494 | 0.192–1.286 | 0.143 | |||
HE(+/−)* | 4.375 | 1.567–12.215 | 0.000 | 5.018 | 1.436–17.533 | 0.012 |
GI Bleeding(+/−)* | 5.179 | 2.113–12.690 | 0.000 | 1.520 | 0.156–14.788 | 0.718 |
Chilid-pugh score(B/C) * | 3.700 | 1.665–8.223 | 0.001 | 0.914 | 0.281–2.972 | 0.881 |
DAO(ng/mL) | 1.126 | 1.068–1.188 | 0.000 | 1.102 | 1.023–1.188 | 0.010 |
variable | univariate | mutlivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95%CI |
P
| HR | 95%CI |
P
| |
Gender (male/female) * | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.998 | |||
Age (year) | 0.940 | 0.869–1.017 | 0.125 | |||
HBeAg(+/−)* | 0.603 | 0.154–2.365 | 0.468 | |||
HBsAg | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.762 | |||
HBV-DNA(+/−)* | 0.426 | 0.108–1.682 | 0.223 | |||
ALT(IU/L) | 1.002 | 0.991–1.013 | 0.673 | |||
AST(IU/L) | 1.006 | 0.997–1.015 | 0.179 | |||
TBIL(umol/L) | 1.028 | 1.000–1.057 | 0.049 | 0.985 | 0.950–1.020 | 0.391 |
PTA | 0.949 | 0.897–1.004 | 0.068 | |||
ALB(g/L) | 0.974 | 0.838–1.132 | 0.733 | |||
WBC(109/L) | 1.115 | 0.948–1.312 | 0.188 | |||
HGB(g/L) | 0.992 | 0.965–1.019 | 0.550 | |||
PLT(109/L) | 0.994 | 0.978–1.010 | 0.450 | |||
SBP(+/−)* | 8.594 | 2.087–35.394 | 0.003 | 1.138 | 0.133–9.732 | 0.906 |
Ascites(+/−)* | 1.692 | 0.201–14.228 | 0.628 | |||
HE(+/−)* | 3.700 | 0.836–16.37 | 0.085 | |||
GI Bleeding(+/−)* | 2.125 | 0.596–9.109 | 0.310 | |||
Chilid-pugh score(B/C) * | 8.105 | 1.609–40.828 | 0.011 | 1.886 | 0.081–9.733 | 0.921 |
DAO(ng/mL) | 1.157 | 1.078–1.243 | 0.000 | 1.184 | 1.024–1.369 | 0.023 |
variable | univariate | mutlivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95%CI |
P
| HR | 95%CI |
P
| |
Gender (male/female) * | 0.939 | 0.311–2.837 | 0.911 | |||
Age (year) | 1.053 | 0.979–1.132 | 0.164 | |||
HBeAg(+/−)* | 1.351 | 0.450–4.057 | 0.592 | |||
HBsAg | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.565 | |||
HBV-DNA(+/−)* | 1.318 | 0.404–4.302 | 0.648 | |||
ALT(IU/L) | 0.989 | 0.976–1.002 | 0.088 | |||
AST(IU/L) | 1.002 | 0.994–1.010 | 0.595 | |||
TBIL(umol/L) | 1.008 | 0.986–1.030 | 0.467 | |||
PTA | 0.995 | 0.962–1.028 | 0.746 | |||
ALB(g/L) | 0.941 | 0.842–1.052 | 0.284 | |||
WBC(109/L) | 1.071 | 0.944–1.215 | 0.286 | |||
HGB(g/L) | 0.988 | 0.969–1.009 | 0.256 | |||
PLT(109/L) | 0.997 | 0.986–1.008 | 0.559 | |||
SBP(+/−)* | 3.400 | 1.109–10.419 | 0.032 | 1.309 | 0.286–5.989 | 0.729 |
Ascites(+/−)* | 0.473 | 0.150–1.489 | 0.201 | |||
HE(+/−)* | 2.102 | 0.606–7.290 | 0.242 | |||
GI Bleeding(+/−)* | 4.126 | 1.442–11.810 | 0.008 | 2.359 | 0.685–8.126 | 0.174 |
Chilid-pugh score(B/C) * | 2.929 | 1.066–8.044 | 0.037 | 1.002 | 0.255–3.931 | 0.998 |
DAO(ng/mL) | 1.090 | 1.036–1.146 | 0.001 | 1.065 | 0.987–1.150 | 0.105 |
variable | univariate | mutlivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95%CI |
P
| HR | 95%CI |
P
| |
Gender (male/female) * | 0.532 | 0.143–1.982 | 0.347 | |||
Age (year) | 1.006 | 0.940–1.077 | 0.863 | |||
HBeAg(+/−)* | 1.577 | 0.478–5.199 | 0.454 | |||
HBsAg | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.787 | |||
HBV-DNA(+/−)* | 2.800 | 0.604–12.983 | 0.188 | |||
ALT(IU/L) | 0.998 | 0.989–1.008 | 0.750 | |||
AST(IU/L) | 0.999 | 0.990–1.008 | 0.835 | |||
TBIL(umol/L) | 0.995 | 0.971–1.020 | 0.711 | |||
PTA | 0.986 | 0.951–1.022 | 0.434 | |||
ALB(g/L) | 0.983 | 0.875–1.104 | 0.769 | |||
WBC(109/L) | 1.039 | 0.907–1.190 | 0.584 | |||
HGB(g/L) | 0.972 | 0.951–0.993 | 0.008 | 0.974 | 0.935–1.014 | 0.200 |
PLT(109/L) | 0.994 | 0.982–1.006 | 0.334 | |||
SBP(+/−)* | 1.295 | 0.335–5.004 | 0.708 | |||
Ascites(+/−)* | 0.875 | 0.228–3.357 | 0.846 | |||
HE(+/−)* | 1.600 | 0.408–6.278 | 0.500 | |||
GI Bleeding(+/−)* | 3.850 | 1.284–11.548 | 0.016 | 1.122 | 0.131–9.578 | 0.916 |
Chilid-pugh score(B/C) * | 1.658 | 0.574–4.786 | 0.350 | |||
DAO(ng/mL) | 1.032 | 0.980–1.086 | 0.235 |
variable | univariate | mutlivariate | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95%CI |
P
| HR | 95%CI |
P
| |
Gender (male/female) * | 2.676 | 0.729–9.827 | 0.138 | |||
Age (year) | 1.104 | 0.993–1.28 | 0.068 | |||
HBeAg(+/−)* | 0.732 | 0.196–2.738 | 0.643 | |||
HBsAg | 1.000 | 1.000–1.000 | 0.676 | |||
HBV-DNA(+/−)* | 0.837 | 0.204–3.427 | 0.805 | |||
ALT(IU/L) | 0.958 | 0.928–0.990 | 0.070 | |||
AST(IU/L) | 0.998 | 0.987–1.010 | 0.777 | |||
TBIL(umol/L) | 0.999 | 0.970–1.029 | 0.933 | |||
PTA | 1.007 | 0.966–1.049 | 0.755 | |||
ALB(g/L) | 0.926 | 0.802–1.069 | 0.294 | |||
WBC(109/L) | 1.030 | 0.870–1.218 | 0.735 | |||
HGB(g/L) | 0.987 | 0.962–1.013 | 0.326 | |||
PLT(109/L) | 1.002 | 0.989–1.016 | 0.748 | |||
SBP(+/−)* | 1.395 | 0.275–7.080 | 0.688 | |||
Ascites(+/−)* | 5.944 | 1.562–22.620 | 0.009 | 5.200 | 0.730–37.047 | 0.100 |
HE(+/−)* | 5.286 | 1.327–21.050 | 0.018 | 3.529 | 0.616–20.224 | 0.157 |
GI Bleeding(+/−)* | 4.682 | 1.248–17.566 | 0.022 | 1.704 | 0.239–12.169 | 0.595 |
Chilid-pugh score(B/C) * | 3.308 | 0.883–12.389 | 0.076 | |||
DAO(ng/mL) | 1.064 | 1.004–1.127 | 0.037 | 1.072 | 0.990–1.160 | 0.085 |