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Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2/2022

01.02.2022 | Poliomyelitis | Leitthema Zur Zeit gratis

Impfungen für Schwangere und Frauen mit Kinderwunsch

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. Clemens Tempfer, MBA

Erschienen in: Gynäkologische Endokrinologie | Ausgabe 2/2022

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Zusammenfassung

Infektionen sind eine wichtige potenzielle Gefahrenquelle für Schwangere und ihre ungeborenen Kinder. Schwangere und Frauen mit Kinderwunsch sollten sich daher fachkundig darüber beraten lassen, welche Impfungen vor bzw. während einer Schwangerschaft sinnvoll sind. Zur Impfberatung gehören auch Fragestellungen zu Reiseimpfungen, insbesondere wenn das Reiseziel in einem Endemiegebiet für Erkrankungen wie Malaria, Gelbfieber, Tuberkulose, Hepatitis, Human-immunodeficiency-virus-assoziierte Erkrankungen, Leishmaniose, Toxoplasmose und Japanische Enzephalitis liegt. Grundsätzlich können alle Toxoidimpfstoffe, inaktivierten Impfstoffe und Immunglobuline in der Schwangerschaft verabreicht werden, Lebendimpfstoffe sind kontraindiziert. Empfehlenswerte Impfungen in der Schwangerschaft sind Tetanus, Diphtherie, Pertussis im Falle eines fehlenden Impfschutzes, die saisonale Influenzaimpfung und aktuell die Coronavirus-disease-19(COVID-19)-Impfung ab dem zweiten Trimenon. Zu den empfohlenen Reiseschutzimpfungen zählen alle Standardimpfungen, das heißt die Grundimmunisierung gegen Rotaviren, Tetanus, Diphtherie, Pertussis, Haemophilus influenzae Typ B, Poliomyelitis, Hepatitis B, Pneumokokken, Meningokokken, Masern, Mumps, Röteln, Varizellen, humanes Papillomavirus und Influenza. Darüber hinaus hat in der Reisemedizin der Immunschutz gegen Hepatitis A einen hohen Stellenwert. Nach den internationalen Gesundheitsempfehlungen der World Health Organization ist zur Einreise in bzw. Ausreise aus bestimmten Ländern eine zusätzliche spezifische Impfvorschrift für die Gelbfieber- und Poliomyelitisimpfung vorgesehen. Einzelne Länder haben darüber hinaus zusätzliche Impfvorschriften für die Ein- und Ausreise. „Indikationsimpfungen“ setzen ein entsprechendes lokales Risiko voraus.
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Metadaten
Titel
Impfungen für Schwangere und Frauen mit Kinderwunsch
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. Clemens Tempfer, MBA
Publikationsdatum
01.02.2022
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Gynäkologische Endokrinologie / Ausgabe 2/2022
Print ISSN: 1610-2894
Elektronische ISSN: 1610-2908
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10304-022-00439-5

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