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Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 2/2020

21.01.2020 | Echokardiografie | Leitthema

Schock im Kindesalter – viele Ursachen und schwierig zu erkennen

Definition und Besonderheiten im Kindesalter

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. M. Emmel, F. Hoffmann, C. Dohna-Schwake, T. Standl, C. Menzel

Erschienen in: Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde | Ausgabe 2/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Der Schock wird im Kindesalter in seiner Schwere und seinem zeitlichen Verlauf häufig unterschätzt. Er stellt einen bedrohlichen Zustand dar, bei dem aufgrund des Kreislaufversagens der Sauerstoffbedarf wichtiger Organe nicht mehr gedeckt werden kann. Dies geht bei inadäquater oder spät eingeleiteter Therapie – insbesondere im Fall von Kindern – mit einer hohen Letalität einher; sekundäre Organschäden bis zum Multiorganversagen können resultieren. Die verlängerte Kapillarfüllungszeit (CRT) ist ein sehr spezifisches und frühes Zeichen der Zentralisation, während die Blutdruckwerte im Kindesalter trotz schweren Schocks durch Erhöhung des peripheren Widerstands lange noch normal sein können. Nach seiner Ursache wird der Schock in hypovolämisch, distributiv, kardiogen und obstruktiv eingeteilt. Er muss zügig behandelt werden; hierbei erfordern die einzelnen Schockformen jeweils eine differenzierte Therapie. Bei unklarer Ätiologie bestehen die initialen Maßnahmen aus Volumen- und Katecholamingaben.
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Metadaten
Titel
Schock im Kindesalter – viele Ursachen und schwierig zu erkennen
Definition und Besonderheiten im Kindesalter
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. M. Emmel
F. Hoffmann
C. Dohna-Schwake
T. Standl
C. Menzel
Publikationsdatum
21.01.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde / Ausgabe 2/2020
Print ISSN: 0026-9298
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0474
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00112-019-00835-5

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