Background
Method
Participants
Measures
Analyses
Results
Characteristic | Men, n = 334 n (%) | Women, n = 312 n (%) |
---|---|---|
Age | ||
18-24 yrs | 161 (48.2) | 176 (56.4) |
25-30 yrs | 173 (51.8) | 136 (43.6) |
Education
| ||
<=7 yrs | 110 (33.1) | 97 (31.3) |
>7 yrs | 222 (66.9) | 213 (68.7) |
Place of residence
| ||
Urban | 115 (34.4) | 102 (32.7) |
Semiurban/rural | 219 (65.6) | 210 (67.3) |
Relationship status
| ||
Single/widowed/separated | 178 (53.6) | 179 (57.6) |
Married/cohabiting | 154 (46.4) | 132 (42.4) |
Depression
| ||
No | 294 (88.0) | 256 (82.1) |
Yes | 40 (12.0) | 56 (17.9) |
Psychological distress
1
| ||
Lower quartile | 1.16 | 1.16 |
Median | 1.28 | 1.36 |
Upper quartile | 1.64 | 1.80 |
Alcohol use
2
| ||
Less than once per week | 215 (64.6) | 268 (86.7) |
At least once per week | 118 (35.4) | 41 (13.3) |
Lifetime sexual partners
| ||
0 | 41 (12.4) | 56 (18.0) |
1 | 69 (20.9) | 89 (28.6) |
2 | 56 (17.0) | 60 (19.3) |
3 | 41 (12.4) | 36 (11.6) |
4 or above | 123 (37.3) | 70 (22.5) |
Current sexual partners
| ||
0 | 98 (29.8) | 93 (30.0) |
1 | 182 (55.3) | 203 (65.5) |
2 | 42 (12.8) | 12 (3.9) |
3 | 4 (1.2) | 2 (0.6) |
4 | 3 (0.9) | 0 (0) |
Condom use
3
(n = 544)
| ||
Always | 77 (27.4) | 57 (22.8) |
Sometimes | 110 (39.1) | 109 (43.6) |
Never | 94 (33.5) | 84 (33.6) |
Depression and sexual risk behaviours
Lifetime partners | Current regular partners | Inconsistent condom use2
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depression | Proportion with 4 or more lifetime partners (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with more than 1 current partner (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with inconsistent condom use (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) |
Men
| |||||||||
No depression | 104/290 (35.9) | 1 | 1 | 41/290 (14.1) | 1 | 1 | 171/243 (70.4) | 1 | 1 |
Depression | 19/40 (47.5) | 1.62 (0.83-3.15) | 1.63 (0.78-3.42) | 8/39 (20.5) | 1.57 (0.67-3.65) | 1.52 (0.60-3.86) | 33/38 (86.8) | 2.78 (1.04-7.41) | 2.71 (0.72-10.20) |
Women
| |||||||||
No depression | 47/255 (18.4) | 1 | 1 | 8/254 (3.1) | 1 | 1 | 150/199 (75.4) | 1 | 1 |
Depression | 23/56 (41.1) | 3.08 (1.66-5.73) | 2.74 (1.41-5.34) | 6/56 (10.7) | 3.69 (1.23-11.10) | 3.92 (1.25-12.27) | 43/51 (84.3) | 1.76 (0.77-3.99) | 2.12 (0.79-5.68) |
Psychological distress and sexual risk behaviours
Lifetime partners | Current regular partners | Inconsistent condom use3
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Psychological distress1
| Proportion with 4 or more lifetime partners (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted2 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with more than 1 current partner (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted2 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with inconsistent condom use (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted2 OR (95% CI) |
Men
| |||||||||
1st (lowest) | 16/77 (20.8) | 1 | 1 | 10/78 (12.8) | 1 | 1 | 44/63 (69.8) | 1 | 1 |
2nd | 32/85 (37.6) | 2.30 (1.14-4.65) | 2.78 (1.31-5.92) | 10/85 (11.8) | 0.91 (0.36-2.31) | 0.98 (0.36-2.62) | 47/71 (66.2) | 0.85 (0.41-1.75) | 0.61 (0.24-1.55) |
3rd | 38/82 (46.3) | 3.29 (1.63-6.64) | 4.49 (2.09-9.66) | 16/80 (20.0) | 1.70 (0.72-4.02) | 2.05 (0.81-5.19) | 48/72 (66.7) | 0.86 (0.42-1.79) | 0.79 (0.31-2.06) |
4th (highest) | 37/86 (43.0) | 2.88 (1.43-5.78) | 3.58 (1.66-7.69) | 13/86 (15.1) | 1.21 (0.50-2.94) | 1.20 (0.46-3.13) | 65/75 (86.7) | 2.81 (1.19-6.61) | 3.42 (1.07-10.92) |
Women
| |||||||||
1st (lowest) | 2/61 (3.3) | 1 | 1 | 1/61 (1.6) | 1 | 1 | 27/40 (67.5) | 1 | 1 |
2nd | 18/87 (20.7) | 7.70 (1.71-34.55) | 8.47 (1.84-39.09) | 1/87 (1.1) | 0.70 (0.04-11.37) | 0.62 (0.04-10.25) | 54/70 (77.1) | 1.63 (0.68-3.86) | 2.13 (0.76-5.95) |
3rd | 16/81 (19.8) | 7.26 (1.60-32.93) | 8.13 (1.73-38.25) | 4/80 (5.0) | 3.16 (0.34-29.00) | 4.59 (0.49-43.38) | 52/65 (80.0) | 1.93 (0.78-4.73) | 2.62 (0.90-7.59) |
4th (highest) | 34/82 (41.5) | 20.90 (4.78-91.44) | 22.27 (4.89-101.35) | 8/82 (9.8) | 6.49 (0.79-53.32) | 8.56 (1.00-73.19) | 60/75 (80.0) | 1.93 (0.81-4.60) | 2.35 (0.82-6.76) |
Alcohol use and sexual risk behaviours
Lifetime partners | Current regular partners | Inconsistent condom use2
| |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alcohol use | Proportion with 4 or more lifetime partners (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with more than 1 current partner (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) | Proportion with inconsistent condom use (%) | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted1 OR (95% CI) |
Men
| |||||||||
Less than once per week | 64/213 (30.0) | 1 | 1 | 20/211 (9.5) | 1 | 1 | 108/166 (65.1) | 1 | 1 |
At least once per week | 59/116 (50.9) | 2.41 (1.51-3.85) | 1.82 (1.09-3.03) | 29/117 (24.8) | 3.15 (1.69-5.87) | 2.11 (1.08-4.11) | 95/114 (83.3) | 2.69 (1.49-4.83) | 1.70 (0.83-3.48) |
Women
| |||||||||
Less than once per week | 45/268 (16.8) | 1 | 1 | 6/268 (2.2) | 1 | 1 | 159/208 (76.4) | 1 | 1 |
At least once per week | 25/41 (61.0) | 7.74 (3.83-15.66) | 7.75 (3.63-16.57) | 8/41 (19.5) | 10.59 (3.46-32.40) | 11.88 (3.66-38.53) | 34/40 (85.0) | 1.75 (0.69-4.40) | 1.99 (0.68-5.79) |