Introduction
Type of migrants | Definition |
---|---|
Voluntary migrants | People who have a regular visa and leave their country seeking bigger opportunities, a better job or a better education |
Refugees | People who leave their country for fear of persecution for ethnic, racial or political reasons |
Asylum seekers | People who seek to become refugees and waiting to be accepted in a foreign country |
Asylee | A person who has been granted asylum |
Parolee | A person who is temporarily accepted in a country for urgent humanitarian reasons |
Materials & methods
Eligibility criteria
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Study design: guidelines meeting the WHO definition: as “systematically developed evidence-based statements which assist providers, recipients and other stakeholders to make informed decisions about appropriate health interventions” [1];
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Target population: Migrants as defined by the International Organization for Migration (IOM): “any person who is moving or has moved across an international border or within a State away from his/her habitual place of residence, regardless of (1) the person’s legal status; (2) whether the movement is voluntary or involuntary; (3) what the causes for the movement are; or (4) what the length of the stay is;” [9]
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Field: clinical practice, public health, or health policy and systems.
Search
Selection process
Data abstraction
- Year of publication;
- Type of developer organization: governmental, professional society, inter-governmental agency (e.g., World Health Organization (WHO), or other;
- Type of disease addressed: communicable, non-communicable diseases;
- Type of recommendations addressed: screening, prevention, treatment, etc.
- Type of migrants addressed (e.g., immigrants, refugees, voluntary migrant, asylum seeker, parolee);
- Setting: inpatient, outpatient;
- Migration stage addressed by: pre departure (pre-entry level), at the border (entry level), at the holding level (migrant facilities) or at the host country in the primary care [10];
- The funding source(s);
- The development methodology (e.g., use of GRADE methodology).
Quality assessment of the guidelines
Data analysis
Calculation of AGREEII score
The use of RIGHT statement
Results
Characteristics of guidelines
Study ID (last name of first author, year of publication) | Developer organization | Type of disease ad-dressedb | Type of recommendations addressed | Type of migrants addressed | Setting Migration stage addressed | Intervention | Methodology used in the development process (GRADE, …) | Funding (reported as; not reported) | AGREE II Score (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kirmayer, 2011 [3] | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening using PHQ9 • Treatment | Immigrants and refugees | Outpatient: primary care | Screening using PHQ 9 | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 66.6 |
Dominic, 2011 (Type 2 DM) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening using fasting blood glucose • Treatment of diabetes | Immigrants and refugees > 35 years of age from ethnic groups at high risk for diabetes type 2 (South Asian, Latin American, and African) Destination: Canada | Outpatient: primary care | Screening using fasting blood glucose And treatment | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 71.74 |
Dunn, 2011 (Contraception) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for contraceptive needs • Counseling for contraception | Female immigrants and refugees of reproductive age Destination: Canada | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Counseling for contraception and screening | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 67.39 |
Burhmann, 2011 (Vision) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for visual impairments • Referring to specialist | Immigrants and refugees Destination: Canada | Primary care | Screenings for visual impairment and referring to a specialist. | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 66.66 |
Gagnon, 2011 (Pregnancy Screening) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening during pregnancy | Pregnant immigrant women Destination: Canada | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Screening during pregnancy | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 65.61 |
Greenaway, 2011 (Hepatitis B) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for Hepatitis B • Treatment of Hepatitis B • vaccination against Hepatitis B | Immigrant/refugee adults and children from countries where chronic hepatitis B virus infection is moderate or high, i.e. ≥ 2% (HBsAg positive) | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Screening for Hepatitis B surface antibody | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 63.41 |
Greenaway, 2011 (Hepatitis C) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for Hepatitis C • Treatment of Hepatitis C | Immigrants coming to Canada from countries where prevalence of hepatitis C is considered high (> 3%). | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Screening for Hepatitis C Antibody And refer to a specialist if positive | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 62.68 |
Greenaway, 2011 (Varicella) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for Varicella • Vaccination against Varicella | Immigrants of all ages coming to Canada from tropical countries. | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Vaccinating against Varicella, screening | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 66.66 |
Greenaway, 2011 (MMR) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Vaccination against MMR, Tdap and Polio | Immigrants and refugees of all ages Destination: Canada | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Vaccinating for MMR, Tdap and Polio | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 65.58 |
Hassan, 2011 (Child Maltreatment) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for child maltreatment • Prevention child maltreatment • Treatment child maltreatment | To Canada/ From: not specified | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Screening for child maltreatment | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 65.22 |
Hassan, 2011 (Intimate Partner Violence) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for intimate partner violence • Prevention of intimate partner violence • Treatment of intimate partner violence | Recently settled immigrant women Destination: Canada | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Preventing/ reducing morbidity and/or mortality from intimate partner violence | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 66.67 |
Khan, 2011 (Parasites) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for Strongyloides and Schistosoma • Treatment of Strongyloides and Schistosoma | Immigrants/Refugees from developing areas (Southeast Asia & Africa for Strongyloides; Africa for Schistosomiasis) Destination: Canada | Not mentioned (outpatient) | Screening and treatment for Strongyloides and Schistosoma | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 68.11 |
McCarthy, 2011 (Malaria) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for Malaria | Child and adult migrants coming to Canada from low to middle income malaria-endemic countries, especially Sub-Saharan Africa (in the past three months) | Host country Primary care | Screening for Malaria | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 59.05 |
McNelly, 2011 (Dental) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for common oral conditions • Preventing common oral conditions • Treating common oral conditions • Referring patients to specialists | Immigrants (adults and children) coming to Canada from developed and developing countries. | Outpatient host country | Screening for dental pain and treating it with NSAIDs -Screening adults and children for dental caries and referring them to specialists | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | a71.01 |
Pottie, 2011 (HIV) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | CD | • Screening for HIV • Treating HIV | Immigrants and refugee (adolescents and adults) with countries where HIV prevalence is > 1%. | Outpatient in pre-departure countries, linkage to treatment in host countries | Screen for HIV. Linkage to treatment with counseling | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 71.01 |
Pottie, 2011 (Cervical Cancer) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Preventing HPV through vaccination • Screening through Cervical Cytology | Migrant women (between the age of 9 and 26 years old) coming to Canada. Source not specified. | Not mentioned | HPV vaccination. Screening for cervical abnormalities and referring for treatment. | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 71.01 |
Pottie, 2011 (Iron Deficiency) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for Iron Deficiency • Preventing Iron Deficiency | Immigrant and refugees: 1-Children aged 1 to 4 2- female of reproductive age. -Source not reported. Destination: Canada. | Not mentioned | Screening and linkage to treatment. | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 68.11 |
Rousseau, 2011 (PTSD) | Clinical Collaboration for Immigrant and Refugee Health (CCIRH) | NCD | • Screening for PTSD • Treating for PTSD | Immigrants coming to Canada | Outpatient. Host Countries | Screening for exposure to traumatic events to address functional impairment. | GRADE | CIHR Institute of Health Services and Policy Research, the Champlain Local Health Integration Network and the Calgary Refugee Program | 61.23 |
Almasio, 2011 | Italian Association for the Study of the Liver (A.I.S.F.), Italian Society of Infectious and Tropical Diseases (S.I.M.I.T.), Italian Federation Department’s Operators and AddictionServices (FederSerD), Italian Prison Medicine and Healthcare Society (S.I.M.S.Pe.). | CD | • Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment | Migrants, Intravenous Drug Abusers and Prison Inmates | Not mentioned | Screening, Vaccinating, Treatment | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | 32.61 |
Bhugra, 2014 | European Psychiatric Association | NCD | • Screening, treatment | Migrants | Outpatient | Psychotherapy | Existing policy documents issued by relevant bodies, expert consultations, researchers and clinicians involved | Not mentioned | 37.68 |
Yeom, 2015 | Korean Society of Infectious Diseases | CD | • Prevention through vaccination against communicable diseases | Immigrants in Korea (for instance: from China, United States, Vietnam, Japan, Mongolia) | Outpatient | Vaccination | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | 33.33 |
Chaves, 2017 | The Australasian Society for Infectious Diseases and Refugee Health Network of Australia | CD & NCD | • Screening, diagnosis and management | Migrants (pediatrics and adults) asylum seeker and people from refugee like background | Not mentioned | Recommendations for testing and managing infectious and non-infectious diseases By focusing on person- centered care: asking the patient, screening him and being kind to him. | Not mentioned | The Victorian Department of Health and Human Services and ASID | 65.50 |
Zammarchi, 2017 | Coordinating resources to assess and improve HEalth status of MIgrants from Latin America (COHEMI) | CD | • Screening, diagnosis and management | Migrants and travellers | Not mentioned | Techinical Recommendations for screening, diagnosis and management of human Cysticercosis and Taenia solium taeniasis: by the COHEMI project study group | GRADE | Not reported | 36.96 |
Quality of conduct
Domain | Median | Q1 | Q3 | IQR |
---|---|---|---|---|
Scope and purpose | 83.3 | 77.78 | 88.9 | 11.12 |
Involvement of stakeholders | 69.4 | 58.3 | 72.2 | 13.9 |
Rigor of development | 56.3 | 47.9 | 60.4 | 12.5 |
Clarity of presentation | 83.3 | 77.8 | 88.9 | 11.1 |
Applicability | 37.5 | 29.0 | 48.2 | 19.2 |
Editorial independence | 100 | 75 | 100 | 25 |