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Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie 7/2018

24.05.2018 | Pflege | Leitthema

Prähospitale Anwendung von Tourniquets bei lebensbedrohlichen Extremitätenblutungen

Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit

verfasst von: B. Hossfeld, R. Lechner, F. Josse, M. Bernhard, F. Walcher, M. Helm, PD Dr. med. M. Kulla, DESA

Erschienen in: Die Unfallchirurgie | Ausgabe 7/2018

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Abstract

Hintergrund

Gemäß der Handlungsempfehlung „Tourniquet“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin (DGAI) erfolgt die Anlage eines Tourniquets bei lebensbedrohlichen Extremitätenblutungen, wenn die Kompression der Wunde nicht ausreicht oder in der gegebenen Situation nicht durchführbar ist. Hierdurch wird ein fortdauernder, unkontrollierbarer Blutverlust vermieden.

Material und Methode

Anhand der Ergebnisse einer systematischen Literaturrecherche (Januar 2015 bis Januar 2018) wird die publizierte Handlungsempfehlung Tourniquet der DGAI kritisch reevaluiert. Hierfür sind 17 Fragen zu 6 Themen im Vorfeld formuliert. Die PRISMA-Empfehlungen werden eingehalten, und die Studie ist im International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; ID CRD42018091528) registriert.

Ergebnisse

Von 284 Treffern zur Stichwortsuche „Tourniquet“ und „Trauma“ im Suchzeitraum von Januar 2015 bis Januar 2018 bei PubMed werden 50 Originalarbeiten zur prähospitalen Anwendung von Tourniquets bei lebensbedrohlichen Extremitätenblutungen in die Auswertung inkludiert. Zu keiner vorformulierten Frage kann eine prospektive randomisierte Interventionsstudie gefunden werden. Nur indirekt, meist als deskriptive Beschreibung, lassen sich wissenschaftliche Rückschlüsse ziehen.

Schlussfolgerung

Bei insgesamt sehr inhomogener Studienlage werden die bestehenden Aussagen der 2016 publizierten Handlungsempfehlung zur prähospitalen Anwendung von Tourniquets der DGAI bestätigt. Eine Abweichung ergibt sich zur „Konversion des Tourniquets“. Diese wird im zivilen Rettungsdienst bei den geringen Transportzeiten kaum nötig sein. Zukünftig könnte in dieser Frage jedoch strikt unterschieden werden, zwischen Tourniquets, die aus taktischer, und solchen, die aus medizinischer Notwendigkeit angelegt wurden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Prähospitale Anwendung von Tourniquets bei lebensbedrohlichen Extremitätenblutungen
Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit
verfasst von
B. Hossfeld
R. Lechner
F. Josse
M. Bernhard
F. Walcher
M. Helm
PD Dr. med. M. Kulla, DESA
Publikationsdatum
24.05.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwort
Pflege
Erschienen in
Die Unfallchirurgie / Ausgabe 7/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-7021
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-703X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00113-018-0510-y

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