Background
Methods
Subjects
Instruments
Measurement protocol
Statistical analysis
Results
Intraobserver repeatability of the HOA measurements obtained with Topcon KR-1 W and iTrace
Aberrations | Observers | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.127 ± 0.062 | 0.015 | 0.041 | 0.966 (0.952-0.977) |
2nd | 0.123 ± 0.056 | 0.015 | 0.041 | 0.957 (0.940-0.970) | |
SA | 1st | 0.026 ± 0.034 | 0.010 | 0.027 | 0.972 (0.960-0.980) |
2nd | 0.026 ± 0.033 | 0.011 | 0.031 | 0.961 (0.945-0.973) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.070 ± 0.037 | 0.015 | 0.042 | 0.945 (0.923-0.962) |
2nd | 0.070 ± 0.038 | 0.017 | 0.047 | 0.931 (0.902-0.952) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.022 ± 0.013 | 0.008 | 0.022 | 0.869 (0.814-0.909) |
2nd | 0.021 ± 0.012 | 0.009 | 0.024 | 0.837 (0.770-0.887) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.068 ± 0.032 | 0.015 | 0.043 | 0.923 (0.891-0.947) |
2nd | 0.066 ± 0.032 | 0.013 | 0.036 | 0.944 (0.921-0.961) | |
Tetrafoil | 1st | 0.029 ± 0.017 | 0.009 | 0.025 | 0.903 (0.863-0.933) |
2nd | 0.027 ± 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.029 | 0.881 (0.832-0.918) | |
Cornea | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.133 ± 0.051 | 0.020 | 0.055 | 0.948 (0.927-0.964) |
2nd | 0.132 ± 0.049 | 0.023 | 0.063 | 0.926 (0.895-0.948) | |
SA | 1st | 0.056 ± 0.022 | 0.009 | 0.025 | 0.939 (0.914-0.958) |
2nd | 0.054 ± 0.021 | 0.012 | 0.035 | 0.880 (0.830-0.917) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.073 ± 0.040 | 0.013 | 0.038 | 0.964 (0.949-0.975) |
2nd | 0.074 ± 0.039 | 0.018 | 0.051 | 0.923 (0.893-0.948) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.025 ± 0.015 | 0.009 | 0.024 | 0.889 (0.843-0.923) |
2nd | 0.024 ± 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.030 | 0.876 (0.825-0.914) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.074 ± 0.044 | 0.017 | 0.046 | 0.952 (0.933-0.967) |
2nd | 0.071 ± 0.043 | 0.019 | 0.052 | 0.936 (0.910-0.956) | |
Tetrafoil | 1st | 0.029 ± 0.018 | 0.011 | 0.032 | 0.867 (0.811-0.908) |
2nd | 0.030 ± 0.019 | 0.017 | 0.047 | 0.740 (0.633-0.820) | |
Internal | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.097 ± 0.032 | 0.029 | 0.079 | 0.728 (0.616-0.812) |
2nd | 0.097 ± 0.036 | 0.026 | 0.071 | 0.834 (0.767-0.885) | |
SA | 1st | −0.030 ± 0.031 | 0.012 | 0.033 | 0.951 (0.931-0.966) |
2nd | −0.029 ± 0.031 | 0.020 | 0.056 | 0.855 (0.795-0.900) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.053 ± 0.027 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.776 (0.683-0.845) |
2nd | 0.053 ± 0.029 | 0.021 | 0.059 | 0.819 (0.744-0.875) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.053 ± 0.027 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.776 (0.683-0.845) |
2nd | 0.054 ± 0.029 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.802 (0.720-0.863) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.046 ± 0.021 | 0.019 | 0.053 | 0.864 (0.808-0.906) |
2nd | 0.044 ± 0.020 | 0.019 | 0.053 | 0.690 (0.561-0.785) | |
Tetrafoil | 1st | 0.029 ± 0.019 | 0.012 | 0.033 | 0.770 (0.675-0.841) |
2nd | 0.029 ± 0.016 | 0.013 | 0.037 | 0.761 (0.661-0.834) |
Aberrations | Observers | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.180 ± 0.115 | 0.026 | 0.073 | 0.825 (0.752-0.879) |
2nd | 0.171 ± 0.103 | 0.026 | 0.071 | 0.979 (0.971-0.986) | |
SA | 1st | 0.022 ± 0.038 | 0.006 | 0.016 | 0.992 (0.988-0.994) |
2nd | 0.024 ± 0.033 | 0.007 | 0.019 | 0.995 (0.993-0.997) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.093 ± 0.057 | 0.011 | 0.031 | 0.989 (0.984-0.992) |
2nd | 0.100 ± 0.068 | 0.009 | 0.027 | 0.992 (0.988-0.994) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.033 ± 0.024 | 0.009 | 0.027 | 0.947 (0.920-0.965) |
2nd | 0.037 ± 0.029 | 0.011 | 0.032 | 0.946 (0.923-0.963) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.085 ± 0.052 | 0.011 | 0.029 | 0.863 (0.807-0.905) |
2nd | 0.081 ± 0.050 | 0.010 | 0.027 | 0.984 (0.976-0.990) | |
Cornea | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.138 ± 0.051 | 0.038 | 0.105 | 0.813 (0.737-0.871) |
2nd | 0.127 ± 0.065 | 0.023 | 0.064 | 0.956 (0.935-0.970) | |
SA | 1st | 0.045 ± 0.019 | 0.016 | 0.043 | 0.832 (0.763-0.884) |
2nd | 0.047 ± 0.021 | 0.015 | 0.041 | 0.821 (0.745-0.876) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.085 ± 0.045 | 0.027 | 0.074 | 0.863 (0.806-0.905) |
2nd | 0.088 ± 0.046 | 0.052 | 0.144 | 0.558 (0.377-0.694) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.033 ± 0.024 | 0.024 | 0.066 | 0.661 (0.520-0.765) |
2nd | 0.028 ± 0.026 | 0.020 | 0.054 | 0.805 (0.721-0.867) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.083 ± 0.048 | 0.026 | 0.071 | 0.903 (0.864-0.933) |
2nd | 0.086 ± 0.043 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.908 (0.870-0.936) | |
Internal | |||||
tHOA | 1st | 0.139 ± 0.050 | 0.036 | 0.101 | 0.820 (0.745-0.875) |
2nd | 0.140 ± 0.058 | 0.035 | 0.096 | 0.881 (0.832-0.918) | |
SA | 1st | −0.020 ± 0.057 | 0.038 | 0.105 | 0.851 (0.789-0.897) |
2nd | −0.009 ± 0.072 | 0.038 | 0.105 | 0.906 (0.867-0.935) | |
Coma | 1st | 0.081 ± 0.052 | 0.052 | 0.143 | 0.610 (0.448-0.730) |
2nd | 0.073 ± 0.041 | 0.048 | 0.133 | 0.426 (0.143-0.618) | |
Second Astig | 1st | 0.042 ± 0.038 | 0.028 | 0.078 | 0.816 (0.739-0.872) |
2nd | 0.045 ± 0.033 | 0.028 | 0.076 | 0.758 (0.658-0.833) | |
Trefoil | 1st | 0.076 ± 0.045 | 0.026 | 0.073 | 0.886 (0.839-0.921) |
2nd | 0.078 ± 0.053 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.940 (0.914-0.959) |
Interobserver reproducibility of the HOA measurements obtained with Topcon KR-1 W and iTrace
Aberrations | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | ||||
tHOA | 0.125 ± 0.055 | 0.027 | 0.076 | 0.772 (0.656-0.738) |
SA | 0.026 ± 0.032 | 0.013 | 0.036 | 0.920 (0.879-0.947) |
Coma | 0.070 ± 0.034 | 0.021 | 0.058 | 0.820 (0.728-0.881) |
Second Astig | 0.022 ± 0.011 | 0.009 | 0.025 | 0.644 (0.461-0.765) |
Trefoil | 0.067 ± 0.030 | 0.015 | 0.043 | 0.865 (0.796-0.910) |
Tetrafoil | 0.028 ± 0.015 | 0.011 | 0.031 | 0.721 (0.579-0.815) |
Cornea | ||||
tHOA | 0.133 ± 0.045 | 0.029 | 0.081 | 0.790 (0.682-0.861) |
SA | 0.055 ± 0.019 | 0.014 | 0.039 | 0.723 (0.581-0.817) |
Coma | 0.073 ± 0.037 | 0.021 | 0.058 | 0.842 (0.761-0.896) |
Second Astig | 0.025 ± 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.033 | 0.662 (0.489-0.777) |
Trefoil | 0.072 ± 0.040 | 0.025 | 0.069 | 0.804 (0.704-0.870) |
Tetrafoil | 0.029 ± 0.016 | 0.013 | 0.037 | 0.661 (0.487-0.776) |
Internal | ||||
tHOA | 0.097 ± 0.030 | 0.022 | 0.061 | 0.742 (0.609-0.829) |
SA | −0.029 ± 0.029 | 0.015 | 0.042 | 0.862 (0.791-0.909) |
Coma | 0.053 ± 0.024 | 0.019 | 0.054 | 0.690 (0.530-0.795) |
Second Astig | 0.053 ± 0.025 | 0.019 | 0.053 | 0.696 (0.539-0.799) |
Trefoil | 0.045 ± 0.017 | 0.017 | 0.046 | 0.499 (0.243-0.669) |
Tetrafoil | 0.029 ± 0.012 | 0.013 | 0.037 | 0.364 (0.347-0.580) |
Aberrations | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | ||||
tHOA | 0.176 ± 0.088 | 0.090 | 0.251 | 0.472 (0.200-0.651) |
SA | 0.023 ± 0.044 | 0.040 | 0.111 | 0.589 (0.377-0.728) |
Coma | 0.097 ± 0.054 | 0.044 | 0.122 | 0.661 (0.489-0.776) |
Second Astig | 0.035 ± 0.021 | 0.024 | 0.066 | 0.353 (0.237-0.572) |
Trefoil | 0.081 ± 0.050 | 0.038 | 0.104 | 0.622 (0.428-0.750) |
Cornea | ||||
tHOA | 0.131 ± 0.046 | 0.051 | 0.140 | 0.398 (0.096-0.428) |
SA | 0.046 ± 0.020 | 0.017 | 0.047 | 0.441 (0.155-0.631) |
Coma | 0.087 ± 0.036 | 0.039 | 0.109 | 0.393 (0.080-0.599) |
Second Astig | 0.031 ± 0.019 | 0.024 | 0.066 | 0.216(−0.182-0.481) |
Trefoil | 0.084 ± 0.044 | 0.047 | 0.130 | 0.439 (0.149-0.630) |
Internal | ||||
tHOA | 0.140 ± 0.048 | 0.036 | 0.100 | 0.716 (0.570-0.812) |
SA | −0.014 ± 0.055 | 0.048 | 0.134 | 0.617 (0.424-0.746) |
Coma | 0.077 ± 0.033 | 0.041 | 0.114 | 0.238(−0.147-0.495) |
Second Astig | 0.043 ± 0.028 | 0.031 | 0.085 | 0.416 (0.116-0.614) |
Trefoil | 0.077 ± 0.042 | 0.037 | 0.102 | 0.615 (0.418-0.746) |
Intrasession reproducibility of the HOA measurements obtained by Topcon KR-1 W and iTrace
Aberrations | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | ||||
tHOA | 0.127 ± 0.057 | 0.032 | 0.089 | 0.736 (0.600-0.825) |
SA | 0.025 ± 0.032 | 0.013 | 0.037 | 0.912 (0.869-0.943) |
Coma | 0.073 ± 0.036 | 0.024 | 0.066 | 0.770 (0.653-0.848) |
Second Astig | 0.023 ± 0.011 | 0.010 | 0.028 | 0.571 (0.353-0.715) |
Trefoil | 0.068 ± 0.032 | 0.022 | 0.061 | 0.761 (0.639-0.842) |
Tetrafoil | 0.028 ± 0.014 | 0.012 | 0.032 | 0.653 (0.476-0.771) |
Cornea | ||||
tHOA | 0.129 ± 0.040 | 0.032 | 0.088 | 0.682 (0.521-0.789) |
SA | 0.054 ± 0.020 | 0.015 | 0.042 | 0.689 (0.532-0.794) |
Coma | 0.073 ± 0.034 | 0.032 | 0.088 | 0.581 (0.365-0.723) |
Second Astig | 0.025 ± 0.012 | 0.013 | 0.036 | 0.401 (0.091-0.605) |
Trefoil | 0.071 ± 0.037 | 0.026 | 0.073 | 0.751 (0.624-0.835) |
Tetrafoil | 0.029 ± 0.013 | 0.014 | 0.039 | 0.435 (0.143-0.627) |
Internal | ||||
tHOA | 0.096 ± 0.026 | 0.022 | 0.062 | 0.638 (0.453-0.761) |
SA | −0.029 ± 0.028 | 0.014 | 0.038 | 0.878 (0.816-0.919) |
Coma | 0.053 ± 0.024 | 0.021 | 0.059 | 0.628 (0.436-0.754) |
Second Astig | 0.053 ± 0.024 | 0.021 | 0.059 | 0.628 (0.436-0.754) |
Trefoil | 0.047 ± 0.019 | 0.021 | 0.057 | 0.422 (0.123-0.618) |
Tetrafoil | 0.029 ± 0.012 | 0.016 | 0.045 | 0.107 (0.008-0.219) |
Aberrations | Mean ± SD (um) | Sw (um) | 2.77Sw (um) | ICC |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | ||||
tHOA | 0.162 ± 0.072 | 0.080 | 0.233 | 0.298(− 0.037-0.359) |
SA | 0.019 ± 0.032 | 0.038 | 0.104 | 0.325(− 0.018-0.553) |
Coma | 0.092 ± 0.050 | 0.044 | 0.122 | 0.616 (0.418-0.746) |
Second Astig | 0.035 ± 0.021 | 0.020 | 0.055 | 0.549 (0.321-0.701) |
Trefoil | 0.079 ± 0.043 | 0.035 | 0.098 | 0.624 (0.433-0.751) |
Cornea | ||||
tHOA | 0.127 ± 0.038 | 0.043 | 0.119 | 0.332 (0.016-0.550) |
SA | 0.040 ± 0.024 | 0.033 | 0.091 | 0.433 (0.158-0.577) |
Coma | 0.080 ± 0.034 | 0.038 | 0.104 | 0.371 (0.059-0.580) |
Second Astig | 0.029 ± 0.017 | 0.019 | 0.054 | 0.301 (0.321-0.701) |
Trefoil | 0.076 ± 0.035 | 0.041 | 0.113 | 0.335 (0.110-0.555) |
Internal | ||||
tHOA | 0.143 ± 0.049 | 0.042 | 0.117 | 0.628 (0.438-0.753) |
SA | −0.023 ± 0.042 | 0.036 | 0.101 | 0.621 (0.428-0.749) |
Coma | 0.084 ± 0.038 | 0.046 | 0.128 | 0.246(−0.142-0.502) |
Second Astig | 0.042 ± 0.032 | 0.013 | 0.035 | 0.243(−0.150-0.501) |
Trefoil | 0.074 ± 0.037 | 0.036 | 0.101 | 0.526 (0.282-0.686) |
Comparison of the HOA measurements obtained with Topcon KR-1 W and iTrace
Aberrations | Mean Difference ± SD | 95% CI |
t
| P value* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ocular | ||||
tHOA | −0.060 ± 0.118 | −0.084 to − 0.036 | −4.884 | < 0.001 |
SA | 0.003 ± 0.049 | −0.007 to 0.014 | 0.644 | 0.522 |
Coma | −0.023 ± 0.058 | −0.035 to − 0.011 | −3.767 | < 0.001 |
Second Astig | − 0.010 ± 0.025 | − 0.016 to − 0.005 | −3.913 | < 0.001 |
Trefoil | − 0.017 ± 0.046 | −0.027 to − 0.008 | −3.602 | < 0.001 |
Cornea | ||||
tHOA | −0.047 ± 0.118 | −0.071 to − 0.022 | −3.801 | < 0.001 |
SA | 0.033 ± 0.049 | 0.024 to 0.043 | 6.760 | < 0.001 |
Coma | −0.013 ± 0.056 | −0.024 to − 0.001 | −2.179 | 0.032 |
Second Astig | −0.008 ± 0.027 | − 0.013 to − 0.002 | −2.748 | 0.007 |
Trefoil | − 0.009 ± 0.056 | −0.021 to 0.002 | −1.573 | 0.119 |
Internal | ||||
tHOA | −0.042 ± 0.053 | −0.054 to − 0.031 | −7.589 | < 0.001 |
SA | − 0.010 ± 0.053 | − 0.021 to 0.001 | − 1.813 | 0.007 |
Coma | − 0.009 ± 0.064 | − 0.022 to − 0.005 | −1.285 | 0.202 |
Second Astig | 0.012 ± 0.048 | 0.002 to − 0.022 | 2.343 | 0.021 |
Trefoil | −0.030 ± 0.046 | −0.039 to − 0.020 | −6.202 | < 0.001 |