Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Community Mental Health Journal 1/2017

21.08.2015 | Original Paper

Predictors of Outreach Meetings Among Substance Using Homeless Youth

verfasst von: Jasmin Carmona, Natasha Slesnick, Xiamei Guo, Aaron Murnan, Brittany Brakenhoff

Erschienen in: Community Mental Health Journal | Ausgabe 1/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Homeless youth have high rates of substance use and often lack connection to social services. Outreach is critical for connecting youth to services, but factors influencing their outreach engagement are unknown. This study examined predictors of meetings with outreach workers among 79 non-service connected, substance using homeless youth between 14 and 24 years of age. Results provide direction to service providers in that older age, higher levels of depressive symptoms, fewer drug-related problems, and no use of hard drugs within the prior 30 days predicted higher meeting attendance. Future research is needed testing strategies that overcome barriers to outreach engagement.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). BDI-II, Beck depression inventory: Manual (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Harcourt Brace. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). BDI-II, Beck depression inventory: Manual (2nd ed.). Boston, MA: Harcourt Brace.
Zurück zum Zitat De Rosa, C. J., Montgomery, S. B., Kipke, M. D., Iverson, E., Ma, J. L., & Unger, J. B. (1999). Service utilization among homeless and runaway youth in Los Angeles, California: Rates and reasons. Adolescent Health, 24(6), 449–458.CrossRef De Rosa, C. J., Montgomery, S. B., Kipke, M. D., Iverson, E., Ma, J. L., & Unger, J. B. (1999). Service utilization among homeless and runaway youth in Los Angeles, California: Rates and reasons. Adolescent Health, 24(6), 449–458.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Drake, R. E., McHugo, G. J., & Biesanz, J. C. (1995). The test-retest reliability of standardized instruments among homeless persons with substance use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 56(2), 161–167.CrossRefPubMed Drake, R. E., McHugo, G. J., & Biesanz, J. C. (1995). The test-retest reliability of standardized instruments among homeless persons with substance use disorders. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 56(2), 161–167.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Everson, M. D., Smith, J. B., Hussey, J. M., English, D., Litrownik, A. J., Dubowitz, H., et al. (2008). Concordance between adolescent reports of childhood abuse and child protective service determinations in an at-risk sample of young adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 13, 14–26. doi:10.1177/1077559507307837.CrossRefPubMed Everson, M. D., Smith, J. B., Hussey, J. M., English, D., Litrownik, A. J., Dubowitz, H., et al. (2008). Concordance between adolescent reports of childhood abuse and child protective service determinations in an at-risk sample of young adolescents. Child Maltreatment, 13, 14–26. doi:10.​1177/​1077559507307837​.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Fisk, D., Rakfeldt, J., & McCormack, E. (2006). Assertive outreach: An effective strategy for engaging homeless persons with substance use disorders into treatment. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 32, 479–486. doi:10.1080/00952990600754006.CrossRefPubMed Fisk, D., Rakfeldt, J., & McCormack, E. (2006). Assertive outreach: An effective strategy for engaging homeless persons with substance use disorders into treatment. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 32, 479–486. doi:10.​1080/​0095299060075400​6.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Gaetz, S. (2004). Safe streets for whom? Homeless youth, social exclusion, and criminal victimization. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 46, 423–455.CrossRef Gaetz, S. (2004). Safe streets for whom? Homeless youth, social exclusion, and criminal victimization. Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 46, 423–455.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gangamma, R., Slesnick, N., Toviessi, P., & Serovich, J. (2008). Comparison of HIV risks among gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual homeless youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(4), 456–464.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Gangamma, R., Slesnick, N., Toviessi, P., & Serovich, J. (2008). Comparison of HIV risks among gay, lesbian, bisexual and heterosexual homeless youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(4), 456–464.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Goering, P., Wasylenki, D., Lindsay, S., Lemire, D., & Rhodes, A. (1997). Process and outcome in a hostel outreach program for homeless clients with severe mental illness. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 67, 607–617. doi:10.1037/h0080258.CrossRefPubMed Goering, P., Wasylenki, D., Lindsay, S., Lemire, D., & Rhodes, A. (1997). Process and outcome in a hostel outreach program for homeless clients with severe mental illness. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 67, 607–617. doi:10.​1037/​h0080258.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Gonzalez, G., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2002). Outcomes and service use among homeless persons with serious mental illness and substance abuse. Psychiatric Services, 53(4), 437–446.CrossRefPubMed Gonzalez, G., & Rosenheck, R. A. (2002). Outcomes and service use among homeless persons with serious mental illness and substance abuse. Psychiatric Services, 53(4), 437–446.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Henskens, R., Garretsen, H., Bongers, I., Van, D. A., & Sturmans, F. (2008). Effectiveness of an outreach treatment program for inner city crack abusers: Compliance, outcome, and client satisfaction. Substance Use and Misuse, 43(10), 1464–1475. doi:10.1080/10826080500391613.CrossRefPubMed Henskens, R., Garretsen, H., Bongers, I., Van, D. A., & Sturmans, F. (2008). Effectiveness of an outreach treatment program for inner city crack abusers: Compliance, outcome, and client satisfaction. Substance Use and Misuse, 43(10), 1464–1475. doi:10.​1080/​1082608050039161​3.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Hwang, S. W., Tolomiczenko, G., Kouyoumdjian, F. G., & Garner, R. E. (2005). Interventions to improve the health of the homeless: A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 29, 311.e1–311.e75. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.06.017.CrossRef Hwang, S. W., Tolomiczenko, G., Kouyoumdjian, F. G., & Garner, R. E. (2005). Interventions to improve the health of the homeless: A systematic review. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 29, 311.e1–311.e75. doi:10.​1016/​j.​amepre.​2005.​06.​017.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jané-Llopis, E., & Matytsina, I. (2006). Mental health and alcohol, drugs and tobacco: A review of the comorbidity between mental disorders and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. Drug and Alcohol Review, 25(6), 515–536. doi:10.1080/09595230600944461.CrossRefPubMed Jané-Llopis, E., & Matytsina, I. (2006). Mental health and alcohol, drugs and tobacco: A review of the comorbidity between mental disorders and the use of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs. Drug and Alcohol Review, 25(6), 515–536. doi:10.​1080/​0959523060094446​1.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Johnsen, M., Samberg, L., Calsyn, R., Blasinsky, M., Landow, W., & Goldman, H. (1999). Case management models for persons who are homeless and mentally ill: The ACCESS demonstration project. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 325–346.CrossRefPubMed Johnsen, M., Samberg, L., Calsyn, R., Blasinsky, M., Landow, W., & Goldman, H. (1999). Case management models for persons who are homeless and mentally ill: The ACCESS demonstration project. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 325–346.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kidd, S. A., Miner, S., Walker, D., & Davidson, L. (2007). Stories of working with homeless youth: On being “mind-boggling”. Children and Youth Services Review, 29, 16–34. doi:10.1300/J137v13n02_04.CrossRef Kidd, S. A., Miner, S., Walker, D., & Davidson, L. (2007). Stories of working with homeless youth: On being “mind-boggling”. Children and Youth Services Review, 29, 16–34. doi:10.​1300/​J137v13n02_​04.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kryda, A. D., & Compton, M. T. (2009). Mistrust of outreach workers and lack of confidence in available services among individuals who are chronically street homeless. Community Mental Health Journal, 45, 144–150. doi:10.1007/s10597-008-9163-6.CrossRefPubMed Kryda, A. D., & Compton, M. T. (2009). Mistrust of outreach workers and lack of confidence in available services among individuals who are chronically street homeless. Community Mental Health Journal, 45, 144–150. doi:10.​1007/​s10597-008-9163-6.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lam, J. A., & Rosenheck, R. (1999). Street outreach for homeless persons with serious mental illness: Is it effective? Medical Care, 37, 894–907.CrossRefPubMed Lam, J. A., & Rosenheck, R. (1999). Street outreach for homeless persons with serious mental illness: Is it effective? Medical Care, 37, 894–907.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act of 2002, 11431 et. seq., 42 U.S.C. (2002). McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act of 2002, 11431 et. seq., 42 U.S.C. (2002).
Zurück zum Zitat McLellan, A. T., Kushner, H., Metzger, D., Peters, R., Smith, I., Grissom, G., et al. (1992). The fifth edition of the Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 9, 199–213.CrossRefPubMed McLellan, A. T., Kushner, H., Metzger, D., Peters, R., Smith, I., Grissom, G., et al. (1992). The fifth edition of the Addiction Severity Index. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 9, 199–213.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Nuttbrock, L., Rosenblum, A., Magura, S., & Mcquistion, H. (2003). Broadening perspectives on mobile medical outreach to homeless people. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 14, 5–16. doi:10.1177/1049208902238819.CrossRefPubMed Nuttbrock, L., Rosenblum, A., Magura, S., & Mcquistion, H. (2003). Broadening perspectives on mobile medical outreach to homeless people. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 14, 5–16. doi:10.​1177/​1049208902238819​.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Quimby, E. G., Edidin, J. P., Ganim, Z., Gustafson, E., Hunter, S. J., & Karnik, N. S. (2012). Psychiatric disorders and substance use in homeless youth: A preliminary comparison of San Francisco and Chicago. Behavioral Sciences, 2, 186–194. doi:10.3390/bs2030186.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Quimby, E. G., Edidin, J. P., Ganim, Z., Gustafson, E., Hunter, S. J., & Karnik, N. S. (2012). Psychiatric disorders and substance use in homeless youth: A preliminary comparison of San Francisco and Chicago. Behavioral Sciences, 2, 186–194. doi:10.​3390/​bs2030186.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Rapp, C. A. (1993). Theory, principles and methods of the strengths model of case management. In M. Harris & H. C. Bergman (Eds.), Case management for mentally ill patients: Theory and practice (pp. 143–164). Langhorne, PA: Harwood Academic Publishers. Rapp, C. A. (1993). Theory, principles and methods of the strengths model of case management. In M. Harris & H. C. Bergman (Eds.), Case management for mentally ill patients: Theory and practice (pp. 143–164). Langhorne, PA: Harwood Academic Publishers.
Zurück zum Zitat Rosenheck, R. A., & Lam, J. (1997). Homeless mentally ill clients’ and providers’ perceptions of service needs and clients’ use of services. Psychiatric Services, 48(3), 381–386.CrossRefPubMed Rosenheck, R. A., & Lam, J. (1997). Homeless mentally ill clients’ and providers’ perceptions of service needs and clients’ use of services. Psychiatric Services, 48(3), 381–386.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Shepard, B. (2007). Harm reduction outreach services and engagement of chemically dependent homeless people living with HIV/AIDS: An analysis of service utilization data to evaluate program theory. Einstein Journal of Biology and Medicine, 23, 26–32. Shepard, B. (2007). Harm reduction outreach services and engagement of chemically dependent homeless people living with HIV/AIDS: An analysis of service utilization data to evaluate program theory. Einstein Journal of Biology and Medicine, 23, 26–32.
Zurück zum Zitat Spoth, R., Trudeau, L., Guyll, M., Shin, C., & Redmond, C. (2009). Universal intervention effects on substance use among young adults mediated by delayed adolescent substance initiation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 620–632. doi:10.1037/a0016029.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Spoth, R., Trudeau, L., Guyll, M., Shin, C., & Redmond, C. (2009). Universal intervention effects on substance use among young adults mediated by delayed adolescent substance initiation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 620–632. doi:10.​1037/​a0016029.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Tyler, K. A., & Melander, L. A. (2012). Poor parenting and antisocial behavior among homeless young adults: Links to dating violence perpetration and victimization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27, 1357–1373. doi:10.1177/0886260511425244.CrossRefPubMed Tyler, K. A., & Melander, L. A. (2012). Poor parenting and antisocial behavior among homeless young adults: Links to dating violence perpetration and victimization. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 27, 1357–1373. doi:10.​1177/​0886260511425244​.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Van Leeuwen, J. M., Hopfer, C., Hooks, S., White, R., Petersen, J., & Pirkopf, J. (2004). A snapshot of substance abuse among homeless and runaway youth in Denver, Colorado. Journal of Community Health, 29, 217–229.CrossRefPubMed Van Leeuwen, J. M., Hopfer, C., Hooks, S., White, R., Petersen, J., & Pirkopf, J. (2004). A snapshot of substance abuse among homeless and runaway youth in Denver, Colorado. Journal of Community Health, 29, 217–229.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Whitbeck, L. B., Chen, X., Hoyt, D. R., Tyler, K. A., & Johnson, K. D. (2004). Mental disorder, subsistence strategies, and victimization among gay, lesbian, and bisexual homeless and runaway adolescents. Journal of Sex Research, 41, 329–342.CrossRefPubMed Whitbeck, L. B., Chen, X., Hoyt, D. R., Tyler, K. A., & Johnson, K. D. (2004). Mental disorder, subsistence strategies, and victimization among gay, lesbian, and bisexual homeless and runaway adolescents. Journal of Sex Research, 41, 329–342.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Zanis, D. A., McLellan, A. T., Cnaan, R. A., & Randall, M. (1994). Reliability and validity of the Addiction Severity Index with a homeless sample. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 11(6), 541–548. doi:10.1016/0740-(94)90005-1.CrossRefPubMed Zanis, D. A., McLellan, A. T., Cnaan, R. A., & Randall, M. (1994). Reliability and validity of the Addiction Severity Index with a homeless sample. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 11(6), 541–548. doi:10.​1016/​0740-(94)90005-1.CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Predictors of Outreach Meetings Among Substance Using Homeless Youth
verfasst von
Jasmin Carmona
Natasha Slesnick
Xiamei Guo
Aaron Murnan
Brittany Brakenhoff
Publikationsdatum
21.08.2015
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Community Mental Health Journal / Ausgabe 1/2017
Print ISSN: 0010-3853
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2789
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10597-015-9919-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2017

Community Mental Health Journal 1/2017 Zur Ausgabe

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.