Background
Methods
Patients
Clinical and pathological evaluation
Patients follow-up
Statistical analyses
Results
Patient and tumour characteristics
Characteristic | Case (n = 82) |
---|---|
Age in years | |
> 45 | 21 |
≤ 45 | 61 |
Sex | |
Male | 33 |
Female | 49 |
Tumour size, cm | 5.94 ± 2.65 |
Location | |
Left | 31 |
Right | 51 |
Symptoms | |
Asymptomatic | 48 |
Symptomatic | 34 |
Fuhrman grade | |
1 to 2 | 32 |
3 to 4 | 50 |
TNM stage | |
I to II | 49 |
III to IV | 33 |
pT status | |
T1 to T2 | 64 |
T3 to T4 | 18 |
pN status | |
N0 | 59 |
N1 | 23 |
pM status | |
M0 | 78 |
M1 | 4 |
Surgical treatment | |
Radical | 55 |
Partial | 27 |
Tumour thrombus | |
Negative | 72 |
Positive | 10 |
Optimal cut-off values of inflammatory parameters based on ROC analysis
Association of the preoperative NLR and clinicopathological characteristics
Characteristic | N (%) | NLR > 2.45 (n = 40) | NLR ≤ 2.45 (n = 42) |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | 0.004 | |||
> 45 | 21 (25.6%) | 16 (40.0%) | 5 (11.9%) | |
≤ 45 | 61 (74.4%) | 24 (60.0%) | 37 (88.1%) | |
Sex | 0.345 | |||
Male | 33 (40.2%) | 14 (35.0%) | 19 (45.2%) | |
Female | 49 (59.8%) | 26 (65.0%) | 23 (54.8%) | |
Tumour size | 5.94 ± 2.65 | 7.0 ± 3.0 | 4.0 ± 1.1 | < 0.001 |
Location | 0.377 | |||
Left | 31 (37.8%) | 18 (45.0%) | 23 (54.8%) | |
Right | 51 (62.2%) | 22 (55.0%) | 19 (45.2%) | |
Symptoms | 0.477 | |||
Asymptomatic | 48 (58.5%) | 25 (62.5%) | 23 (54.8%) | |
Symptomatic | 34 (41.5) | 15 (37.5%) | 19 (45.2%) | |
Fuhrman grade | 0.011 | |||
1 to 2 | 32 (39.0%) | 10 (25%) | 22 (52.4%) | |
3 to 4 | 50 (61.0%) | 30 (75%) | 20 (47.6%) | |
TNM stage | < 0.001 | |||
I-II | 49 (59.8%) | 14 (35.0%) | 35 (83.3%) | |
III-IV | 33 (40.2%) | 26 (65.0%) | 7 (16.7%) | |
pT status | 0.001 | |||
T1-T2 | 64 (78.0%) | 25 (62.5%) | 39 (92.9%) | |
T3-T4 | 18 (22.0%) | 15 (37.5%) | 3 (7.1%) | |
pN status | < 0.001 | |||
N0 | 59 (72.0%) | 21 (52.5%) | 38 (90.5%) | |
N1 | 23 (28.0%) | 19 (47.5%) | 4 (9.5%) | |
pM status | 0.112 | |||
M0 | 78 (95.1%) | 36 (90.0%) | 42 (100.0%) | |
M1 | 4 (4.9%) | 4 (10.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Surgical treatment | 0.307 | |||
Radical | 55 (67.1%) | 29 (72.5%) | 26 (61.9%) | |
Partial | 27 (32.9) | 11 (27.5) | 16 (38.1%) | |
Tumour thrombus | 0.014 | |||
Negative | 72 (87.8%) | 31 (77.5%) | 41 (97.6%) | |
Positive | 10 (12.2%) | 9 (22.5%) | 1 (2.4%) | |
CRP/Alb | < 0.001 | |||
≤ 0.083 | 44 (53.7%) | 13 (32.5%) | 31 (73.8%) | |
> 0.083 | 38 (46.3%) | 27 (67.5%) | 11 (26.2%) | |
PLR | 0.001 | |||
≤ 140 | 46 (56.1%) | 15 (37.5%) | 31 (73.8%) | |
> 140 | 36 (43.9%) | 25 (62.5%) | 11 (26.2%) | |
LDH | 0.014 | |||
Normal | 68 (82.9%) | 29 (72.5%) | 39 (92.9%) | |
Elevated | 14 (17.1%) | 11 (27.5%) | 3 (7.1%) | |
Proteinuria | 0.013 | |||
No | 63 (76.8%) | 26 (65.0%) | 37 (88.1%) | |
Yes | 19 (23.2%) | 14 (35.0%) | 5 (11.9%) |
Characteristic | N (%) | CRP/Alb> 0.083(n = 39) | CRP/Alb≤0.083(n = 43) |
P
| PLR > 140 (n = 36) | PLR ≤ 140 (n = 46) |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age in years | 0.011 | 0.015 | |||||
> 45 | 21 (25.6%) | 15 (38.5%) | 6 (14.0%) | 14 (38.9%) | 7 (15.2%) | ||
≤ 45 | 61 (74.4%) | 24 (61.5%) | 37 (86.0%) | 22 (61.1%) | 39 (84.8%) | ||
Sex | 0.224 | 0.113 | |||||
Male | 33(40.2%) | 13(33.3%) | 20(46.5%) | 11 (30.6%) | 22 (47.8%) | ||
Female | 49(59.8%) | 26(66.7%) | 23(53.5%) | 25 (69.4%) | 24 (52.2%) | ||
Tumor size | 5.94 ± 2.65 | 6.7 ± 3.0 | 4.8 ± 2.1 | 0.035 | 7.4 ± 3.1 | 4.1 ± 1.2 | < 0.001 |
Location | 0.052 | 0.858 | |||||
Left | 31(37.8%) | 19 (48.7%) | 12 (27.9%) | 14 (38.9%) | 17 (37.0%) | ||
Right | 51(62.2%) | 20 (51.3%) | 31 (72.1%) | 22 (61.1%) | 29 (63.0%) | ||
Symptoms | 0.412 | 0.165 | |||||
Asymptomatic | 48 (58.5%) | 21 (53.8%) | 27 (62.8%) | 18 (50.0%) | 30 (65.2%) | ||
Symptomatic | 34 (41.5%) | 18 (46.2%) | 16 (37.2%) | 18 (50.0%) | 16 (34.8%) | ||
Fuhrman grade | 0.018 | 0.006 | |||||
1 to 2 | 32 (39.0%) | 10 (25.6%) | 22 (51.2%) | 8 (22.2%) | 24 (52.2%) | ||
3 to 4 | 50 (61.0%) | 29 (74.4%) | 21 (48.8%) | 28 (77.8%) | 22 (47.8%) | ||
TNM stage | 0.004 | < 0.001 | |||||
I-II | 49 (59.8%) | 17 (43.6%) | 32 (74.4%) | 12 (33.3%) | 37 (80.4%) | ||
III-IV | 33 (40.2%) | 22 (56.4%) | 11 (25.6%) | 24 (66.7%) | 9 (19.6%) | ||
pT status | 0.018 | 0.006 | |||||
T1-T2 | 64 (78.0%) | 26 (66.7%) | 38 (88.4%) | 22 (61.1%) | 42 (91.3%) | ||
T3-T4 | 18 (22.0%) | 13 (33.3%) | 5 (11.6%) | 14 (38.9%) | 4 (8.7%) | ||
pN status | 0.003 | 0.003 | |||||
N0 | 59 (72.0%) | 22 (56.4%) | 37 (86.0%) | 20 (55.6%) | 39 (84.8%) | ||
N1 | 23 (28.0%) | 17 (43.6%) | 6 (14.0%) | 16 (44.4%) | 7 (15.2%) | ||
pM status | 0.101 | 0.199 | |||||
M0 | 78 (95.1%) | 35 (89.7%) | 43 (100.0%) | 33 (91.7%) | 45 (97.8%) | ||
M1 | 4 (4.9%) | 4 (10.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (8.3%) | 1 (2.2%) | ||
Surgical treatment | 0.502 | 0.686 | |||||
Radical | 55 (67.1%) | 23 (59.0%) | 22 (51.2%) | 25 (69.4%) | 30 (65.2%) | ||
Partial | 27 (32.9) | 16 (41.0%) | 11 (48.8%) | 11 (30.6%) | 16 (34.8%) | ||
Tumour thrombus | 0.011 | 0.001 | |||||
Negative | 72 (87.8%) | 30 (76.9%) | 42 (97.7%) | 26 (72.2%) | 46 (100.0%) | ||
Positive | 10 (12.2%) | 9 (23.1%) | 1 (2.3%) | 10 (27.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
CRP/Alb | – | < 0.001 | |||||
≤ 0.083 | 44 (53.7%) | – | – | 11 (30.6%) | 33 (71.7%) | ||
> 0.083 | 38 (46.3%) | – | – | 25 (69.4%) | 13 (28.3%) | ||
PLR | 0.009 | – | |||||
≤ 140 | 46(56.1%) | 16 (41.0%) | 30 (69.8%) | – | – | ||
> 140 | 36(43.9%) | 23 (59.0%) | 13 (30.2%) | – | – | ||
LDH | 0.011 | 0.023 | |||||
Normal | 68(82.9%) | 28 (71.8%) | 40 (93.0%) | 26 (72.2%) | 42 (91.3%) | ||
Elevated | 14(17.1%) | 11 (28.2%) | 3 (7.0%) | 10 (27.8%) | 4 (8.7%) | ||
Proteinuria | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 63(76.8%) | 22 (56.4%) | 41 (95.3%) | 20 (55.6%) | 43 (93.5%) | ||
Yes | 19 (23.2%) | 17 (43.6%) | 2 (4.7%) | 16 (44.4%) | 3 (6.5%) |
Univariate and multivariate analyses for both DFS and OS
Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) |
P
| HR (95% CI) |
P
| |
Age (> 45) | 2.34 (1.03 to 5.30) |
0.043
| 6.25 (1.78 to 21.97) |
0.004
|
Symptoms (yes) | 1.06 (0.51 to 2.19) | 0.885 | ||
Gender (male) | 0.76 (0.36 to 1.64) | 0.490 | ||
Fuhrman Grade (G3–G4) | 5.24 (2.12 to 12.96) |
< 0.001
| 1.83 (0.64 to 5.24) | 0.261 |
pT status (T3-T4) | 6.48 (2.96 to 14.19) |
< 0.001
| 6.84 (2.35 to 19.90) |
< 0.001
|
pN status (N1) | 5.21 (2.52 to 10.77) |
< 0.001
| 3.40 (1.22 to 9.43) |
0.019
|
Tumour thrombus (yes) | 12.47 (4.81 to 32.34) |
< 0.001
| 2.90 (0.73 to 11.48) | 0.129 |
NLR (> 2.45) | 4.98 (2.12 to 11.66) |
< 0.001
| 4.25 (1.19 to 15.18) |
0.026
|
CRP/Alb (> 0.083) | 2.90 (1.37 to 6.13) |
0.005
| 1.40 (0.43 to 4.54) | 0.574 |
PLR (> 140) | 3.76 (1.74 to 8.13) |
0.001
| 1.36 (0.47 to 3.72) | 0.598 |
Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) |
P
| HR (95% CI) |
P
| |
Age (> 45 years) | 4.90(1.44 to 16.69) |
0.011
| 26.56 (1.85 to 380.7) |
0.016
|
Symptoms (yes) | 2.04 (0.70 to 5.93) | 0.189 | ||
Gender (male) | 2.14 (0.48 to 9.63) | 0.320 | ||
Fuhrman Grade (G3–G4) | 1.92 (1.04 to 3.55) |
0.037
| 0.30 (0.07 to 1.28) | 0.103 |
pT status (T3-T4) | 2.21 (1.24 to 3.95) |
0.007
| 1.82 (0.70 to 4.70) | 0.217 |
pN status (N1) | 6.22 (2.06 to 18.82) |
0.001
| 2.03 (0.20 to 20.45) | 0.547 |
Tumour thrombus (yes) | 22.32 (6.76 to 73.72) |
< 0.001
| 47.40 (2.92 to 769.9) |
0.007
|
NLR (> 2.45) | 4.46 (1.33 to 14.97) |
0.016
| 26.26 (1.44 to 480.3) |
0.028
|
CRP/Alb (> 0.083) | 23.51(2.90 to 190.51) |
0.003
| 6.65 (0.35 to 127.0) | 0.208 |
PLR (> 140) | 4.30 (1.34 to 13.82) |
0.014
| 0.14 (0.01 to 1.67) | 0.120 |