Introduction
Patients and methods
Patients
Data acquisition
Tumour segmentation
Feature extraction
Statistical analysis
Results
Clinical characteristics
Characteristic | Training Set (n = 97) | Test Set (n = 97) | Whole Set (n = 194) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (yr, mean ± std) | 47.82 ± 12.46 | 46.22 ± 12.37 | 47.02 ± 12.41 | 0.559 |
Gender (No.) | 0.727 | |||
Male | 46 (47.42%) | 50 (51.55%) | 96 (49.48%) | |
Female | 51 (52.58%) | 47 (48.45%) | 98 (50.52%) | |
Tumour Volume (cm3, mean ± std) | 14.03 ± 16.87 | 11.59 ± 8.76 | 12.81 ± 13.46 | 0.378 |
Knosp Grade (No.) | 0.213 | |||
Grade 2 | 37 (38.14%) | 52 (53.61%) | 89 (45.88%) | |
Grade 3 | 60 (61.86%) | 45 (46.39%) | 105 (54.12%) | |
Haemorrhage (No.) | 0.830 | |||
Yes | 12 (12.37%) | 13 (13.40%) | 25 (12.89%) | |
No | 85 (87.63%) | 84 (86.60%) | 169 (87.11 %) | |
Tumour Diameter (cm, mean ± std) | 3.27 ± 0.97 | 3.01 ± 0.83 | 3.14 ± 0.91 | 0.213 |
Suprasellar Invasion (No.) | 0.378 | |||
Yes | 64 (65.98%) | 55 (56.70%) | 119 (61.34%) | |
No | 33 (34.02%) | 42 (43.30%) | 75 (38.66%) | |
Periarterial Enhancement (No.) | 0.830 | |||
Yes | 43 (44.33%) | 45 (46.39%) | 88 (45.36%) | |
No | 54 (55.67%) | 52 (53.61%) | 106 (54.64%) | |
ICV obliteration (No.) | 0.378 | |||
Yes | 30 (30.93%) | 21 (21.65%) | 51 (26.29%) | |
No | 67 (69.07%) | 76 (78.35%) | 143 (73.71%) |
Feature selection
MR Image | Selected features |
---|---|
CE-T1 MRI | Sphericity; Minimum_HL; ICA Wrapped Degree |
T2 MRI | Sphericity |
CE-T1&T2 MRI | Sphericity (CE-T1); Minimum_HL (CE-T1); ICA Wrapped Degree (CE-T1); Low Grey Level Run Emphasis_HH_135° (T2) |
Radiomics model development and validation
Model | Performance | AUC (95% CI) | ACC | SEN | SPE | p value | Cut-off |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinico-radiological | Training set | 0.846 (0.831–0.861) | 0.763 | 0.765 | 0.761 | 1.25E-9 | 0.472 |
Test set | 0.828 (0.812–0.844) | 0.773 | 0.823 | 0.686 | 1.63E-8 | 0.472 | |
CE-T1 | Training set | 0.852 (0.837–0.868) | 0.753 | 0.851 | 0.660 | 2.33E-9 | 0.266 |
Test set | 0.826 (0.804–0.844) |
0.804
| 0.800 |
0.807
| 1.07E-7 | 0.266 | |
T2 | Training set | 0.768 (0.748–0.787) | 0.711 | 0.809 | 0.620 | 5.71E-6 | -0.091 |
Test set | 0.733 (0.712–0.754) | 0.680 | 0.629 | 0.710 | 1.46E-4 | -0.091 | |
CE-T1+T2 | Training set | 0.869 (0.855–0.884) | 0.753 | 0.851 | 0.660 | 3.80E-10 | 0.134 |
Test set | 0.803 (0.784–0.821) | 0.791 | 0.771 | 0.790 | 8.16E-7 | 0.134 | |
Nomogram | Training set Test set | 0.899 (0.887–0.911) 0.871 (0.857–0.885) | 0.814 0.794 | 0.936
0.857
| 0.700 0.758 | 1.31E-11
1.51E-9
| -0.732 -0.732 |
Clinico-radiological model development and validation
Characteristic | Training Set (n = 97) | p-value | Test Set (n = 97) | p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Invasion | Non-Invasion | Invasion | Non-Invasion | |||
Age (yr, mean ± std) | 48.09 ± 13.57 | 47.58 ± 11.45 | 0.960 | 44.17 ± 13.03 | 47.37 ± 11.93 | 0.293 |
Gender (No.) | 0.1146 | 0.986 | ||||
Male | 18 (38.3%) | 28 (56.0%) | 18 (51.4%) | 32 (51.6%) | ||
Female | 29 (61.7%) | 22 (44.0%) | 17 (48.6%) | 30 (48.4%) | ||
Knosp Grade(No.) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Grade 2 | 7 (14.9%) | 30 (60.0%) | 6 (17.1%) | 46 (74.2%) | ||
Grade 3 | 40 (85.1%) | 20 (40.0%) | 29 (82.9%) | 16 (25.8%) | ||
Tumour Volume (cm3, mean ± std) | 13.79 ± 10.58 | 14.26 ± 21.26 | 0.960 | 14.10 ± 9.66 | 10.17 ± 7.94 | 0.053 |
Haemorrhage (No.) | 0.064 | 0.051 | ||||
Yes | 2 (4.3%) | 10 (20.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 12 (19.4%) | ||
No | 45 (95.7%) | 40 (80.0%) | 34 (97.1%) | 50 (80.6%) | ||
Tumour Diameter (cm, mean ± std) | 3.27 ± 0.85 | 3.261.07 | 0.960 | 3.38 ± 0.92 | 2.81 ± 0.71 | 0.005 |
Suprasellar Invasion (No.) | 0.700 | |||||
Yes | 32 (68.1%) | 32 (64.0%) | 21 (60.0%) | 34 (54.8%) | ||
No | 15 (31.9%) | 18 (36.0%) | 0.960 | 14 (40.0%) | 28(45.2%) | |
Periarterial Enhancement (No.) | < 0.001 | 0.006 | ||||
Yes | 10 (21.3%) | 33 (66.0%) | 9 (25.7%) | 36 (58.1%) | ||
No | 37 (78.8%) | 17 (34.0%) | 26 (74.3%) | 26 (41.9%) | ||
ICV obliteration (No.) | < 0.001 | 0.012 | ||||
Yes | 23 (48.9%) | 7 (14.0%) | 13 (37.1%) | 8 (12.9%) | ||
No | 24 (51.1%) | 43 (86.0%) | 22 (62.9%) | 54 (87.1%) |