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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2023; 83(10): 1250-1262
DOI: 10.1055/a-2159-7510
GebFra Science
Original Article

Registry Study of the Working Group on Cervical Pathology and Colposcopy (AGCPC) on the Diagnostic Algorithm for the New Cervical Cancer Screening – Initial Data

Article in several languages: English | deutsch
Melanie Henes
1   Department für Frauengesundheit Tübingen, Universitätsfrauenklinik, Tübingen, Germany
,
Ellen Mann
2   Universitätsfrauenklinik und Poliklinik am Klinikum Südstadt Rostock, Rostock, Germany
,
Christine Hirchenhain
3   Klinik und Poliklinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN39063)
,
Emanuel Bauer
4   amedes MVZ für Gynäkologie und Pathologie München, München, Germany
,
Alexander Kentner
5   Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Erfurt, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN549894)
,
Jens Quaas
6   Facharztpraxis für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Hansestadt Stralsund, Germany
,
Christopher Koßagk
7   Gynäkologisches Versorgungszentrum Kreuzberg MVZ/Köpenick, Berlin, Germany
,
Julia Gallwas
8   Klinik für Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Georg-August-Universität, Göttingen, Germany (Ringgold ID: RIN84922)
,
Leon Henes
1   Department für Frauengesundheit Tübingen, Universitätsfrauenklinik, Tübingen, Germany
,
Antonia Schumacher
1   Department für Frauengesundheit Tübingen, Universitätsfrauenklinik, Tübingen, Germany
,
Volkmar Küppers 
9   Zytologisches Labor, Facharztpraxis für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Düsseldorf, Germany
› Author Affiliations TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number (trial ID): DRKS00024931, Trial registry: DRKS - Deutsches Register Klinischer Studien, Type of Study:
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Abstract

Introduction

For the first time since 1971, new regulations were introduced for cervical cancer screening as an organized cancer screening guideline (oKFE-RL) starting 1 January 2020. From the age of 20, a cytological smear test is performed annually, and from the age of 35, so-called co-testing (cytology and test for high-risk HPVs) is performed every three years. In case of abnormalities, the algorithm is used as the basis for investigation. According to this diagnostic algorithm, even so-called low-risk groups receive early colposcopic evaluation. This approach has been heavily debated and serves as the basis for this registry study.

Methods

All patients who presented to the centers for a colposcopy as part of the diagnostic algorithm were included after signing an informed consent form. The following findings were obtained: Medical history, colposcopy, histology, and cytology findings, as well as possible therapies and their findings. The aim was to evaluate the frequency of the target lesions cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+/CIN 3+ in the respective groups.

Result

A total of 4763 patients were enrolled in the study from July 2020 to October 2022. As a referral diagnosis, HPV persistence (HPV: human papillomavirus) with group I was determined in 23.9% (1139), HPV persistence with group II-a in 2.1% (100), II-p (ASC-US) in 11.2% (535), and II-g (AGC endocervical NOS) in 1.3% (64). III-p (ASC-H) and III-g (AGC endocervical favor neoplastic) were found in 9.4% (447) and 2.2% (107), respectively, IIID1 (LSIL) in 19% (906), IIID2 (HSIL, moderate dysplasia) in 18.9% (898), IVa-p (HSIL, severe dysplasia) in 10.7% (508), IVa-g (AIS) in 0.7% (31), IVb-p (HSIL with features suspicious for invasion) and IVb-g (AIS with features suspicious for invasion) in 0.3% (15), 0.1% (6), and 7 with suspected invasion V-p (squamous cell carcinoma)/V-g (endocervical adenocarcinoma) (0.1%). In the IVa-p group (HSIL, severe dysplasia), 67.7% had CIN 2+ and 56.5% had CIN 3+, adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), and adenocarcinoma. If the histology of the excised tissue specifically based on the colposcope findings was also evaluated, CIN 2+ was found in 79.7% of cases, and CIN 3+ in 67.3% of cases. In IIID2 (HSIL, moderate dysplasia), CIN 2+ was detected in 50.9%, and CIN 3+/AIS in 28.3%. After evaluating patients who underwent surgery immediately, this increased to 53.0% for CIN 2+ and 29.3% for CIN 3+/AIS. In IIID1 (LSIL), CIN 2+ was detected in 27.4% and CIN 3+/AIS in 11.7%, and in II-p (ASC-US), CIN 2+ was detected in 23.4% and CIN 3+ and AIS in 10.8%, and in II-g (AGC endocervical NOS), CIN 2+ was detected in 34.4% and CIN 3+ in 23.4%. In the HPV persistence/II-a and I group, 21% showed CIN 2+, and 12.1% showed CIN 3+ and AIS, and 13% showed CIN 2+ and 5.9% showed CIN 3+ and AIS. In patients who were HPV-negative and had further diagnostics performed on the basis of cytologic smear alone, 27.9% had CIN 2+, and 14.1% had CIN 3 and AIS.

Discussion

In a synopsis of the present findings of our initial data of the registry study on the new cervical cancer screening, according to the organized early cancer screening guideline (oKFE-RL), we could show that the target lesion CIN 3+ and AIS is detected unexpectedly frequently in a not insignificant proportion, especially in the cytological low-risk group. Currently, we cannot answer whether this can reduce the incidence and mortality of cervical carcinoma, but this could be an initial indication of this and will be reviewed in further long-term evaluations.

Keywords

cervical cancer screening - cancer screening guideline (oKFE-RL) - co-test - diagnostic algorithm - cervical intraepithelial neoplasia - human papillomavirus (HPV)


Publication History

Received: 11 July 2023

Accepted after revision: 19 August 2023

Article published online:
05 October 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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