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Zurück zum Zitat Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R et al (2012) 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm 9(4):632–696.e21CrossRefPubMed Calkins H, Kuck KH, Cappato R et al (2012) 2012 HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for patient selection, procedural techniques, patient management and follow-up, definitions, endpoints, and research trial design: a report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on Catheter and Surgical Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. Developed in partnership with the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA), a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society (ECAS); and in collaboration with the American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). Endorsed by the governing bodies of the American College of Cardiology Foundation, the American Heart Association, the European Cardiac Arrhythmia Society, the European Heart Rhythm Association, the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, the Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, and the Heart Rhythm Society. Heart Rhythm 9(4):632–696.e21CrossRefPubMed

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Zurück zum Zitat Gokoglan Y, Mohanty S, Gunes MF et al (2016) Pulmonary vein antrum isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: more than a decade of follow-up. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(5):e003660. doi:10.1161/circep.115.003660 CrossRefPubMed Gokoglan Y, Mohanty S, Gunes MF et al (2016) Pulmonary vein antrum isolation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: more than a decade of follow-up. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(5):e003660. doi:10.​1161/​circep.​115.​003660 CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Kim TH, Park J, Park JK et al (2015) Linear ablation in addition to circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (Dallas lesion set) does not improve clinical outcome in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a prospective randomized study. Europace 17(3):388–395CrossRefPubMed Kim TH, Park J, Park JK et al (2015) Linear ablation in addition to circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (Dallas lesion set) does not improve clinical outcome in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: a prospective randomized study. Europace 17(3):388–395CrossRefPubMed

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Zurück zum Zitat Parkash R, Tang AS, Sapp JL, Wells G (2011) Approach to the catheter ablation technique of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22(7):729–738CrossRefPubMed Parkash R, Tang AS, Sapp JL, Wells G (2011) Approach to the catheter ablation technique of paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis of the randomized controlled trials. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22(7):729–738CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Di Biase L, Burkhardt JD, Mohanty P et al (2016) Left atrial appendage isolation in patients with longstanding persistent AF undergoing catheter ablation: BELIEF trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 68(18):1929–1940CrossRefPubMed Di Biase L, Burkhardt JD, Mohanty P et al (2016) Left atrial appendage isolation in patients with longstanding persistent AF undergoing catheter ablation: BELIEF trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 68(18):1929–1940CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Rillig A, Tilz RR, Lin T et al (2016) Unexpectedly high incidence of stroke and left atrial appendage thrombus formation after electrical isolation of the left atrial appendage for the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(5):e003461CrossRefPubMed Rillig A, Tilz RR, Lin T et al (2016) Unexpectedly high incidence of stroke and left atrial appendage thrombus formation after electrical isolation of the left atrial appendage for the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(5):e003461CrossRefPubMed

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Zurück zum Zitat Rillig A, Makimoto H, Wegner J et al (2015) Six-year clinical outcomes after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with impaired left ventricular function. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 26(11):1169–1179. doi:10.1111/jce.12765 CrossRef Rillig A, Makimoto H, Wegner J et al (2015) Six-year clinical outcomes after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in patients with impaired left ventricular function. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 26(11):1169–1179. doi:10.​1111/​jce.​12765 CrossRef

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Zurück zum Zitat Kerr CR, Humphries KH, Talajic M et al (2005) Progression to chronic atrial fibrillation after the initial diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from the Canadian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. Am Heart J 149(3):489–496CrossRefPubMed Kerr CR, Humphries KH, Talajic M et al (2005) Progression to chronic atrial fibrillation after the initial diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from the Canadian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. Am Heart J 149(3):489–496CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Steinberg JS, Palekar R, Sichrovsky T et al (2014) Very long-term outcome after initially successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 11(5):771–776CrossRefPubMed Steinberg JS, Palekar R, Sichrovsky T et al (2014) Very long-term outcome after initially successful catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 11(5):771–776CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Hussein AA, Saliba WI, Martin DO et al (2011) Natural history and long-term outcomes of ablated atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 4(3):271–278CrossRefPubMed Hussein AA, Saliba WI, Martin DO et al (2011) Natural history and long-term outcomes of ablated atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 4(3):271–278CrossRefPubMed

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Zurück zum Zitat Takigawa M, Takahashi A, Kuwahara T et al (2014) Long-term follow-up after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: the incidence of recurrence and progression of atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 7(2):267–273CrossRefPubMed Takigawa M, Takahashi A, Kuwahara T et al (2014) Long-term follow-up after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: the incidence of recurrence and progression of atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 7(2):267–273CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Ouyang F, Antz M, Ernst S et al (2005) Recovered pulmonary vein conduction as a dominant factor for recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after complete circular isolation of the pulmonary veins: lessons from double Lasso technique. Circulation 111(2):127–135CrossRefPubMed Ouyang F, Antz M, Ernst S et al (2005) Recovered pulmonary vein conduction as a dominant factor for recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias after complete circular isolation of the pulmonary veins: lessons from double Lasso technique. Circulation 111(2):127–135CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Kuck KH, Hoffmann BA, Ernst S et al (2016) Impact of complete versus incomplete circumferential lines around the pulmonary veins during catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from the gap-atrial Fibrillation-German atrial fibrillation competence network 1 trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(1):e003337CrossRefPubMed Kuck KH, Hoffmann BA, Ernst S et al (2016) Impact of complete versus incomplete circumferential lines around the pulmonary veins during catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from the gap-atrial Fibrillation-German atrial fibrillation competence network 1 trial. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 9(1):e003337CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Kautzner J, Neuzil P, Lambert H et al (2015) EFFICAS II: optimization of catheter contact force improves outcome of pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Europace 17(8):1229–1235CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kautzner J, Neuzil P, Lambert H et al (2015) EFFICAS II: optimization of catheter contact force improves outcome of pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Europace 17(8):1229–1235CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Kuck KH, Brugada J, Furnkranz A et al (2016) Cryoballoon or radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 374(23):2235–2245CrossRefPubMed Kuck KH, Brugada J, Furnkranz A et al (2016) Cryoballoon or radiofrequency ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 374(23):2235–2245CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Kuck KH, Furnkranz A, Chun KR et al (2016) Cryoballoon or radiofrequency ablation for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: reintervention, rehospitalization, and quality-of-life outcomes in the FIRE AND ICE trial. Eur Heart J 37(38):2858–2865. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehw285 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kuck KH, Furnkranz A, Chun KR et al (2016) Cryoballoon or radiofrequency ablation for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: reintervention, rehospitalization, and quality-of-life outcomes in the FIRE AND ICE trial. Eur Heart J 37(38):2858–2865. doi:10.​1093/​eurheartj/​ehw285 CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Neumann T, Wojcik M, Berkowitsch A et al (2013) Cryoballoon ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: 5‑year outcome after single procedure and predictors of success. Europace 15(8):1143–1149CrossRefPubMed Neumann T, Wojcik M, Berkowitsch A et al (2013) Cryoballoon ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: 5‑year outcome after single procedure and predictors of success. Europace 15(8):1143–1149CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Metzner A, Rausch P, Lemes C et al (2014) The incidence of phrenic nerve injury during pulmonary vein isolation using the second-generation 28 mm cryoballoon. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 25(5):466–470CrossRefPubMed Metzner A, Rausch P, Lemes C et al (2014) The incidence of phrenic nerve injury during pulmonary vein isolation using the second-generation 28 mm cryoballoon. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 25(5):466–470CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Furnkranz A, Bordignon S, Schmidt B et al (2015) Incidence and characteristics of phrenic nerve palsy following pulmonary vein isolation with the second-generation as compared with the first-generation cryoballoon in 360 consecutive patients. Europace 17(4):574–578CrossRefPubMed Furnkranz A, Bordignon S, Schmidt B et al (2015) Incidence and characteristics of phrenic nerve palsy following pulmonary vein isolation with the second-generation as compared with the first-generation cryoballoon in 360 consecutive patients. Europace 17(4):574–578CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Heeger CH, Wissner E, Mathew S et al (2015) Once isolated, always isolated? Incidence and characteristics of pulmonary vein reconduction after second-generation cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein isolation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 8(5):1088–1094CrossRefPubMed Heeger CH, Wissner E, Mathew S et al (2015) Once isolated, always isolated? Incidence and characteristics of pulmonary vein reconduction after second-generation cryoballoon-based pulmonary vein isolation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 8(5):1088–1094CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Sediva L, Petru J, Skoda J et al (2014) Visually guided laser ablation: a single-centre long-term experience. Europace 16(12):1746–1751CrossRefPubMed Sediva L, Petru J, Skoda J et al (2014) Visually guided laser ablation: a single-centre long-term experience. Europace 16(12):1746–1751CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Yamaguchi Y, Sohara H, Takeda H et al (2015) Long-term results of radiofrequency hot balloon ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: safety and rhythm outcomes. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 26(12):1298–1306CrossRefPubMed Yamaguchi Y, Sohara H, Takeda H et al (2015) Long-term results of radiofrequency hot balloon ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: safety and rhythm outcomes. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 26(12):1298–1306CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Narayan SM, Krummen DE, Shivkumar K et al (2012) Treatment of atrial fibrillation by the ablation of localized sources: CONFIRM (Conventional Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation With or Without Focal Impulse and Rotor Modulation) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 60(7):628–636CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Narayan SM, Krummen DE, Shivkumar K et al (2012) Treatment of atrial fibrillation by the ablation of localized sources: CONFIRM (Conventional Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation With or Without Focal Impulse and Rotor Modulation) trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 60(7):628–636CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Revishvili AS, Wissner E, Lebedev DS et al (2015) Validation of the mapping accuracy of a novel non-invasive epicardial and endocardial electrophysiology system. Europace 17(8):1282–1288CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Revishvili AS, Wissner E, Lebedev DS et al (2015) Validation of the mapping accuracy of a novel non-invasive epicardial and endocardial electrophysiology system. Europace 17(8):1282–1288CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Zurück zum Zitat Haissaguerre M, Hocini M, Denis A et al (2014) Driver domains in persistent atrial fibrillation. Circulation 130(7):530–538CrossRefPubMed Haissaguerre M, Hocini M, Denis A et al (2014) Driver domains in persistent atrial fibrillation. Circulation 130(7):530–538CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Medi C, Sparks PB, Morton JB et al (2011) Pulmonary vein antral isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from long-term follow-up. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22(2):137–141PubMed Medi C, Sparks PB, Morton JB et al (2011) Pulmonary vein antral isolation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: results from long-term follow-up. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 22(2):137–141PubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Gaita F, Caponi D, Scaglione M et al (2008) Long-term clinical results of 2 different ablation strategies in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 1(4):269–275CrossRefPubMed Gaita F, Caponi D, Scaglione M et al (2008) Long-term clinical results of 2 different ablation strategies in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 1(4):269–275CrossRefPubMed

Zurück zum Zitat Bertaglia E, Tondo C, De Simone A et al (2010) Does catheter ablation cure atrial fibrillation? Single-procedure outcome of drug-refractory atrial fibrillation ablation: a 6-year multicentre experience. Europace 12(2):181–187CrossRefPubMed Bertaglia E, Tondo C, De Simone A et al (2010) Does catheter ablation cure atrial fibrillation? Single-procedure outcome of drug-refractory atrial fibrillation ablation: a 6-year multicentre experience. Europace 12(2):181–187CrossRefPubMed