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Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie 9/2020

03.07.2020 | Anästhetika | Schmerztherapie

Perioperative Maßnahmen zur Prävention von Phantomschmerz: ein evidenzbasierter Ansatz zur Risikoreduktion

verfasst von: PD Dr. med. S. Tafelski

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 9/2020

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Zusammenfassung

Die Prävention von Phantomschmerzen ist eine der größten, noch weitgehend ungelösten Herausforderungen in der perioperativen Medizin. Trotz vieler Studienbemühungen ist es in den letzten 30 Jahren kaum gelungen, über die Optimierung der postoperativen Schmerztherapie hinaus eine deutliche Reduktion der Phantomschmerzinzidenz zu erreichen. Auch aktuelle Studien zeigen, dass zumindest etwa 50 % der Patienten nach 6 Monaten einen Phantomschmerz entwickeln. Ein Ansatz könnte darin bestehen, multiple synergistische Interventionen zu kombinieren und als perioperatives Phantomschmerzmanagementbündel zusammenzufassen. Neben der Regionalanästhesie könnten NMDA-Antagonisten, Gabapentinoide, Antidepressiva sowie systemisches Lidocain eine Rolle spielen. Ziel dieser pharmakologischen Intervention ist die Modifikation der pathophysiologischen Veränderungen am peripheren Nerv und am Zentralnervensystem nach Amputation.
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Metadaten
Titel
Perioperative Maßnahmen zur Prävention von Phantomschmerz: ein evidenzbasierter Ansatz zur Risikoreduktion
verfasst von
PD Dr. med. S. Tafelski
Publikationsdatum
03.07.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 9/2020
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-020-00810-w

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