Background
Methods
Design
Participants
Blinding and randomization
Intervention
Measures
Clinical outcomes
MRI
Post-training interview
(1) Understanding of upper limb rehabilitation processes: |
“Prior to commencing this study what was your understanding of upper limb therapy? How does this differ now that you’ve undertaken this research project of reaching training?”
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(2) Reaching training: |
“Thinking about the reaching training, can you tell me how you felt doing the training?”
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(3) Problems as well as rewarding situations during your reaching training: |
“Was there anything that stopped you from wanting to/helped you continue with the research project? If so, can you tell me about this?”
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(4) Advice you might have about upper limb rehabilitation: |
“Do you think that this type of training helped your arm recover? Why/why not? What would you say to someone about to commence this type of reaching training? What would you want them to know?”
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Analysis
Adverse events
Training outcomes
Clinical outcomes
Structural integrity of descending motor projections
Reflections on training
Results
ID | Age at training | Stroke type | MSS | Dominant arm | Paretic arm | Aphasia | Baseline mobility, FAC,/6 | mRS,/5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P1 | 49 | Ischaemic | 24 | Right | Left | No | 6 | 3 |
P2 | 53 | Ischaemic | 32 | Right | Right | Yes | 5 | 3 |
P3 | 73 | Ischaemic | 25 | Right | Left | No | 1 | 5 |
P4 | 70 | Ischaemic | 37 | Right | Right | Yes | 4 | 3 |
Adverse events
Training outcomes
Clinical outcomes
ID | tRNS group | Total repetitions | Wrist MRC/15 | Triceps MRC/15 | MAS6,/6 | REACH,/5 | Asymmetry index | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T0 | T1 | T2 | T0 | T1 | T2 | T0 | T1 | T2 | T0 | T1 | T2 | ||||
P1 | Active | 1763 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 10 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0.02 |
P2 | Placebo | 1128 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.11 |
P3 | Active | 1015 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | NP |
P4 | Placebo | 1696 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | NP |