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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 10/2018

07.05.2018 | Restless-Legs-Syndrom | Übersichten

Häufige neurologische Erkrankungen assoziiert mit dem Restless-legs-Syndrom

verfasst von: M. Bartl, J. Winkelmann, B. Högl, W. Paulus, C. Trenkwalder

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 10/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Restless-legs-Syndrom (RLS) ist ein häufiges neurologisches Krankheitsbild. Studien zeigten, dass es mit internistischen und neurologischen Erkrankungen assoziiert auftritt.

Ziele

Anhand dreier assoziierter neurologischer Erkrankungen soll die Bedeutung des RLS für die neurologische Versorgung beurteilt werden.

Material und Methoden

Mittels systematischer Recherche in PubMed hinsichtlich sämtlicher Studien zum RLS in Kombination mit Polyneuropathien (PNP), der Parkinson-Erkrankung (PD) und Multipler Sklerose (MS) erfolgte eine Einordnung nach Methodik und Aufbau in hohe, mittlere oder geringe Studienqualität.

Ergebnisse

Von 16 Studien zum RLS und MS wurden 10 als „hoch“ eingestuft. Die hohe Assoziationsbreite zwischen 13,3 bis zu 65,1 % aufgrund unterschiedlicher Methodik verhindert trotz der eindeutig erhöhten Prävalenz eine zusammenfassende Aussage. Bei 30 Studien zum idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom wurden 17 mit hoher Qualität gefunden. Das RLS tritt mit dem idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom nur unter Therapie gehäuft auf und hier proportional zur Dauer der dopaminergen Behandlung. Von 24 Studien zu PNP wurden nur 5 als „hoch“ eingestuft, eine erhöhte RLS-Prävalenz wurde für die erworbene PNP nachgewiesen mit heterogener Datenlage für hereditäre Formen.

Schlussfolgerung

Für die diskutierten Erkrankungen besteht eine erhöhte Prävalenz für eine Assoziation mit RLS, die möglicherweise pathophysiologisch durch die Erkrankungen bestimmt wird. Aber auch hier liegen möglicherweise genetische Prädispositionen vor, die in Zukunft hoffentlich genauer klassifiziert werden können.
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Metadaten
Titel
Häufige neurologische Erkrankungen assoziiert mit dem Restless-legs-Syndrom
verfasst von
M. Bartl
J. Winkelmann
B. Högl
W. Paulus
C. Trenkwalder
Publikationsdatum
07.05.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 10/2018
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-018-0528-y

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