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Erschienen in:
09.03.2017 | Original Article – Clinical Oncology
Retinal toxicity after cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with germ cell cancer
Erschienen in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology | Ausgabe 7/2017
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Purpose
Visual impairment represents an infrequent form of cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity; however, visual deterioration has been reported in several studies. To evaluate potential morphological and functional retinal alterations in patients with germ cell cancer (GCC) treated with cisplatin-based chemotherapy (CBC).
Methods
Multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional study design. Examination of 28 eyes of 14 male GCC patients, who had received at least one cycle of CBC. A matched control group of healthy, untreated patients were included in this study. Subjects underwent a retinal nerve fiber thickness (RNFL) measurement, color vision, visual acuity testing, full-field electroretinograms (ff-ERG). To assess a correlation between cumulative cisplatin dose and measured RNFL and ff-ERG Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was performed.
Results
Both study groups (CBC recipients vs. healthy controls) consisted each of 14 participants with a median patient age of 30 years (interquartile range (IQR) 26–37 years). Tumor histology was seminoma in 6 of 14 patients (43%), and non-seminomatous GCC in 8 of 14 patients (57%). Median cumulative cisplatin dosis at examination was 627 mg/m2 (IQR 413–1013 mg/m2). Morphological assessment revealed reduced RNFL in 11 of 14 patients (78.6%). Reduction in RNFL was significantly correlated to the cumulative CBC dose received (rho = + 0.70; p = 0.004). ff-ERG showed significant differences between CBC recipients and the control group in 2 of 5 tested categories (all p values <0.001).
Conclusion
This study represents first evidence of chronic subclinical retinal toxicity due to cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with GCC. The reduction of RNFL might become clinically relevant in upcoming age-related chronic degenerative disorders such as glaucoma.