Background
Method
Sample and procedures
Data analysis
Ethics Approval
Results
Model A 1-factor CFA | Model B 3-factor - E/CFA | Model C 3-factor CFA | Model D Bifactor model | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Factor 1 | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | Factor 1 | Factor 2 | Factor 3 | g-factor | |||||
λ
i
(1)
a
|
δ
i
b
|
λ
i (1)
|
λ
i (2)
|
λ
i (3)
|
δ
i
|
λ
i (1)
|
λ
i (2)
|
λ
i (3)
|
δ
i
|
λ
i (1)
|
λ
i (2)
|
λ
i (3)
|
λ
i
(
G
)
|
δ
i
| |
i1 | .74 (.70; .79) | .45 | .81 (.47; 1.0) | .05 (-.23; .37) | -.02 (-.19; .16) | 0.30 | .82 (.77; .86) | .33 | .48 (.25; .72) | .68 (.62; .74) | .30 | ||||
i2 | .71 (.66; .76) | .49 | .83 (.66; 1.0) | -.03 (-.15; .1) | .01 (-.18; .21) | 0.33 | .78 (.73; .83) | .39 | .50 (.26; .74) | .65 (.59; .71) | .33 | ||||
i6 | .59 (.54; .65) | .64 | .31 (.15; .48) | .28 (.04; .52) | .08 (-.16; .31) | .63 | .65 (.59; .70) | .58 | .14 (.04; .24) | .52 (.45; .59) | .63 | ||||
i3 | .53 (.47; .59) | .72 | .00 (-.04; .04) | .68 (.39; .97) | -.07 (-.37; .23) | .61 | .60 (.53; .67) | .64 | .25 (.10; .40) | .51 (.45; .58) | .67 | ||||
i4 | .53 (.48; .59) | .715 | -.07 (-.29; .15) | .67 (.40; .94) | .01 (-.18; .20) | .61 | .61 (.55; .67) | .63 | .46 (.19; .72) | .63 (.56; .70) | .53 | ||||
i5 | .64 (.58; .70) | .59 | .11 (-.10; .33) | .61 (.40; .83) | .01 (-.14; .15) | .52 | .74 (.68; .80) | .46 | .31 (.13; .48) | .59 (.53; .65) | .50 | ||||
i7 | .82 (.77; .86) | .33 | .01 (-.08; .10) | .145 (-.08; .37) | .70 (.51; .89) | .31 | .84 (.80; .88) | .30 | .17 (-.02; .35) | .81 (.75; .88) | .31 | ||||
i8 | .80 (.77; .84) | .35 | .05 (-.09; .18) | .01 (-.04; .06) | .78 (.66; .90) | .32 | .83 (.79; .87) | .31 | .24 (.03; .46) | .78 (.72; .84) | .33 | ||||
i9 | .81 (.78; .85) | .34 | -.01 (-.07; .05) | -.15 (-.46; .15) | .99 (.74; 1.00) | .24 | .84 (.80; .88) | .30 | .45 (.22; .68) | .77 (.71; .83) | .20 | ||||
i10 | .68 (.60; .76) | .54 | .03 (-.18; .24) | .06 (-.27; .40) | .62 (.31; .93) | .52 | .70 (.62; .78) | .51 | .17 (-.06; .40) | .67 (.57; .77) | .52 | ||||
f1 ⇔ f2
c
| - - - | .66 (.47; .86) | .74 (.67; .81) | 0 | |||||||||||
f1 ⇔ f3
| - - - | .75 (.63; .87) | .80 (.76; .85) | 0 | |||||||||||
f2 ⇔ f3
| - - - | .82 (.69; .94) | .81 (.74; .87) | 0 | |||||||||||
RMSEA d
| .081 (.071; .091) | .037 (.019; .053) | .037 (.024; .049) | .026 (.005; .041) | |||||||||||
CFI e
| .963 | .996 | .993 | .997 | |||||||||||
TLI f
| .953 | .991 | .990 | .995 |
Factor 1
| |||
---|---|---|---|
ρ
ve(f1)
| .56 | (.52; .61) | |
.75 | (.72; .79) | ||
Factor 2
| |||
ρ
ve(f2)
| .43 | (.37; .48) | |
.65 | (.61; .70) | ||
Factor 3
| |||
ρ
ve(f3)
| .65 | (.61; .69) | |
.81 | (.78; .83) | ||
Factor correlations
| |||
ϕ
1↔2
| .74 | (.67; .81) | |
ϕ
1↔3
| .80 | (.76; .85) | |
ϕ
2↔3
| .81 | (.74; .87) |
Item
|
Specific factors
|
g-factor
|
Error
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | |||
i1 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 1.2 | ||
i2 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 1.4 | ||
i6 | .2 | 4.5 | 5.1 | ||
i3 | .8 | 3.5 | 5.7 | ||
i4 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.6 | ||
i5 | 1.2 | 5.2 | 3.3 | ||
i7 | .37 | 8.5 | 1.3 | ||
i8 | .77 | 7.9 | 1.4 | ||
i9 | 2.6 | 7.7 | .5 | ||
i10 | .38 | 5.8 | 3.4 | ||
Sub-total | 6.4 | 4.7 | 4.1 | ||
Total | 15.2 | 57.9 | 26.9 |
Factor score | Raw score | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
g
|
f1
|
f2
|
f3
| total |
f1
|
f2
|
f3
| |
Factor score
| ||||||||
g
| 1.0 | |||||||
f1
| .200 | 1.0 | ||||||
f2
| .232 | -.191 | 1.0 | |||||
f3
| .291 | -.311 | -.273 | 1.0 | ||||
Raw score
| ||||||||
total
| .974 | .217 | .325 | .203 | 1.0 | |||
f1
| .791 | .654 | .032 | -.050 | .818 | 1.0 | ||
f2
| .738 | -.029 | .784 | -.047 | .801 | .483 | 1.0 | |
f3
| .895 | -.020 | .034 | .526 | .877 | .597 | .541 | 1.0 |
Monotonicity | Double monotonicity | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Item | H | No. of violations a
| Criteria b
| No. of violations a
| Criteria b
|
i1 | .4234 | 0 | 2 (.0010) | 37 | |
i2 | .4086 | 0 | 3 (.0015) | 46 | |
i3 | .3770 | 0 | 2 (.0010) | 35 | |
i4 | .3605 | 1 (.0222) | 13 | 12 (.0062) | 82 |
i5 | .4019 | 0 | 2 (.0010) | 34 | |
i6 | .3880 | 1 (.0159) | 11 | 4 (.0021) | 38 |
i7 | .4881 | 0 | 3 (.0015) | 34 | |
i8 | .4673 | 0 | 9 (.0046) | 70 | |
i9 | .4775 | 0 | 7 (.0036) | 62 | |
i10 | .4201 | 0 | 0 | ||
Total (scale) | .4208 | 4 (.0039) | --- | --- | --- |