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Erschienen in: HNO 11/2019

09.10.2019 | Zytokine | CME

T-Zell-Immunreaktionen bei chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen der nasalen Schleimhäute

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. L. Klimek, I. Casper, S. Siemer, B. Wollenberg, R. Stauber, M. Koennecke

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 11/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Die akute Rhinosinusitis und die chronische Rhinosinusitis sind entzündliche Erkrankungen der Schleimhäute aufgrund fehlgeleiteter immunologischer Reaktionen auf Umweltallergene. T‑Zellen werden aufgrund ihrer Zytokinsekretionsmuster eingeteilt in T‑Helferzellen vom Typ 1 (Th1) und vom Typ 2 (Th2). Die allergische Immunantwort entsteht durch Aktivierung spezifischer Th2-Zellen. Mit der spezifischen Immuntherapie wird die fehlgeleitete, überschießende „allergische“ Immunantwort in eine regelrechte zurückgeführt. Die als Endotypen bezeichneten Entzündungsformen der chronischen Rhinosinusitis könnten zukünftig eine gezielte, pathomechanistisch begründete Therapie ermöglichen. Diese endotypbasierten Ansätze zielen auf spezifische Signalwege ab und haben durch den Einsatz monoklonaler Antikörper bereits positive Behandlungserfolge für die chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Nasenpolypen erzielt. Einen Nutzen davon haben bislang nur ausgewählte Patientenpopulationen bei nichtrhinologischen Indikationen, in Off-Label-Therapien oder in klinischen Studien.
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Metadaten
Titel
T-Zell-Immunreaktionen bei chronisch entzündlichen Erkrankungen der nasalen Schleimhäute
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. L. Klimek
I. Casper
S. Siemer
B. Wollenberg
R. Stauber
M. Koennecke
Publikationsdatum
09.10.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 11/2019
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-019-00759-2

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