Introduction
Patients and Methods
Patients
Clinical Data Extraction
Diagnosis Standards
Follow-Up
Statistical Analyses
Results
Baseline Characteristics of PCa Patients During Their First Visit to a Doctor As Well As the Changes of MetS and Its Components Before and After Treatment
Variables | Overall (n = 1162) | MetS | Non-MetS | P valuea | OR | P valueb | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Undergoing treatment (%) | < 0.001* | 1.731 |
< 0.001
| 1.367–2.193 | |||
Prior | 1162 (100) | 202/1162 (17.38) | 960/1162 (82.62) | ||||
Post | 1162 (100) | 275/1162 (23.67) | 887/1162 (76.33) | ||||
Age (years, %) | < 0.001* | 1.042 |
< 0.001
| 1.028–1.056 | |||
< 60 | 102 (8.8) | 29 (2.5) | 93 (6.3) | ||||
60–70 | 146 (12.6) | 46 (4.0) | 100 (8.6) | ||||
> 70 | 914 (78.6) | 127 (10.9) | 767 (67.8) | ||||
Smoking status (%) | < 0.001* | 0.299 |
< 0.001
| 0.197–0.456 | |||
Smoking | 340 (29.3) | 191 (16.4) | 149 (12.9) | ||||
No smoking | 822 (70.7) | 15 (1.3) | 807 (69.4) | ||||
Drinking condition (%) | < 0.001* | 2.501 |
< 0.001
| 1.767–3.541 | |||
Drinking | 343 (29.5) | 195 (16.8) | 148 (12.7) | ||||
No drinking | 819 (70.5) | 7 (0.6) | 812 (69.9) | ||||
Diet information (%) | < 0.001* | 2.771 |
< 0.001
| 2.099–3.657 | |||
High-fat high-calorie | 379 (32.6) | 202 (17.4) | 177 (15.2) | ||||
Regular | 783 (67.4) | 0 (0.0) | 783 (67.4) | ||||
Physical exercise situation (%) | < 0.001* | 4.827 |
< 0.001
| 3.521–6.617 | |||
Keep exercising | 863 (74.3) | 8 (0.7) | 855 (73.6) | ||||
Lack of exercise | 299 (25.7) | 194 (16.7) | 105 (9.0) | ||||
Dwelling environment (%) | < 0.001* | 0.915 | 0.587 | 0.663–1.263 | |||
Living in city | 662 (57.0) | 148 (12.7) | 514 (44.3) | ||||
Living in the country | 500 (43.0) | 55 (4.7) | 445 (38.3) | ||||
Education background (%) | < 0.001* | 0.911 | 0.220 | 0.785–1.057 | |||
≤ 6 years | 501 (43.12) | 58 (5.00) | 443 (38.12) | ||||
7–12 years | 386 (33.22) | 64 (5.51) | 322 (27.71) | ||||
≥ 13 years | 275 (23.67) | 80 (6.88) | 195 (16.78) | ||||
PSA (ng/ml) total | 99 (4~1145) | 133 (4.6~1145) | 91 (4~1087) | 0.007† | 1.000 |
0.046
| 0.999–1.001 |
% | < 0.001* | 0.997 |
< 0.001
| 0.995–0.999 | |||
< 10 ng/ml | 29 (2.5) | 3 (0.3) | 26 (2.2) | ||||
10–20 ng/ml | 80 (6.9) | 53 (4.6) | 27 (2.3) | ||||
> 20 ng/ml | 1053 (90.6) | 144 (12.4) | 909 (78.2) | ||||
Gleason scores (%) | 0.045* | 1.658 |
< 0.001
| 1.362–2.018 | |||
≤ 6 | 150 (12.9) | 17 (1.5) | 133 (11.4) | ||||
7 | 209 (18.0) | 41 (3.5) | 168 (14.6) | ||||
≥ 8 | 803 (69.1) | 145 (12.4) | 658 (56.6) | ||||
Clinical stages (%) | < 0.001* | 1.256 |
0.028
| 1.025–1.538 | |||
≤ T2a | 99 (8.5) | 4 (0.3) | 95 (8.2) | ||||
T2b | 283 (24.4) | 9 (0.8) | 274 (23.6) | ||||
≥ T2c | 780 (67.1) | 189 (16.3) | 591 (50.8) | ||||
Storage symptom (median) | 5 (2~9) | 6 (3~9) | 4 (2~7) | < 0.001† | 1.060 |
0.045
| 1.000–1.123 |
Voiding symptom (median) | 6 (2–15) | 8 (3~15) | 5 (2~10) | 0.048† | 1.227 |
< 0.001
| 1.110–1.358 |
CRP (median, mg/l) | 7.3 (3.9~12.4) | 8.6 (6.6~12.4) | 5.7 (3.9~8.2) | 0.002† | 1.077 |
0.022
| 1.011–1.148 |
PDW (median, %) | 14.8 (11.4~21.6) | 17.2 (12.6~21.6) | 13.6 (11.4~16.8) | 0.005† | 1.202 |
< 0.001
| 1.112–1.298 |
Association of Risk Grades, Progressive Incidents of PCa with MetS As Well As the Change of Incidence of MetS Before and After Treatment by Different Treatment Strategies for PCa
Variables | % | P valuec | OR | P valued | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low risk | |||||
(+)a | 13.64 (15/110) |
< 0.001
| 1.277 | 0.140 | 0.923–1.768 |
(−)b | 86.36 (95/110) | ||||
Intermediate risk | |||||
(+)a | 19.53 (42/215) |
< 0.001
| 0.867 | 0.205 | 0.695–1.081 |
(−)b | 80.47 (173/215) | ||||
High risk | |||||
(+)a | 17.32 (145/837) |
< 0.001
| 0.935 | 0.902 | 0.320–2.732 |
(−)b | 82.68 (692/837) | ||||
Advanced PSA increased | |||||
(+)a | 20.53 (131/638) |
< 0.001
| 1.491 |
0.013
| 1.087–2.047 |
(−)b | 79.47 (507/638) | ||||
Recurrence | |||||
(+)a | 21.27 (137/644) |
< 0.001
| 1.426 |
0.027
| 1.041–1.953 |
(−)b | 78.73 (507/644) | ||||
Metastasis | |||||
(+)a | 18.45 (100/542) |
< 0.001
| 1.703 |
0.002
| 1.222–2.375 |
(−)b | 81.55 (442/542) | ||||
Death | |||||
(+)a | 27.81 (84/302) |
< 0.001
| 1.079 | 0.137 | 0.976–1.193 |
(−)b | 72.19 (218/302) |
Variables | Number (prior/posttreatment) | % (prior/posttreatment) | P valuec | OR | P valued | 95%CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RP | ||||||
(+)a | 20/9 | 21.5/9.7 |
0.025
| 0.391 |
0.030
| 0.168–0.912 |
(−)b | 73/84 | 78.5/90.3 | ||||
SC | ||||||
(+)a | 55/37 | 17.5/11.8 |
0.042
| 0.629 |
0.043
| 0.401–0.986 |
(−)b | 259/277 | 82.5/88.2 | ||||
MC | ||||||
(+)a | 41/68 | 17.6/29.2 |
0.003
| 1.930 |
0.003
| 1.243–2.996 |
(−)b | 192/165 | 82.4/70.8 | ||||
125I limited | ||||||
(+)a | 56/119 | 16.6/35.3 |
< 0.001
| 2.147 |
< 0.001
| 1.484–3.108 |
(−)b | 281/218 | 83.4/64.7 | ||||
EBRT | ||||||
(+)a | 13/13 | 28.9/28.9 | 0.092 | 1.294 | 0.866 | 0.365–3.313 |
(−)b | 32/32 | 71.1/71.1 | ||||
Chemotherapy | ||||||
(+)a | 12/24 | 11.8/23.5 |
0.026
| 2.308 |
0.030
| 1.083–4.917 |
(−)b | 90/78 | 88.2/76.5 | ||||
TURP | ||||||
(+)a | 5/5 | 13.2/13.2 | 0.086 | 0.638 | 0.457 | 0.195–2.085 |
(−)b | 33/33 | 86.8/86.8 |