Background
Methods
Data sources and search strategy
Eligibility criteria
Data extraction and quality assessment
Statistical analysis
Results
Search results and characteristics of included studies
study | country | type of study | sample size | age(Mean ± SD or median(IQR)) | incidence of embolism | risk factors | the JBI Appraisal Checklist | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
embolisim group | non-embolism group | embolisim group | non-embolism group | ||||||
Cao 2017 [5] | China | Retrospective case series | 24 | 87 | 36.0 ± 8.1 | 36.4 ± 6.5 | 21.62% | tumor size | yes(6)no(3)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Deng 2015 [6] | China | Retrospective case series | 33 | 129 | 48(38–61) | 54(46–63) | 20.37% | tumor location, tumor surface, MPV, PLT | yes(8)no(1)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Lee 2012 [7] | Korea | Retrospective case series | 13 | 46 | 59.2 ± 12.6 | 58.3 ± 12.6 | 22.03% | tumor surface | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Wang 2016 [8] | China | Retrospective case series | 32 | 175 | 39.7 ± 16.6 | 45.0 ± 15.5 | 15.46% | tumor size, tumor surface | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Yin 2016 [9] | China | Retrospective case series | 143 | 322 | 59.4 ± 10.9 | 52.3 ± 12.4 | 44.41% | age, BMI, tumor size, tumor surface, tumor location, LAD CHA2DS2–VASc score | yes(8)no(1)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Li 2018 [10] | China | Retrospective case series | 27 | 158 | 48.19 ± 13.11 | 49.39 ± 14.97 | 14.59% | tumor location,tumor base size, FIB | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Xu 2016 [11] | China | Retrospective case series | 26 | 156 | 58.54 ± 12.65 | 57.29 ± 11.11 | 14.29% | tumor surface, tumor base size, FIB | yes(8)no(1)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Boyacıoğlu 2017 [12] | Turkey | Retrospective case series | 25 | 74 | 49 ± 16.89 | 50.12 ± 15.71 | 25.26% | AF, tumor surface, tumor size | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Kalçık 2019 [13] | Turkey | Retrospective case series | 13 | 80 | 50(36–62) | 56(45–65) | 13.98% | LAD, AF, tumor size, tumor surface | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Ping 2019 [14] | China | Retrospective case series | 32 | 75 | 54.66 ± 13.21 | 51.72 ± 13.76 | 29.91% | tumor surface, tumor location | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Canga 2017 [15] | Turkey | Retrospective case series | 13 | 53 | 51.1 ± 11.4 | 55.9 ± 12.4 | 19.70% | sex,tumor location,tumor surface | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Zheng 2014 [16] | China | Retrospective case series | 15 | 63 | 49 ± 9 | 52 ± 6 | 19.23% | tumor surface | yes(7)no(2)unclear(1) not applicable(0) |
Meta-analysis of risk factors
Risk Factors | No. Studies | Effect Model | I2, % | Ph | MD/OR | Effect Size (95% CI) | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sex(male) | 12 | F | 16.8 | 0.28 | OR | 1.21(0.96–1.53) | 0.11 |
age | 9 | R | 76.8 | < 0.01 | MD | -0.04(−3.64–3.56) | 0.94 |
BMI | 4 | R | 83.7 | < 0.01 | MD | 1.21(−0.43–2.84) | 0.18 |
NYHA class(I/II) | 4 | F | 0.0 | 0.61 | OR | 2.98(1.66–5.33) | < 0.01* |
smoking | 6 | F | 0.0 | 0.44 | OR | 0.90(0.64–1.28) | 0.56 |
LVEF | 6 | F | 7.0 | 0.37 | MD | 0.59(−0.20–1.38) | 0.14 |
hypertension | 8 | F | 0.1 | 0.43 | OR | 1.41(1.04–1.92) | 0.03* |
diabetes | 8 | F | 0.0 | 0.73 | OR | 1.32(0.89–1.94) | 0.16 |
hyperlipidemia | 6 | F | 0.0 | 0.79 | OR | 0.99(0.53–1.85) | 0.96 |
atrial fibrillation | 7 | F | 48.5 | 0.07 | OR | 1.25(0.88–1.80) | 0.22 |
valvular heart disease | 3 | F | 0.0 | 0.62 | OR | 0.76(0.41–1.40) | 0.38 |
coronary heart disease | 3 | R | 84.2 | < 0.01 | OR | 0.99(−0.87–2.85) | 0.32 |
tumor surface(irregular) | 11 | F | 40.4 | 0.08 | OR | 3.99(3.04–5.25) | < 0.01* |
tumor size | 8 | R | 83.3 | < 0.01 | MD | -0.10(−0.76–0.57) | 0.78 |
tumor location(atypical) | 4 | F | 15.9 | 0.31 | OR | 1.81(1.13–2.88) | 0.01* |
tumor base size | 2 | F | 0.0 | 0.66 | MD | −0.36(−0.51--0.22) | < 0.01* |
PLT | 3 | F | 0.0 | 0.83 | MD | 9.95(−6.02–25.91) | 0.22 |
WBC | 4 | F | 34.6 | 0.21 | MD | 0.18(−0.33–0.68) | 0.49 |
HB | 4 | F | 0.0 | 0.40 | MD | 1.65(−2.91–6.21) | 0.48 |
FIB | 2 | F | 0.0 | 0.57 | MD | 0.62(0.28–0.95) | < 0.01* |