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27.01.2022 | Nephrology - Review

Role of claudins in idiopathic hypercalciuria and renal lithiasis

verfasst von: Armando Luis Negri, Elisa Elena Del Valle

Erschienen in: International Urology and Nephrology | Ausgabe 9/2022

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Abstract

Paracellular transport in the kidney is mediated by a family of proteins located in the tight junctions called claudins which confers its ionic selectivity. Claudin-2 is highly expressed in the proximal tubule and descending limb of Henle and mediate paracellular reabsorption of sodium and calcium cations. In the thick ascending limb of Henle (TALH) calcium is reabsorbed by a paracellular channel formed by Claudin-16 and-19. Claudin-16 mediates cationic permeability while Claudin-19 increases the cationic selectivity of Claudin-16 by blocking anionic permeability. On the other hand, Claudin 14, that is also located in TALH, inhibits the paracellular permeability of Claudin-16 to calcium. Recent wide genomic association analysis studies have detected four common synonymous variants (genetic polymorphisms of a single nucleotide, SNPs) at the locus of Claudin-14 gene that were significantly associated with the presence of renal lithiasis. Another study of wide genomic association and nephrolithiasis was carried out in the general population but including chromosome X, where claudin-2 gene is located. They detected nine SNPs that had a significant association with renal lithiasis risk. A greater knowledge of the paracellular pathway controlled by claudins and its regulation will allow us to develop future new treatments for idiopathic hypercalciuria and renal lithiasis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Role of claudins in idiopathic hypercalciuria and renal lithiasis
verfasst von
Armando Luis Negri
Elisa Elena Del Valle
Publikationsdatum
27.01.2022
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
International Urology and Nephrology / Ausgabe 9/2022
Print ISSN: 0301-1623
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2584
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11255-022-03119-2

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