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Erschienen in: Der Onkologe 1/2019

09.11.2018 | Magnetresonanztomografie | Leitthema

Rolle der Magnetresonanztomographie bei Gliomen

verfasst von: Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. E. Hattingen

Erschienen in: Die Onkologie | Ausgabe 1/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Im Zeitalter der in den Vordergrund gestellten molekularen Hirntumordiagnostik muss sich die Bildgebung neuen Herausforderungen stellen. Hinsichtlich der für molekulargenetische Analysen erforderlichen Gewinnung von Tumorgewebe stellt sich nur noch selten die Frage, ob operiert bzw. biopsiert wird, die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) kann jedoch Fragen nach dem operativen Vorgehen erheblich beeinflussen. Zudem ist die MRT weiterhin Methode der Wahl in der Abgrenzung zu anderen Hirnerkrankungen und in Verlaufsuntersuchungen von Patienten mit Hirntumoren.
Diese Arbeit basiert auf eigener jahrzehntelanger Expertise in der Bildgebung der Hirntumoren und einer selektiven Literaturrecherche in der Datenbank PubMed zu den einzelnen Stichpunkten bezogen auf Gliome (MR-Perfusion, diffusionsgewichtete Bildgebung, „diffusion weighted imaging“ [DWI], MR-Spektroskopie, „chemical exchange saturation transfer“ [CEST] usw.).

Methoden

Die MRT ist Goldstandard in der bildgebenden Hirntumordiagnostik. Fortschritte von Technik und Methodik haben die diagnostischen Möglichkeiten stetig erweitert, dennoch lässt die MRT bis heute relevante Fragestellungen unbeantwortet. Funktionelle Methoden wie die MR-Perfusion, Diffusion und Spektroskopie gewähren wie die PET (Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie) einen tieferen Einblick in die Tumorbiologie als die Standard-MRT, sind aber z. T. speziellen Zentren vorbehalten. Tumormorphologie, Aggressivität und funktionell-anatomische Lage der Hirntumoren sind jedoch auch auf Standard-MR-Sequenzen zu erkennen.
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Metadaten
Titel
Rolle der Magnetresonanztomographie bei Gliomen
verfasst von
Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. E. Hattingen
Publikationsdatum
09.11.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Onkologie / Ausgabe 1/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7226
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7234
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00761-018-0476-y

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