Roxadustat combined with immunosuppressants for treatment of pure red cell aplasia with kidney injury

Pure red cell aplasia is a rare condition that may be congenital or associated with an underlying disease.Immunosuppressants are a commonly employed therapeutic option for the treatment of pure red cell aplasia;however, they are associated with considerable adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity. This case report describesa 74-year-old patient with pure red cell aplasia who developed long-term kidney injury following cyclosporinetherapy. Renal anemia is a common complication after chronic kidney injury and contributes to the poor outcome ofanemia treatment. Following a series of medication adjustments, the final treatment with roxarestat combined withsirolimus proved effective in delaying the impairment of this patient's kidney function, with the hemoglobin levelremaining above 100 g/L throughout. This case report demonstrates the efficacy of roxarestat in conjunction with animmunosuppressive agent in the treatment of pure red cell aplasia combined with kidney injury, with a dual effect ofalleviating the anemia and reducing serum creatinine levels.