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Erschienen in: HNO 9/2019

20.08.2019 | Schlafapnoe | Leitthema

Pathophysiologie der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe

verfasst von: Prof. Dr. med. C. Heiser, D. Eckert

Erschienen in: HNO | Ausgabe 9/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Die Prävalenz der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe (OSA) wird in den westlichen Industrieländern als sehr hoch angenommen. Für die Behandlung des OSA gibt es konservative und operative Therapien. Die Pathophysiologie ist dennoch weitestgehend ungeklärt und lässt sich nicht allein durch anatomische Auffälligkeiten erklären. So konnte in den letzten Jahren eine Reihe nichtanatomischer Faktoren identifiziert werden, die die Entstehung einer OSA begünstigen. Hierunter fallen die respiratorische Erregungsschwelle (Arousals), der respiratorische Atemantrieb („loop gain“) sowie die Kontrolle und Funktion der oberen muskulären Atemwegsdilatatoren. Das Verständnis für die einzelnen pathophysiologischen Prozesse kann in der Zukunft hilfreich sein, um individuelle Therapieansätze für Patienten zu entwickeln.
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Metadaten
Titel
Pathophysiologie der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe
verfasst von
Prof. Dr. med. C. Heiser
D. Eckert
Publikationsdatum
20.08.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
HNO / Ausgabe 9/2019
Print ISSN: 0017-6192
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0458
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00106-019-0720-9

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