Background
Methods
Study area
Study population
Study design and sample size
Data collection methods
Sampling criteria and sample collection
Laboratory methods
Rose Bengal plate test
Enzyme linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) competitive ELISA
Data analysis
Results
Socio-demographic characteristics of animal slaughterhouse workers
Factor | Description | Total N (%) | RBPT N (%) | C- Elisa N (%) | P-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | Female | 25 (10.7) | 9 (36) | 8 (32) |
0.995
|
Male | 209 (89.3) | 89 (42.6) | 67 (32.1) | ||
Age | 10–20 | 25 (10.7) | 12 (48) | 5 (20) |
0.242
|
21–30 | 80 (34.2) | 33 (41.3) | 23 (28.8) | ||
31–40 | 89 (38.0) | 33 (37.1) | 30 (33.7) | ||
> 40 | 40 (17.1) | 20 (50) | 17 (42.5) | ||
Marital Status | Married | 173 (73.93) | 70 (40.5) | 62 (35.8) |
0.101
|
Single | 61 (26.1) | 28 (19.7) | 13 (21.3) | ||
Education | No formal education | 102 (43.6) | 39 (38.2) | 33 (32.3) |
0.420
|
Tertiary education | 12 (5.1) | 4 (33.3) | 3 (25) | ||
Primary education | 98 (49.9) | 46 (46.9) | 33 (33.8) | ||
Secondary education | 22 (9.4) | 9 (40.9) | 6 (27.3) | ||
Religion | Christian | 150 (64.1) | 66 (44) | 52 (34.7) |
0.252
|
Muslim | 84 (35.9) | 32 (38.1) | 23 (27.4) | ||
Occupation | Vet assistant | 21 (9.0) | 12 (57.1) | 10 (47.6) |
0. 004*
|
Butcher | 94 (40.2) | 45 (47.9) | 34 (36.2) | ||
Health worker | 14 (6.0) | 9 (64.3) | 5 (35.7) | ||
Meat handler | 57 (24.4) | 25 (43.9) | 21 (36.8) | ||
Administrator | 4 (1.7) | 2 (50) | 2 (50) | ||
*Others | 44 (18.8) | 5 (11.4) | 3 (6.8) | ||
Ethnicity | Nilotic | 119 (50.9) | 48 (40.3) | 34 (28.6) |
0.033*
|
Luo | 5 (2.1) | 3 (60) | 3 (60) | ||
Bantu | 42 (17.9) | 24 (57.1) | 21 (50) | ||
Jur | 43 (18.4) | 16 (37.2) | 13 (30.2) | ||
Arab | 24 (10.3) | 6 (25) | 3 (12.5) | ||
Nubba | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.4) | ||
Locality | Aweil | 57 (24.4) | 12 (21.1) | 12 (21.1) |
0.027*
|
Kuajok | 32 (13.7) | 32 (13.7) | 13 (40.6) | ||
Tonj | 45 (19.2) | 10 (22.2) | 10 (22.2) | ||
Wau | 100 (42.7) | 44 (44) | 40 (40) | ||
Total |
234
|
98 (41.9)
|
75 (32.1)
|
Sero-prevalence of brucellosis among animal slaughterhouse workers in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan
Factors associated with Brucella infection among animal slaughterhouse workers in Bahr el Ghazal region, South Sudan
Risk factors | Response | Frequency N = 234 (%) | RBPT N = 98 (%) | C-ELISA N = 75 (%) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Has hand abrasions | Yes | 60 (25.6) | 59 (37.6) | 52 (33.1) | 0.709 |
No | 172 (73.5) | 39 (52.0) | 23 (30.7) | ||
Wash hands after work | Yes | 157 (67.1) | 81 (46.0) | 59 (33.5) | 0.229 |
No | 75 (32.1) | 13 (26.5) | 12 (24.5) | ||
*Consumption of animal products | Yes | 198 (84.62) | 14 (38.89) | 63 (31.82) | 0.858 |
No | 36 (15.38) | 84 (42.42) | 12 (33.33) | ||
Knowledge of zoonotic diseases | Yes | 83 (35.5) | 40 (48.2) | 43 (28.5) | 0.114 |
No | 151 (64.5) | 58 (38.4) | 32 (38.6) | ||
Health complain | |||||
Fever | Yes | 69 (29.5) | 31 (44.9) | 23 (33.3) | 0.786 |
No | 165 (70.5) | 67 (40.6) | 52 (31.5) | ||
Headache | Yes | 62 (26.5) | 27 (43.5) | 22 (35.5) | 0.499 |
No | 172 (73.5) | 71 (41.3) | 53 (30.8) | ||
Joint Pain | Yes | 42 (17.95) | 19 (45.2) | 15 (35.7) | 0.574 |
No | 192 (82.05) | 79 (41.1) | 60 (31.2) | ||
Fatigue | Yes | 54 (23.1) | 23 (42.6) | 18 (33.3) | 0.818 |
No | 180 (76.9) | 75 (41.7) | 57 (31.7) | ||
Night sweating | Yes | 31 (13.25) | 10 (32.3) | 9 (29) | 0.699 |
No | 203 (86.75) | 88 (43.35) | 66 (32.5) | ||
Annual Medical Check up | No | 172 (73.5) | 67 (38.9) | 49 (28.5) | 0.049* |
Yes | 59 (25.2) | 29 (49.1) | 25 (42.4) | ||
Use Personal Protective gear | No | 158 (68.1) | 66 (41.8) | 46 (29.1) | 0.126 |
Duration at work | Yes | 74 (31.9) | 32 (43.2) | 29 (39.2) | |
< 5 | 128 (55.4) | 57 (58.8) | 39 (52.7) | 0. 570 | |
≥ 5 | 103 (44.6) | 40 (41.2) | 35 (47.3) |
Factor/variable | Description | Adjusted OR | P-value | 95% C.I. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Annual Medical Checkup | Yes | 1 | – | – |
No | 0. 54 | 0.050* | 0 .29–1.00 | |
Locality | Wau | 1 | – | – |
Aweil | 0 .4 | 0.017* | 0 .19–0.85 | |
Kuajok | 1.03 | 0.950 | 0.46–2.31 | |
Tonj | 0 .43 | 0.040* | 0 .19–0.96 | |
Occupation | Administrator | 1 | – | – |
Vet/ assistant | 0.91 | 0.930 | 0.11, 7.72 | |
Butcher | 0.57 | 0.579 | 0.076, 4.21 | |
Health worker | 0.56 | 0.608 | 0.06, 5.24 | |
Meat handler | 0.58 | 0.603 | 0.08, 4.45 | |
*Others | 0.07 | 0.025* | 0.01, 0.71 | |
Ethnic Group | Arab | 1 | – | – |
Nilotic | 2.53 | 0.155 | 0.70, 9.12 | |
Luo | 9.5 | 0.041* | 1.09, 82.72 | |
Bantu | 6.33 | 0.008* | 1.63, 24.67 | |
Jur | 2.74 | 0.152 | 0.69, 10.92 |
Predictors | Description | OR | P-value | 95% C.I. |
---|---|---|---|---|
Annual Medical Checkup | Yes | 1 | ||
No | 0.80 | 0.589 | 0.35, 1.82 | |
Locality | Wau | 1 | ||
Aweil | 0.59 | 0.456 | 0.15, 2.36 | |
Kuajok | 0.97 | 0.956 | 0.28,3.28 | |
Tonj | 0.47 | 0.264 | 0.12, 1.77 | |
Occupation | Administrator | 1 | ||
Vet/assistant | 1.26 | 0.842 | 0.13, 12.11 | |
Butcher | 1.14 | 0.904 | 0.13, 9.81 | |
Health worker | 0.76 | 0.820 | 0.08, 7.76 | |
Meat handler | 0.87 | 0.900 | 0.10, 7.31 | |
Others | 0.167 | 0.154 | 0.015, 1.95 | |
Ethnic Group | Arab | 1 | ||
Nilotic | 5.26 | 0.033 | 1.14, 24.33 | |
Luo | 8.66 | 0.068 | 0.85, 88.27 | |
Bantu | 5.56 | 0.021 | 1.30, 23.83 | |
Jur | 2.70 | 0.171 | 0.65, 11.19 |