Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity and Moyamoya Disease- A Possible Association

Excerpt

To the Editor: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) causes visual morbidity in preterm neonates [1]. Moyamoya disease is a cerebrovascular etiology of stroke in children [2]. Here, a preterm infant who had severe ROP was subsequently diagnosed with Moyamoya disease during early infancy. This preterm (31⁺² wk, 1130 g) male infant was vaginally delivered with normal APGAR. Baby had respiratory distress, seizures, and thrombocytopenia and required mechanical ventilation, antibiotics, anti-seizure medication, multiple PRBC, and platelet transfusion. The baby had CSF-culture-positive meningitis and Grade I-GMH. The respiratory support was gradually weaned off to room air by 45 d of age. Aggressive-ROP was found in both eyes and treated with intraocular anti-vascular endothelial growth factor at 26 d of age; subsequently required three times laser photocoagulation (60 d, 73 d and 80 d of age) and pars plana vitrectomy surgery (101 d of age). …