Background
Methods
Study population
Phenotype description
SNPs selection, DNA extraction and genotyping
Gene | Chromosome | SNPs genotyped | dbSNPrs# | Alleles | Published literature reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
IL1R1 | 2 | 1 | rs1420101 | C > T | Gudbjartsson 2009 [19] |
ACP1 | 2 | 1 | rs12714402 | G > A | Bottini 2007 [20] |
GNPDA2 | 4 | 1 | rs10938397 | A > G | Melen 2010 [21] |
IL13 | 5 | 1 | rs20541 | C > T | Cui 2012 [22] |
ADRB2 | 5 | 3 | rs1800888 | C > T | Hall 2006 [23] |
rs1042714 | C > G | Park 2008 [24] | |||
rs1042713 | G > A | Garenc 2002 [25] | |||
TNF-a | 6 | 3 | rs3093664 | A > G | Joubert 2011 [26] |
rs1800629 | G > A | Thomas 2001 [27] | |||
rs361525 | G > A | ||||
LEP | 7 | 1 | rs2167270 | G > A | Ichihara 2008 [29] |
ACE | 17 | 2 | rs4343 | A > G | Rankinen 2006 [14] |
rs4311 | C > T | ||||
GSDMB | 17 | 1 | rs7216389 | T > C | Halapi 2010 [30] |
PRKCA | 17 | 2 | rs9892651 | T > C | Murphy 2009 [13] |
rs9901804 | G > A |
Statistical analysis
Results
NWNA (Controls) | CUWH (Current Wheezers) |
p-valuec
| ACAS (Active Asthmatics) |
p-valued
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 671) | (n = 190) | (n = 69) | |||
Age (yrs)a
| 16.95 (15.91–18.00) | 17.00 (16.00–18.11) | 0.309 | 16.91 (15.91–18.07) | 0.567 |
Sex (% female)b
| 57.4 % | 56.9 % | 0.914 | 56.5 % | 0.894 |
BMI z scoresa
| 0.358 ( −2.13–2.16) | 0.288 ( −1.73–2.20) | 0.396 | 0.340 ( −1.87–2.37) | 0.896 |
HDL (mg/dl)a
| 53.4 (30.00–86.50) | 49.1 (30.00–71.55) | <0.001 | 47.9 (31.73–73.75) | <0.001 |
Atopic Sensitization (% positive)b
| - | 41.4 % | - | 52.0 % | 0.073e
|
FEV1 (% predicted)a
| - | 99.1 (72.9–130.5) | - | 97.6 (62.0–125.6) | 0.332e
|
Exercise Induced Wheezing (% positive)b
| - | 67.6 % | - | 83.6 % | <0.001e
|
Hospitalization (% positive)b
| - | 9.0 % | - | 18.8 % | 0.003e
|
SNPs genotype distribution in CUWH Vs NWNA and HDL-C levels
SNP (genotype) | NWNA (n, %) | CUWH (n, %) |
χ
2
|
p value |
p trend | HDL mg/dl (mean, 95 % CI) | F |
p value |
p trend |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADRB2 rs1800888
| |||||||||
CC | 609 (95 %) | 175 (97.8 %) | 53.3 (52.3–54.2) | ||||||
CT | 32 (5.0 %) | 4 (2.2 %) | 2.535 | 0.076b
| - | 57.2 (51.7–62.8) | 2.840 | 0.092c
| - |
TNFa rs3093664
| |||||||||
AA | 500 (79.6) | 134 (76.1) | 53.3 (52.2–54.3) | ||||||
AG | 102 (16.2) | 40 (22.7) | 51.7 (49.4–54.1) | ||||||
GG | 26 (4.1) | 2 (1.1) | 7.047 | 0.03a
| 0.912 | 65.3 (59.2–71.4) | 11.787 | >0.001c
| 0.028 |
PRKCA rs9892651
| |||||||||
TT | 230 (37.0) | 52 (30.2) | 55.2 (53.4–56.9) | ||||||
CT | 302 (48,6) | 87 (50.6) | 52.7 (51.4–54.1) | ||||||
CC | 89 (14.3) | 33 (19.2) | 3.921 | 0.141a
| 0.048 | 52.2 (50.0–54.5) | 3.179 | 0.042c
| 0.020 |
SNPs genotype distribution in ACAS Vs NWNA and HDL-C levels
Associations of SNPs genotypes with CUWH and the mediating role of HDL-C levels
SNP (genotype) | Model 1 ORa (95 % CI) |
p-value | Model 2 ORb (95 % CI) |
p- value | Model 3 ORc (95 % CI) |
p- value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ADRB2 rs1800888
| ||||||
CT | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
CC | 2.18 (0.76–6.29) | 0.148 | 2.15 (0.75–6.21) | 0.156 | 1.98 (0.68–5.79) | 0.212 |
TNFa rs3093664
| ||||||
GG | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
AG | 5.02 (1.13–22.25) | 0.034 | 4.92 (1.11–21.80) | 0.036 | 3.43 (0.76–15.53) | 0.110 |
AA | 3.39 (0.79–14.49) | 0.100 | 3.35 (0.78–14.33) | 0.104 | 2.44 (0.56–10.58) | 0.239 |
PRKCA rs9892651
| ||||||
TT | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | |||
CT | 1.25 (0.85–1.84) | 0.255 | 1.26 (0.85–1.85) | 0.250 | 1.17 (0.79–1.73) | 0.448 |
CC | 1.623 (0.98–2.68) | 0.058 | 1.63 (0.99–2.69) | 0.056 | 1.52 (0.91–2.53) | 0.110 |