Background
Methods
Ethics statement
Study subjects
Criteria for disease severity in KOA
Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)
Statistical analysis
Results
Comparisons of baseline characteristics between the KOA group and the control group
Baseline characteristic | KOA group | Control group |
P
|
---|---|---|---|
(n = 133) | (n = 143) | ||
Age (year) | 58.24 ± 9.66 | 56.72 ± 9.43 | 0.187 |
Gender (case) | 0.214 | ||
Male | 39 | 52 | |
Female | 94 | 91 | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.60 ± 3.07 | 22.95 ± 2.82 | 0.068 |
Smoking status (%) | |||
Never | 100 (75.19) | 102 (71.33) | 0.577 |
Ever | 8 (6.02) | 7 (4.90) | |
Still | 25 (18.8) | 34 (23.78) | |
Alcohol consumption (%) | |||
Yes | 48 (36.09) | 48 (33.57) | 0.660 |
No | 85 (63.91) | 95 (66.43) | |
Heavy labor (%) | 37 (27.82) | 39 (27.27) | 0.919 |
Living environment | <0.001 | ||
Good (Bright + dry) | 14 (10.53) | 133 (93.01) | |
Poor (Dark + damp) | 119 (89.47) | 10 (6.99) |
The DNA sequencing analysis of CD40 gene
Comparisons of genotype frequency distributions and allele frequencies of CD40 rs4810485 G > T and rs1883832 C > T between the KOA and control groups
SNP | KOA group | Control group | χ2 |
P
| OR (95%CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4810485 G > T | |||||
GG | 44 (33.08%) | 21 (14.69%) | Ref. | ||
GT | 63 (47.37%) | 58 (40.56%) | 4.226 | 0.040 | 0.518 (0.276 ~ 0.974) |
TT | 26 (19.55%) | 64 (44.76%) | 22.95 | < 0.001 | 0.194 (0.097 ~ 0.387) |
GT + TT | 89 (66.92%) | 122 (85.31%) | 12.95 | < 0.001 | 0.348 (0.194 ~ 0.627) |
G allele | 151 (57.14%) | 100 (34.97%) | Ref. | ||
T allele | 115 (42.86%) | 186 (65.03%) | 26.42 | < 0.001 | 0.410 (0.290 ~ 0.577) |
rs1883832 C > T | |||||
CC | 21 (15.79%) | 43 (30.07%) | Ref. | ||
CT | 75 (56.39%) | 74 (51.75%) | 5.553 | 0.019 | 2.075 (1.124 ~ 3.830) |
TT | 37 (27.82%) | 26 (18.18%) | 8.595 | 0.003 | 2.914 (1.413 ~ 6.010) |
CT + TT | 96 (72.18%) | 117 (81.82%) | 0.082 | 1.680 (0.934 ~ 3.024) | |
C allele | 117 (43.98%) | 160 (55.94%) | Refer | ||
T allele | 149 (56.02%) | 126 (44.06%) | 7.884 | 0.005 | 1.617 (1.155 ~ 2.264) |
Correlation analysis between SNPs in CD40 gene and clinical characteristics of KOA patients
Clinical characteristic | rs4810485 G > T |
P
| rs1883832 C > T |
P
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GG (44) | GT (63) | TT (26) | CC (37) | CT (75) | TT (21) | |||
Age | 0.858 | 0.883 | ||||||
< 61 years | 25 (56.82) | 39 (61.90) | 16 (61.54) | 13 (61.90) | 46 (61.33) | 21 (56.76) | ||
≥ 61 years | 19 (43.18) | 24 (38.10) | 10 (38.46) | 8 (38.10) | 29 (38.67) | 16 (43.24) | ||
Gender | 0.230 | 0.300 | ||||||
Male | 16 (36.36) | 14 (22.22) | 9 (34.62) | 8 (38.10) | 18 (24.00) | 13 (35.14) | ||
Female | 28 (63.64) | 49 (77.78) | 17 (65.38) | 13 (61.90) | 57 (76.00) | 24 (64.86) | ||
BMI (kg/m2) | 0.107 | 0.086 | ||||||
19 ≤ Y ≤ 26 | 33 (75) | 52 (82.54) | 16 (61.54) | 12 (57.14) | 59 (78.67) | 30 (81.08) | 33 (75) | |
Y < 19 or Y > 26 | 11 (25) | 11 (17.46) | 10 (38.46) | 9 (42.86) | 16 (21.33) | 7 (18.92) | 11 (25) | |
Smoking status (%) | 0.699 | 0.289 | ||||||
Yes | 10 (22.7) | 11 (17.46) | 4 (15.38) | 4 (19.05) | 11 (14.67) | 10 (27.03) | ||
No | 34 (77.3) | 52 (82.54) | 22 (84.62) | 17 (80.95) | 64 (85.33) | 27 (72.97) | ||
Alcohol consumption (%) | 0.911 | 0.943 | ||||||
Yes | 17 (38.61) | 22 (34.92) | 9 (34.62) | 7 (33.33) | 27 (36.00) | 14 (37.84) | ||
No | 27 (61.36) | 41 (65.08) | 17 (65.38) | 14 (66.67) | 48 (64.00) | 23 (62.16) | ||
Heavy labor | 10 (22.73) | 19 (30.16) | 8 (30.77) | 0.653 | 7 (33.33) | 18 (24.00) | 12 (32.43) | 0.534 |
The relationship between CD40 gene polymorphism and KOA severity
SNP | Severe | Moderate | Mild | χ2 |
P
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 40) | (n = 44) | (n = 49) | |||
rs4810485 G > T | |||||
GG | 26 (63.41) | 10 (23.26) | 8 (16.33) | ||
GT | 11 (27.5) | 24 (54.5) | 28 (57.1) | 25.38 | < 0.001 |
TT | 4 (10.00) | 9 (20.5) | 13 (26.53) | ||
G allele | 63 (78.75) | 44 (50.00) | 44 (44.90) | ||
T allele | 19 (23.75) | 42 (47.73) | 54 (55.10) | 20.17 | < 0.001 |
rs1883832 C > T | |||||
CC | 3 (7.32) | 7 (16.28) | 11 (22.4) | ||
CT | 20 (48.78) | 25 (58.14) | 30 (61.22) | 10.11 | 0.039 |
TT | 18 (43.90) | 11 (25.58) | 8 (16.33) | ||
C allele | 26 (32.50) | 39 (44.32) | 52 (53.06) | ||
T allele | 56 (70.00) | 47 (53.41) | 46 (46.94) | 8.358 | 0.015 |
Binary logistic regression analysis for disease severity of KOA
Variables | B | S.E. | Wald | Df |
P
| Exp (B) | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs4810485 TT | −1.528 | 0.612 | 6.238 | 1 | 0.013 | 0.217 | 0.065 ~ 0.720 |
rs1883832 TT | 1.333 | 0.671 | 3.942 | 1 | 0.047 | 3.793 | 1.017 ~ 14.140 |
Age | 0.601 | 0.46 | 1.703 | 1 | 0.192 | 1.824 | 0.740 ~ 4.496 |
Gender | 0.439 | 0.494 | 0.789 | 1 | 0.374 | 1.551 | 0.589 ~ 4.085 |
BMI | 0.421 | 0.595 | 0.499 | 1 | 0.480 | 1.523 | 0.474 ~ 4.892 |
Smoking status | 0.295 | 0.278 | 1.125 | 1 | 0.289 | 1.343 | 0.779 ~ 2.317 |
Alcohol consumption | −0.061 | 0.491 | 0.015 | 1 | 0.901 | 0.941 | 0.359 ~ 2.465 |
Heavy labor | −0.006 | 0.526 | 0 | 1 | 0.991 | 0.994 | 0.355 ~ 2.788 |
Living environment | −3.491 | 1.13 | 9.538 | 1 | 0.002 | 0.030 | 0.003 ~ 0.279 |