Background
Methods
Participants & recruitment
Measures
Demographic characteristics
Family disease history
Physical activity
Sitting time
Outcome variables
Analyses
N | Total | men | women |
pa
| |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants (%) | 11,268 | 18.9 | 81.1 | <.001 | |
Age in Years (Mean, SD) | 11,268 | 40.0 (13.5) | 41.6 (14.7) | 39.6 (13.2) | <.001 |
Proportion of life lived in the U.S. (%) | 11,268 | 52.2 | 58.1 | 50.8 | <.001 |
Currently Employed (%) | 10,688 | 41.1 | 70.3 | 34.1 | <.001 |
High school or less (%) | 11,242 | 51.7 | 50.9 | 51.8 | .438 |
Health outcomes
| |||||
BMI (Mean, SD) | 10,822 | 30.25 (6.40) | 29.41 (5.48) | 30.21 (6.56) | <.001 |
Obese (%) | 10,822 | 45.5 | 38.9 | 45.9 | <.001 |
Overweight, not obese (%) | 10,822 | 35.3 | 42.6 | 33.1 | <.001 |
Diabetes (%) | 11,268 | 12.1 | 13.0 | 11.9 | .144 |
Hypertension (%) | 11,268 | 16.4 | 16.4 | 16.6 | .875 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 11,268 | 16.2 | 18.4 | 15.7 | .002 |
Family History
| |||||
Diabetes (%) | 11,268 | 38.5 | 34.3 | 39.5 | <.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 11,268 | 30.9 | 21.9 | 33.0 | <.001 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 11,268 | 12.8 | 7.6 | 14.0 | <.001 |
Sitting hrs/day (Mean, SD) | 11,256 | 3.69 (2.39) | 3.90 (2.69) | 3.64 (2.32) | <.001 |
Sitting mins/day (Mean, SD) | 11,256 | 221.4 (143.5) | 234.0 (161.4) | 218.4 (138.9) | <.001 |
Strenuous PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 11,126 | 7.2 (21.6) | 21.0 (35.4) | 3.70 (15.0) | <.001 |
Moderate PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 11,090 | 10.2 (22.8) | 15.5 (29.4) | 8.8 (21.0) | <.001 |
Light PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 11,197 | 50.4 (35.4) | 29.5 (35.4) | 55.2 (33.9) | <.001 |
Results
Participant characteristics
1-2 hours | 2-4 hours | more than 4 hours |
p-valuea
| |
---|---|---|---|---|
Proportion of participants (%) | 27.0 | 41.1 | 32.0 | |
Demographics
| ||||
Female (%) | 82.4 | 80.6 | 80.6 | .056 |
Age in Years (Mean, SD) | 40.9 (12.3) | 40.0 (13.3) | 39.1 (14.8) | <.001 |
Proportion of life lived in the U.S. | 45.9 | 48.0 | 62.1 | <.001 |
Currently employed (%) | 43.1 | 40.0 | 41.3 | .136 |
High school or less (%) | 53.9 | 51.4 | 50.4 | .005 |
Hours of Sleep/day (Mean, SD) | 7.20 (1.39) | 7.32 (1.36) | 7.38 (1.53) | <.001 |
Health outcomes
| ||||
BMI (Mean, SD) | 29.4 (5.6) | 30.0 (6.1) | 31.1 (6.9) | <.001 |
Obesity (%) | 39.8 | 44.1 | 51.8 | <.001 |
Overweight, not obese (%) | 40.2 | 36.3 | 29.8 | <.001 |
Diabetes (%) | 10.8 | 11.5 | 13.8 | <.001 |
Hypertension (%) | 15.5 | 16.2 | 17.4 | .030 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 15.6 | 16.4 | 16.4 | .383 |
Family History
| ||||
Diabetes (%) | 36.2 | 38.7 | 39.8 | .002 |
Hypertension (%) | 28.2 | 30.7 | 33.1 | <.001 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 11.0 | 12.9 | 14.0 | <.001 |
Physical activity
| ||||
Strenuous PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 6.6 (20.9) | 7.8 (23.2) | 6.2 (20.0) | .474 |
Moderate PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 11.0 (24.1) | 9.8 (22.9) | 9.5 (21.7) | .007 |
Light PA min/day (Mean, SD) | 49.8 (35.7) | 53.1 (35.6) | 47.4 (35.5) | .007 |
Sitting time and health outcomes
Obesityb OR (95% CI) | Diabetes OR (95% CI) | Hypertension OR (95% CI) | High cholesterol OR (95% CI) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 0.34** | 0.01** | 0.00** | .011** | ||||
Demographics
| (1.06, 1.07) | |||||||
Age | 1.01** | (1.01, 1.01) | 1.07** | (1.06, 1.07) | 1.08** | (1.08, 1.09) | 1.07** | |
Female | 1.18** | (1.06, 1.33) | 0.94 | (0.79, 1.12) | 1.12 | (0.95, 1.32) | 0.90 | (0.77, 1.05) |
Educational attainment | 0.96 | (0.88, 1.04) | 1.01 | (0.89, 1.16) | 1.05 | (0.93, 1.18) | 0.98 | (0.87, 1.09) |
Proportion of life in U.S. | 1.89** | (1.66, 2.15) | 1.11* | (1.02, 1.21) | 1.18** | (1.05, 1.33) | 1.02 | (0.93, 1.13) |
Currently Employed | 0.99 | (0.90, 1.07) | 0.80** | (0.70, 0.93) | 0.85* | (0.75, 0.97) | 1.11 | (0.99, 1.26) |
Hours of sleep | 0.94** | (0.91, 0.97) | 0.97 | (0.92, 1.02) | 0.96 | (0.92, 1.01) | 0.99 | (0.94, 1.03) |
Family history (yes vs no) | N/A | 2.59** | (2.28, 2.96) | 1.70** | (1.50, 1.92) | 1.95** | (1.67, 2.28) | |
Physical Activity
| (0.73, 1.06) | |||||||
Strenuous hrs/day PA | 0.82** | (0.73, 0.93) | 0.70** | (0.55, 0.89) | 0.91 | (0.75, 1.11) | 0.88 | |
Moderate hrs/ day PA | 0.83** | (0.74, 0.92) | 0.99 | (0.83, 1.18) | 0.85* | (0.72, 0.98) | 1.18* | (1.03, 1.37) |
Light hrs/ day PA | 1.03 | (0.96, 1.11) | 0.90 | (0.81, 1.01) | 1.01 | (0.90, 1.10) | 1.04 | (0.94, 1.14) |
Sitting time
| ||||||||
1-2 hours sitting/day | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||||
2-4 hours sitting/day | 1.21** | (1.10, 1.34) | 1.04 | (0.89, 1.23) | 1.06 | (0.92, 1.23) | 1.07 | (0.93, 1.23) |
> 4 hours sitting/day | 1.55** | (1.39, 1.73) | 1.29** | (1.01, 1.52) | 1.17* | (1.01, 1.37) | 1.07 | (0.93, 1.24) |