Background
Methods
Data
Sleep duration and insomnia-related questions
Sociodemographic factors
Socioeconomic circumstances
Health status
Statistical analyses
Sleep duration1
| ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<5 h | 5 h | 6 h | 7 h | 8 h | 9 h | ≥10 h | ||
N2
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
Gender
3
| 5578 | |||||||
Male | 2542 | 4.92 (4.16, 5.80) | 3.03 (2.40, 3.82) | 12.5 (11.2, 13.8) | 37.9 (36.0, 39.8) | 33.6 (31.9, 35.4) | 5.55 (4.66, 6.52) | 2.52 (1.98, 3.20) |
Female | 3036 | 4.26 (3.56, 5.09) | 2.63 (2.15, 3.22) | 9.77 (8.67, 11.0) | 32.6 (31.0, 34.3) | 38.1 (36.4, 39.8) | 9.73 (8.76, 10.8) | 2.93 (2.41, 3.57) |
Age
4
| 5578 | |||||||
30–39 | 1343 | 2.10 (1.45, 3.04) | 1.28 (0.81, 2.01) | 9.07 (7.72, 10.6) | 34.1 (31.5, 36.9) | 40.5 (37.8, 43.3) | 11.3 (9.75, 13.0) | 1.59 (1.05, 2.42) |
40–49 | 1443 | 2.87 (2.01, 3.92) | 2.23 (1.66, 2.98) | 10.0 (8.64, 11.5) | 37.7 (35.1, 40.4) | 38.9 (36.3, 41.5) | 6.17 (5.12, 7.41) | 2.17 (1.54, 3.05) |
50–59 | 1311 | 4.69 (3.61, 6.06) | 3.37 (2.49, 4.56) | 12.6 (10.7, 14.6) | 38.0 (35.6, 40.5) | 34.2 (31.6, 36.8) | 4.90 (3.87, 6.18) | 2.29 (1.58, 3.30) |
60–69 | 910 | 5.84 (4.50, 7.54) | 3.41 (2.37, 4.89) | 10.4 (8.56, 12.6) | 33.5 (30.6, 36.6) | 33.6 (30.6, 36.6) | 9.10 (7.41, 11.1) | 4.12 (2.97, 5.69) |
70–79 | 571 | 11.8 (9.54, 14.6) | 5.41 (3.85, 7.56) | 15.4 (12.4, 18.9) | 26.8 (23.6, 30.2) | 26.9 (23.2, 30.9) | 8.18 (5.86, 11.3) | 5.47 (3.94, 7.57) |
Parental education
| 5445 | |||||||
High | 338 | 3.11 (1.55, 6.12) | 0.77 (0.19, 2.98) | 11.6 (8.60, 15.4) | 35.9 (31.0, 41.1) | 37.7 (32.5, 43.2) | 9.48 (6.86, 13.0) | 1.50 (0.59, 3.76) |
Intermediate | 432 | 3.10 (1.65, 5.77) | 3.87 (2.25, 6.57) | 9.77 (7.12, 13.2) | 34.8 (30.8, 39.1) | 36.7 (32.2, 41.4) | 7.78 (5.67, 10.6) | 3.96 (2.34, 6.60) |
Low | 4581 | 4.56 (3.97, 5.22) | 2.84 (2.38, 3.39) | 11.2 (10.3, 12.1) | 35.3 (33.9, 36.7) | 35.8 (34.4, 37.2) | 7.64 (6.91, 8.45) | 2.72 (2.27, 3.26) |
Do not know | 94 | 6.29 (2.99, 12.7) | 3.76 (1.46, 9.34) | 6.34 (3.02, 12.9) | 37.8 (28.7, 47.8) | 36.8 (28.4, 46.0) | 8.12 (3.92, 16.1) | 0.89 (0.12, 6.27) |
Marital status
| 5578 | |||||||
Married/living together | 4060 | 4.05 (3.40, 4.80) | 2.49 (2.03, 3.05) | 9.82 (8.87, 10.9) | 35.9 (34.3, 37.6) | 37.5 (36.2, 38.9) | 7.72 (6.92, 8.61) | 2.44 (1.98, 3.00) |
Single | 621 | 6.04 (4.32, 8.39) | 2.42 (1.43, 4.08) | 13.1 (10.5, 16.1) | 31.6 (28.1, 35.3) | 32.8 (29.1, 36.7) | 9.18 (7.20, 11.6) | 4.90 (3.37, 7.07) |
Divorced/separated | 553 | 6.35 (4.55, 8.80) | 4.08 (2.78, 5.95) | 15.5 (12.8, 18.6) | 33.1 (29.7, 36.6) | 29.8 (26.1, 33.8) | 7.51 (5.70, 9.83) | 3.64 (2.38, 5.53) |
Widowed | 344 | 4.78 (3.23, 7.01) | 4.44 (2.76, 7.06) | 14.4 (11.0, 18.5) | 35.4 (29.9, 41.2) | 33.5 (28.5, 38.9) | 5.45 (3.39, 8.65) | 2.10 (1.18, 3.68) |
Number of children
| 5568 | |||||||
No under 18 years old children | 3633 | 4.77 (4.16, 5.46) | 2.94 (2.42, 3.56) | 11.5 (10.3, 12.7) | 34.6 (32.8, 36.3) | 35.4 (33.7, 37.2) | 7.80 (6.87, 8.84) | 3.03 (2.52, 3.63) |
Under 7-year-olds | 414 | 3.85 (1.79, 8.07) | 0.44 (0.06, 3.32) | 9.78 (6.93, 13.6) | 35.5 (31.0, 40.2) | 39.0 (34.0, 44.2) | 10.1 (7.33, 13.7) | 1.41 (0.52, 3.71) |
7–17-year-olds | 1125 | 3.93 (2.73, 5.62) | 2.57 (1.60, 4.11) | 10.7 (8.98, 12.7) | 37.6 (34.8, 40.5) | 36.8 (34.1, 39.5) | 6.42 (5.14, 7.99) | 1.96 (1.21, 3.17) |
Both | 396 | 3.52 (1.73, 7.04) | 4.17 (2.16, 7.90) | 8.99 (6.15, 13.0) | 36.1 (31.4, 41.1) | 37.4 (32.7, 42.4) | 8.40 (5.96, 11.7) | 1.38 (0.50, 3.76) |
Own education (years)
| 5560 | |||||||
high (> 12) | 2045 | 2.71 (1.96, 3.73) | 1.60 (1.06, 2.40) | 10.1 (8.82, 11.6) | 37.0 (34.8, 39.2) | 38.6 (36.4, 40.9) | 8.11 (7.05, 9.32) | 1.87 (1.32, 2.66) |
medium (10–12) | 1551 | 4.90 (3.85, 6.21) | 3.70 (2.78, 4.89) | 10.9 (9.46, 12.6) | 36.5 (33.8, 39.4) | 34.2 (31.8, 36.8) | 6.84 (5.76, 8.10) | 2.85 (2.05, 3.94) |
low (7–9) | 1559 | 5.54 (4.48, 6.83) | 3.22 (2.51, 4.12) | 11.7 (10.0, 13.7) | 33.3 (30.4, 36.4) | 35.1 (32.6, 37.7) | 8.00 (6.61, 9.64) | 3.08 (2.37, 4.01) |
very low (< 7) | 405 | 5.56 (3.92, 7.83) | 2.96 (1.80, 4.83) | 13.3 (10.1, 17.3) | 30.4 (25.5, 35.8) | 34.0 (29.1, 39.2) | 9.75 (6.33, 14.7) | 4.10 (2.68, 6.21) |
Household income level
| 5453 | |||||||
Highest income quartile | 1491 | 3.80 (2.91, 4.95) | 2.32 (1.60, 3.35) | 10.4 (8.95, 11.9) | 40.4 (38.0, 42.9) | 35.9 (33.4, 38.5) | 5.89 (4.84, 7.20) | 1.28 (0.82, 2.00) |
3rd
| 1528 | 4.25 (3.30, 5.45) | 2.52 (1.72, 3.67) | 10.6 (9.07, 12.4) | 35.5 (32.7, 38.4) | 37.4 (35.0, 39,9) | 8.06 (6.82, 9.50) | 1.59 (1.04, 2.40) |
2nd
| 1314 | 5.13 (4.09, 6.42) | 2.97 (2.16, 4.05) | 11.2 (9.50, 13.0) | 34.0 (31.5, 36.5) | 35.6 (33.1, 38.1) | 7.85 (6.43, 9.54) | 3.38 (2.60, 4.39) |
Lowest income quartile | 1120 | 5.15 (4.10, 6.45) | 3.86 (2.98, 4.99) | 11.9 (10.1, 13.8) | 29.8 (27.2, 32.5) | 34.7 (31.7, 37.7) | 10.0 (8.28, 12.0) | 4.68 (3.62, 6.03) |
Employment status
| 5578 | |||||||
Working | 3363 | 4.44 (3.39, 5.81) | 2.67 (1.93, 3.70) | 11.7 (10.4, 13.1) | 39.4 (37.3, 41.6) | 35.7 (33.9, 37.5) | 5.27 (4.55, 6.09) | 0.83 (0.58, 1.17) |
Unemployed | 420 | 6.53 (4.21, 9.97) | 3.80 (2.21, 6.43) | 10.3 (7.48, 14.0) | 31.8 (27.5, 36.4) | 33.6 (29.2, 38.2) | 9.20 (7.03, 12.0) | 4.81 (3.16, 7.24) |
Disability pension | 427 | 5.74 (4.01, 8.15) | 4.33 (2.78, 6.70) | 11.1 (8.51, 14.4) | 24.9 (20.9, 29.3) | 31.2 (27.0, 35.7) | 13.7 (9.65, 19.1) | 8.97 (6.10, 13.0) |
Old age retirement | 1022 | 3.86 (2.94, 5.06) | 2.45 (1.65, 3.63) | 9.35 (7.45, 11.7) | 25.5 (21.9, 29.5) | 35.2 (30.7, 40.0) | 18.1 (13.2, 24.4) | 5.44 (3.39, 8.61) |
Other pension | 135 | 5.06 (2.78, 9.03) | 1.08 (0.28, 4.08) | 6.90 (3.79, 12.2) | 34.1 (26.1, 43.1) | 37.0 (28.2, 46.7) | 12.1 (6.92, 20.3) | 3.76 (1.54, 8.90) |
Other | 211 | 3.87 (1.49, 9.65) | 2.41 (0.72, 7.72) | 9.15 (5.74, 14.3) | 27.0 (20.8, 34.2) | 40.7 (33.4, 48.3) | 11.8 (8.71, 15.8) | 5.12 (2.82, 9.12) |
Residential area
| 5578 | |||||||
Urban town | 3421 | 4.23 (3.60, 4.96) | 2.63 (2.14, 3.24) | 11.5 (10.5, 12.6) | 36.2 (34.5, 37.9) | 35.5 (34.0, 37.0) | 7.66 (6.81, 8.59) | 2.33 (1.91, 2.84) |
Densely populated municipality | 805 | 5.14 (4.06, 6.48) | 2.95 (2.15, 4.01) | 9.50 (7.17, 12.5) | 34.0 (31.1, 37.0) | 37.7 (34.5, 40.8) | 7.55 (5.89, 9.63) | 3.20 (2.37, 4.31) |
Rural municipality | 1352 | 5.01 (3.92, 6.38) | 3.22 (2.29, 4.52) | 10.8 (9.13, 12.6) | 33.1 (30.9, 35.4) | 35.7 (33.5, 38.0) | 8.70 (7.39, 10.2) | 3.47 (2.50, 4.79) |
Self-perceived health
| 5568 | |||||||
Good | 1899 | 3.02 (2.21, 4.10) | 1.92 (1.34, 2.75) | 9.90 (8.58, 11.4) | 37.9 (35.7, 40.2) | 38.2 (36.1, 40.4) | 7.77 (6.60, 9.04) | 1.28 (0.85, 1.92) |
Quite good | 1709 | 4.21 (3.37, 5.25) | 1.73 (1.19, 2.52) | 10.9 (9.38, 12.5) | 37.0 (34.8, 39.3) | 36.4 (34.4, 38.6) | 7.56 (6.52, 8.74) | 2.20 (1.64, 2.93) |
Mediocre | 1425 | 4.78 (3.91, 5.85) | 3.40 (2.63, 4.38) | 12.5 (10.8, 14.3) | 32.5 (30.2, 35.0) | 35.3 (32.9, 37.8) | 7.75 (6.38, 9.38) | 3.74 (2.98, 4.68) |
Quite poor | 401 | 5.61 (3.85, 8.09) | 5.23 (3.41, 7.95) | 13.3 (10.2, 17.2) | 31.5 (27.3, 36.1) | 31.1 (26.5, 36.0) | 7.71 (5.37, 10.9) | 5.51 (3.58, 8.37) |
Poor | 134 | 16.6 (10.6, 24.9) | 10.6 (6.61, 16.5) | 9.58 (5.68, 15.7) | 18.8 (12.9, 26.6) | 23.7 (16.7, 32.5) | 12.9 (8.19, 19.8) | 7.83 (4.40, 13.5) |
Total (N)
|
5578
|
251
|
156
|
605
|
1942
|
2018
|
451
|
155
|
Insomnia-related symptoms1
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
No | Occasional | Frequent | ||
N2
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |
Gender
3
| 5578 | |||
Male | 2542 | 69.3 (67.6, 71.1) | 20.6 (19.1, 22.2) | 10.0 (9.00, 11.2) |
Female | 3036 | 63.0 (61.2, 64.7) | 22.9 (21.4, 24.5) | 14.1 (13.0, 15.3) |
Age
4
| 5578 | |||
30–39 | 1343 | 76.7 (74.3, 79.0) | 16.8 (14.9, 18.9) | 6.51 (5.29, 7.98) |
40–49 | 1443 | 69.4 (66.9, 71.8) | 20.7 (18.7, 22.9) | 9.85 (8.49, 11.4) |
50–59 | 1311 | 61.9 (59.0, 64.7) | 22.8 (20.4, 25.4) | 15.3 (13.4, 17.4) |
60–69 | 910 | 59.8 (56.8, 62.8) | 24.3 (21.7, 27.2) | 15.8 (13.5, 18.5) |
70–79 | 571 | 53.1 (49.5, 56.7) | 29.3 (26.1, 32.7) | 17.6 (14.8, 20.9) |
Parental education
| 5445 | |||
High | 338 | 68.0 (62.8, 72.7) | 20.4 (16.3, 25.3) | 11.6 (8.51, 15.6) |
Intermediate | 432 | 68.6 (64.2, 72.7) | 18.6 (15.3, 22.5) | 12.8 (9.80, 16.4) |
Low | 4581 | 65.7 (64.3, 67.2) | 22.3 (21.1, 23.6) | 11.9 (11.1, 12.9) |
Do not know | 94 | 71.4 (62.3, 79.0) | 11.2 (6.35, 19.1) | 17.4 (11.5, 25.4) |
Marital status
| 5578 | |||
Married/living together | 4060 | 67.5 (66.1, 68.8) | 21.0 (19.8, 22.2) | 11.6 (10.7, 12.5) |
Single | 621 | 63.9 (59.9, 67.7) | 24.4 (21.1, 28.0) | 11.7 (9.21, 14.8) |
Divorced/separated | 553 | 61.8 (57.5, 65.9) | 21.5 (18.3, 25.2) | 16.7 (13.5, 20.5) |
Widowed | 344 | 59.3 (54.0, 64.5) | 27.4 (22.5, 32.9) | 13.3 (10.5, 16.7) |
Number of children
| 5568 | |||
No under 18 years old children | 3633 | 63.7 (62.0, 65.3) | 22.6 (21.2, 24.2) | 13.7 (12.6, 14.9) |
Under 7-year-olds | 414 | 72.5 (67.5, 77.0) | 22.7 (18.4, 27.5) | 4.82 (2.91, 7.91) |
7–17-year-olds | 1125 | 69.8 (66.9, 72.5) | 19.9 (17.6, 22.4) | 10.3 (8.64, 12.2) |
Both | 396 | 72.9 (67.8, 77.5) | 19.0 (15.0, 23.6) | 8.10 (5.64, 11.5) |
Own education (years)
| 5560 | |||
high (> 12) | 2045 | 68.6 (66.6, 70.6) | 21.6 (19.8, 23.6) | 9.76 (8.37, 11.4) |
medium (10–12) | 1551 | 65.3 (62.5, 68.0) | 21.6 (19.4, 24.0) | 13.1 (11.3, 15.0) |
low (7–9) | 1559 | 63.3 (60.8, 65.7) | 22.8 (20.8, 25.0) | 13.9 (12.2, 15.7) |
very low (< 7) | 405 | 67.4 (62.7, 71.8) | 20.5 (17.0, 24.6) | 12.1 (9.55, 15.1) |
Household income level
| 5453 | |||
Highest income quartile | 1491 | 68.9 (66.4, 71.3) | 21.3 (19.2, 23.4) | 9.88 (8.43, 11.6) |
3rd
| 1528 | 69.4 (67.1, 71.7) | 20.3 (18.3, 22.5) | 10.2 (8.69, 12.0) |
2nd
| 1314 | 63.1 (60.5, 65.7) | 23.7 (21.5, 25.9) | 13.2 (11.7, 15.0) |
Lowest income quartile | 1120 | 60.5 (57.8, 63.1) | 23.4 (20.8, 26.1) | 16.2 (14.2, 18.4) |
Employment status
| 5578 | |||
Working | 3363 | 68.9 (66.8, 71.0) | 21.6 (19.9, 23.5) | 9.46 (8.16, 10.9) |
Unemployed | 420 | 53.2 (48.6, 57.6) | 24.3 (20.6, 28.5) | 22.5 (18.6, 27.0) |
Disability pension | 427 | 54.0 (48.8, 59.2) | 22.2 (18.5, 26.6) | 23.7 (19.7, 28.3) |
Old age retirement | 1022 | 68.4 (64.3, 72.3) | 20.8 (17.6, 24.3) | 10.8 (8.67, 13.4) |
Other pension | 135 | 66.7 (59.2, 73.4) | 20.6 (15.3, 27.0) | 12.8 (8.40, 18.9) |
Other | 211 | 58.7 (50.9, 66.0) | 27.9 (21.6, 35.2) | 13.4 (8.78, 19.9) |
Residential area
| 5578 | |||
Urban town | 3421 | 65.7 (64.0, 67.3) | 22.0 (20.5, 23.5) | 12.4 (11.2, 13.5) |
Densely populated municipality | 805 | 66.7 (64.0, 69.2) | 21.8 (19.5, 24.2) | 11.6 (9.67, 13.8) |
Rural municipality | 1352 | 66.3 (63.6, 68.8) | 21.4 (19.3, 23.8) | 12.3 (11.0, 13.7) |
Self-perceived health
| 5568 | |||
Good | 1899 | 79.9 (78.0, 81.6) | 15.4 (13.9, 17.1) | 4.71 (3.89, 5.70) |
Quite good | 1709 | 68.0 (65.8, 70.0) | 22.8 (20.8, 25.0) | 9.19 (7.92, 10.6) |
Mediocre | 1425 | 56.9 (54.1, 59.7) | 27.3 (25.0, 29.8) | 15.7 (13.9, 17.8) |
Quite poor | 401 | 40.3 (35.6, 45.2) | 25.7 (21.4, 30.5) | 34.0 (29.0, 39.4) |
Poor | 134 | 31.1 (23.4, 40.1) | 23.0 (16.2, 31.6) | 45.9 (36.7, 55.4) |
Total (N)
|
5578
|
3690
|
1212
|
676
|
Model 1 Adjusted for age and gender | Model 2 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children and area | Model 3 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status and income | Model 4 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status, income and self-perceived health | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
MARITAL STATUS
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.74 (1.15, 2.64) | 0.009 | 1.68 (1.09, 2.58) | 0.02 | 1.43 (0.89, 2.31) | 0.14 | 1.45 (0.90, 2.36) | 0.13 |
Divorced/separated | 1.76 (1.13, 2.72) | 0.01 | 1.79 (1.16, 2.75) | 0.009 | 1.82 (1.16, 2.86) | 0.009 | 1.70 (1.06, 2.71) | 0.03 |
Widowed | 1.22 (0.73, 2.03) | 0.45 | 1.20 (0.72, 2.01) | 0.49 | 1.23 (0.73, 2.08) | 0.43 | 1.28 (0.76, 2.18) | 0.35 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.13 (0.62, 2.03) | 0.69 | 1.05 (0.56, 1.98) | 0.88 | 0.91 (0.48, 1.72) | 0.76 | 0.92 (0.48, 1.76) | 0.80 |
Divorced/separated | 1.82 (1.11, 2.97) | 0.02 | 1.80 (1.11, 2.92) | 0.02 | 1.48 (0.89, 2.47) | 0.13 | 1.28 (0.76, 2.13) | 0.35 |
Widowed | 1.83 (1.07, 3.15) | 0.03 | 1.82 (1.06, 3.14) | 0.03 | 1.79 (1.02, 3.14) | 0.04 | 1.91 (1.09, 3.36) | 0.02 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.52 (1.13, 2.05) | 0.006 | 1.48 (1.06, 2.08) | 0.02 | 1.50 (1.07, 2.09) | 0.02 | 1.50 (1.07, 2.10) | 0.02 |
Divorced/separated | 1.73 (1.34, 2.23) | <0.0001 | 1.70 (1.30, 2.21) | 0.0001 | 1.66 (1.26, 2.17) | 0.0003 | 1.66 (1.26, 2.18) | 0.0003 |
Widowed | 1.49 (1.03, 2.16) | 0.03 | 1.49 (1.03, 2.15) | 0.04 | 1.37 (0.93, 2.02) | 0.11 | 1.39 (0.95, 2.05) | 0.09 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 0.99 (0.80, 1.23) | 0.95 | 0.98 (0.78, 1.24) | 0.88 | 0.91 (0.71, 1.15) | 0.42 | 0.91 (0.71, 1.15) | 0.41 |
Divorced/separated | 0.86 (0.70. 1.06) | 0.16 | 0.86 (0.70, 1.07) | 0.18 | 0.86 (0.68, 1.09) | 0.21 | 0.87 (0.69, 1.10) | 0.24 |
Widowed | 0.90 (0.67, 1.22) | 0.50 | 0.89 (0.66, 1.20) | 0.44 | 0.87 (0.63, 1.20) | 0.39 | 0.89 (0.64, 1.22) | 0.46 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.35 (0.99, 1.84) | 0.06 | 1.36 (0.98, 1.88) | 0.07 | 1.09 (0.76, 1.56) | 0.63 | 1.09 (0.76, 1.56) | 0.65 |
Divorced/separated | 1.05 (0.74, 1.49) | 0.78 | 1.09 (0.76, 1.55) | 0.64 | 1.04 (0.72, 1.52) | 0.83 | 1.04 (0.71, 1.51) | 0.85 |
Widowed | 0.71 (0.41, 1.23) | 0.23 | 0.64 (0.37, 1.11) | 0.11 | 0.57 (0.32, 1.03) | 0.06 | 0.59 (0.33, 1.05) | 0.07 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 2.33 (1.51, 3.58) | 0.0001 | 2.04 (1.30, 3.22) | 0.002 | 1.63 (1.01, 2.66) | 0.05 | 1.66 (1.03, 2.70) | 0.04 |
Divorced/separated | 1.66 (0.99, 2.77) | 0.05 | 1.62 (0.96, 2.73) | 0.07 | 1.51 (0.86, 2.63) | 0.15 | 1.45 (0.83, 2.54) | 0.19 |
Widowed | 0.88 (0.45, 1.74) | 0.72 | 0.82 (0.41, 1.64) | 0.57 | 0.85 (0.42, 1.73) | 0.66 | 0.87 (0.42, 1.77) | 0.69 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0001 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
NUMBER OF CHILDREN
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 0.77 (0.34, 1.74) | 0.53 | 0.94 (0.41, 2.14) | 0.89 | 0.98 (0.40, 2.38) | 0.96 | 1.04 (0.43, 2.48) | 0.93 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.75 (0.49, 1.16) | 0.19 | 0.84 (0.54, 1.29) | 0.42 | 0.83 (0.51, 1.33) | 0.44 | 0.83 (0.52, 1.34) | 0.45 |
Both | 0.70 (0.32, 1.52) | 0.37 | 0.83 (0.38, 1.81) | 0.64 | 0.83 (0.36, 1.91) | 0.67 | 0.91 (0.40, 2.08) | 0.82 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 0.14 (0.02, 1.15) | 0.07 | 0.15 (0.02, 1.23) | 0.08 | 0.13 (0.02, 1.04) | 0.05 | 0.14 (0.02, 1.10) | 0.06 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.80 (0.46, 1.39) | 0.43 | 0.80 (0.45, 1.43) | 0.46 | 0.70 (0.39, 1.26) | 0.24 | 0.71 (0.40, 1.29) | 0.26 |
Both | 1.35 (0.63, 2.92) | 0.44 | 1.38 (0.62, 3.07) | 0.43 | 1.12 (0.51, 2.45) | 0.78 | 1.25 (0.56, 2.76) | 0.58 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 0.83 (0.55, 1.25) | 0.37 | 0.99 (0.63, 1.53) | 0.95 | 0.92 (0.57, 1.49) | 0.73 | 0.94 (0.58, 1.53) | 0.82 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.86 (0.66, 1.11) | 0.24 | 0.96 (0.72, 1.28) | 0.79 | 0.86 (0.62, 1.18) | 0.35 | 0.86 (0.62, 1.19) | 0.37 |
Both | 0.75 (0.47, 1.18) | 0.22 | 0.88 (0.54, 1.43) | 0.60 | 0.79 (0.47, 1.33) | 0.37 | 0.82 (0.48, 1.38) | 0.44 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 1.07 (0.82, 1.40) | 0.60 | 1.06 (0.80, 1.40) | 0.70 | 0.87 (0.65, 1.17) | 0.36 | 0.88 (0.66, 1.18) | 0.39 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.95 (0.81, 1.12) | 0.56 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.11) | 0.44 | 0.87 (0.73, 1.05) | 0.16 | 0.88 (0.73, 1.06) | 0.16 |
Both | 1.01 (0.78, 1.30) | 0.93 | 0.99 (0.76, 1.30) | 0.95 | 0.83 (0.63, 1.10) | 0.20 | 0.84 (0.63, 1.12) | 0.23 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 1.26 (0.84, 1.91) | 0.26 | 1.44 (0.93, 2.25) | 0.10 | 0.88 (0.55, 1.42) | 0.60 | 0.89 (0.56, 1.44) | 0.64 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.76 (0.55, 1.04) | 0.08 | 0.82 (0.59, 1.14) | 0.23 | 0.80 (0.56, 1.15) | 0.23 | 0.81 (0.56, 1.15) | 0.24 |
Both | 1.03 (0.66, 1.60) | 0.89 | 1.15 (0.73, 1.80) | 0.54 | 0.84 (0.51, 1.38) | 0.49 | 0.86 (0.53, 1.41) | 0.55 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7–year-olds | 0.45 (0.16, 1.27) | 0.13 | 0.59 (0.20, 1.68) | 0.32 | 0.23 (0.06, 0.80) | 0.02 | 0.25 (0.07, 0.88) | 0.03 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.59 (0.35, 0.99) | 0.05 | 0.68 (0.40, 1.15) | 0.15 | 0.75 (0.43, 1.33) | 0.33 | 0.76 (0.44, 1.32) | 0.33 |
Both | 0.44 (0.15, 1.29) | 0.13 | 0.54 (0.18, 1.65) | 0.28 | 0.34 (0.11, 1.03) | 0.06 | 0.39 (0.13, 1.19) | 0.10 |
Global P-value
| 0.09 | 0.45 | 0.52 | 0.59 | ||||
n
| 5568 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
RESIDENTIAL AREA
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 1.30 (0.94, 1.79) | 0.11 | 1.35 (0.98, 1.87) | 0.07 | 1.32 (0.94, 1.85) | 0.11 | 1.37 (0.96, 1.95) | 0.08 |
Rural municipality | 1.30 (0.94, 1.80) | 0.11 | 1.34 (0.96, 1.86) | 0.08 | 1.26 (0.88, 1.81) | 0.21 | 1.28 (0.90, 1.81) | 0.17 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 1.20 (0.82, 1.75) | 0.36 | 1.28 (0.87, 1.88) | 0.21 | 1.10 (0.76, 1.58) | 0.62 | 1.18 (0.81, 1.71) | 0.39 |
Rural municipality | 1.35 (0.86, 2.11) | 0.19 | 1.38 (0.89, 2.15) | 0.15 | 1.29 (0.82, 2.03) | 0.27 | 1.27 (0.80, 2.02) | 0.31 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 0.88 (0.62, 1.24) | 0.47 | 0.92 (0.65, 1.30) | 0.63 | 0.87 (0.62, 1.23) | 0.43 | 0.87 (0.61, 1.23) | 0.43 |
Rural municipality | 1.03 (0.83, 1.28) | 0.80 | 1.06 (0.85, 1.31) | 0.60 | 1.00 (0.79, 1.26) | 0.98 | 0.99 (0.79, 1.25) | 0.95 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 1.13 (0.96, 1.32) | 0.13 | 1.13 (0.97, 1.33) | 0.13 | 1.09 (0.93, 1.28) | 0.28 | 1.09 (0.93, 1.28) | 0.30 |
Rural municipality | 1.10 (0.97, 1.25) | 0.14 | 1.09 (0.96, 1.24) | 0.16 | 1.09 (0.94, 1.25) | 0.27 | 1.08 (0.94, 1.25) | 0.28 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 1.05 (0.75, 1.47) | 0.77 | 1.09 (0.78, 1.52) | 0.63 | 0.93 (0.65, 1.32) | 0.69 | 0.91 (0.63, 1.31) | 0.61 |
Rural municipality | 1.24 (0.98, 1.58) | 0.07 | 1.26 (0.98, 1.61) | 0.07 | 1.17 (0.91, 1.51) | 0.22 | 1.16 (0.90, 1.50) | 0.26 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 1.47 (1.02, 2.12) | 0.04 | 1.55 (1.06, 2.28) | 0.02 | 1.53 (1.01, 2.29) | 0.04 | 1.59 (1.06, 2.40) | 0.02 |
Rural municipality | 1.64 (1.09, 2.47) | 0.02 | 1.74 (1.17, 2.59) | 0.006 | 1.45 (0.96, 2.20) | 0.08 | 1.45 (0.95, 2.20) | 0.08 |
Global P-value
| 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.03 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 |
Model 1 Adjusted for age and gender | Model 2 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children and area | Model 3 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status and income | Model 4 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status, income and self-perceived health | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
PARENTAL EDUCATION
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 1.05 (0.38, 2.86) | 0.93 | 1.05 (0.38, 2.89) | 0.93 | 0.89 (0.32, 2.46) | 0.82 | 0.90 (0.32, 2.52) | 0.84 |
Low | 1.52 (0.71, 3.24) | 0.28 | 1.44 (0.67, 3.09) | 0.35 | 0.93 (0.41, 2.11) | 0.87 | 0.91 (0.40, 2.07) | 0.81 |
Do not know | 1.96 (0.62, 6.20) | 0.25 | 1.79 (0.56, 5.74) | 0.33 | 0.93 (0.26, 3.36) | 0.91 | 0.90 (0.23, 3.43) | 0.87 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 5.27 (1.20, 23.2) | 0.03 | 5.31 (1.21, 23.3) | 0.03 | 4.47 (1.02, 19.6) | 0.05 | 4.51 (1.09, 18.7) | 0.04 |
Low | 3.84 (0.94, 15.6) | 0.06 | 3.61 (0.98, 14.7) | 0.07 | 2.36 (0.57, 9.76) | 0.24 | 2.31 (0.59, 9.12) | 0.23 |
Do not know | 4.73 (0.82, 27.4) | 0.08 | 4.36 (0.76, 25.1) | 0.10 | 2.56 (0.43, 15.3) | 0.30 | 2.54 (0.41, 15.7) | 0.31 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 0.87 (0.53, 1.44) | 0.60 | 0.88 (0.53, 1.46) | 0.63 | 0.87 (0.52, 1.44) | 0.59 | 0.87 (0.53, 1.45) | 0.60 |
Low | 0.99 (0.68, 1.43) | 0.95 | 0.98 (0.68, 1.42) | 0.92 | 0.90 (0.60, 1.33) | 0.59 | 0.89 (0.60, 1.33) | 0.58 |
Do not know | 0.53 (0.21, 1.29) | 0.16 | 0.48 (0.19, 1.19) | 0.12 | 0.44 (0.17, 1.11) | 0.08 | 0.44 (0.17, 1.11) | 0.08 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 1.00 (0.71, 1.40) | 1.00 | 0.99 (0.71, 1.39) | 0.96 | 0.97 (0.69, 1.35) | 0.84 | 0.98 (0.70, 1.37) | 0.90 |
Low | 0.96 (0.74, 1.26) | 0.79 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.22) | 0.65 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.22) | 0.63 | 0.94 (0.72, 1.24) | 0.68 |
Do not know | 0.93 (0.57, 1.51) | 0.76 | 0.91 (0.56, 1.49) | 0.71 | 0.81 (0.47, 1.39) | 0.45 | 0.82 (0.48, 1.41) | 0.47 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 0.84 (0.52, 1.38) | 0.50 | 0.85 (0.52, 1.39) | 0.51 | 0.80 (0.48, 1.33) | 0.38 | 0.81 (0.48, 1.35) | 0.41 |
Low | 0.82 (0.55, 1.22) | 0.33 | 0.82 (0.54, 1.23) | 0.33 | 0.77 (0.50, 1.18) | 0.23 | 0.77 (0.50, 1.19) | 0.24 |
Do not know | 0.81 (0.33, 1.98) | 0.65 | 0.67 (0.26, 1.70) | 0.40 | 0.36 (0.12, 1.08) | 0.07 | 0.36 (0.12, 1.08) | 0.07 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 2.76 (0.91, 8.37) | 0.07 | 2.63 (0.87, 7.93) | 0.08 | 2.19 (0.72, 6.68) | 0.17 | 2.37 (0.76, 7.35) | 0.14 |
Low | 1.88 (0.70, 5.00) | 0.21 | 1.58 (0.60, 4.18) | 0.35 | 1.11 (0.41, 3.02) | 0.84 | 1.15 (0.42, 3.17) | 0.78 |
Do not know | 0.57 (0.06, 5.47) | 0.63 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Global P-value
| 0.44 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
n
| 5445 | 5437 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
OWN EDUCATION
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 1.86 (1.21, 2.86) | 0.005 | 1.78 (1.14, 2.78) | 0.01 | 1.67 (1.02, 2.73) | 0.04 | 1.60 (0.97, 2.64) | 0.07 |
low (7–9) | 2.31 (1.46, 3.64) | 0.0003 | 2.17 (1.36, 3.48) | 0.001 | 2.03 (1.19, 3.46) | 0.009 | 1.84 (1.07, 3.16) | 0.03 |
very low (< 7) | 2.55 (1.46, 4.44) | 0.001 | 2.25 (1.27, 3.97) | 0.005 | 1.53 (0.79, 2.98) | 0.21 | 1.27 (0.64, 2.53) | 0.50 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 2.37 (1.44, 3.91) | 0.0007 | 2.25 (1.36, 3.71) | 0.002 | 2.11 (1.22, 3.63) | 0.007 | 1.97 (1.15, 3.38) | 0.01 |
low (7–9) | 2.27 (1.36, 3.79) | 0.002 | 2.10 (1.24, 3.56) | 0.006 | 1.79 (0.97, 3.31) | 0.06 | 1.54 (0.84, 2.82) | 0.16 |
very low (< 7) | 2.29 (1.14, 4.60) | 0.02 | 2.02 (1.03, 3.97) | 0.04 | 1.54 (0.73, 3.24) | 0.25 | 1.27 (0.60, 2.69) | 0.53 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 1.10 (0.87, 1.38) | 0.42 | 1.07 (0.85, 1.35) | 0.56 | 1.03 (0.81, 1.33) | 0.79 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.88 |
low (7–9) | 1.29 (0.99, 1.68) | 0.06 | 1.26 (0.96, 1.63) | 0.09 | 1.23 (0.91, 1.66) | 0.17 | 1.20 (0.88, 1.62) | 0.24 |
very low (< 7) | 1.61 (1.06, 2.43) | 0.02 | 1.54 (1.01, 2.34) | 0.05 | 1.39 (0.87, 2.23) | 0.17 | 1.34 (0.83, 2.15) | 0.23 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 0.89 (0.75, 1.07) | 0.21 | 0.89 (0.74, 1.06) | 0.18 | 0.85 (0.71, 1.02) | 0.09 | 0.85 (0.71, 1.02) | 0.08 |
low (7–9) | 1.01 (0.83, 1.22) | 0.95 | 0.98 (0.81, 1.19) | 0.83 | 0.92 (0.74, 1.15) | 0.46 | 0.92 (0.74, 1.14) | 0.44 |
very low (< 7) | 1.07 (0.78, 1.47) | 0.68 | 1.01 (0.73, 1.42) | 0.93 | 0.86 (0.59, 1.27) | 0.45 | 0.85 (0.57, 1.25) | 0.40 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 0.85 (0.65, 1.11) | 0.23 | 0.85 (0.64, 1.11) | 0.23 | 0.87 (0.64, 1.18) | 0.37 | 0.86 (0.64, 1.16) | 0.33 |
low (7–9) | 1.09 (0.81, 1.46) | 0.57 | 1.05 (0.78, 1.40) | 0.76 | 0.92 (0.66, 1.28) | 0.62 | 0.91 (0.65, 1.27) | 0.57 |
very low (< 7) | 1.46 (0.82, 2.60) | 0.20 | 1.31 (0.73, 2.35) | 0.37 | 0.92 (0.50, 1.72) | 0.80 | 0.90 (0.48, 1.67) | 0.73 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 1.55 (0.96, 2.51) | 0.07 | 1.42 (0.87, 2.31) | 0.16 | 1.26 (0.72, 2.20) | 0.43 | 1.19 (0.68, 2.10) | 0.55 |
low (7–9) | 1.84 (1.17, 2.92) | 0.009 | 1.54 (0.98, 2.44) | 0.06 | 1.03 (0.56, 1.90) | 0.93 | 0.90 (0.48, 1.69) | 0.74 |
very low (< 7) | 2.69 (1.46, 4.96) | 0.002 | 2.19 (1.15, 4.15) | 0.02 | 1.41 (0.65, 3.02) | 0.38 | 1.18 (0.53, 2.61) | 0.68 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.03 | 0.05 | ||||
n
| 5560 | 5550 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
HOUSEHOLD INCOME LEVEL
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.28 (0.87, 1.86) | 0.21 | 1.38 (0.93, 2.05) | 0.11 | 1.25 (0.81, 1.92) | 0.32 | 1.26 (0.81, 1.95) | 0.30 |
2nd
| 1.63 (1.09, 2.42) | 0.02 | 1.68 (1.13, 2.51) | 0.01 | 1.33 (0.81, 2.18) | 0.26 | 1.27 (0.77, 2.10) | 0.34 |
lowest income quartile | 1.87 (1.27, 2.77) | 0.002 | 1.74 (1.14, 2.65) | 0.01 | 1.34 (0.81, 2.21) | 0.25 | 1.28 (0.77, 2.12) | 0.34 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.24 (0.72, 2.12) | 0.44 | 1.39 (0.81, 2.38) | 0.23 | 1.11 (0.63, 1.96) | 0.72 | 1.07 (0.61, 1.89) | 0.82 |
2nd
| 1.54 (0.92, 2.58) | 0.10 | 1.63 (0.96, 2.76) | 0.07 | 1.29 (0.73, 2.30) | 0.38 | 1.23 (0.69, 2.19) | 0.48 |
lowest income quartile | 2.29 (1.38, 3.81) | 0.002 | 2.25 (1.33, 3.82) | 0.003 | 1.68 (0.91, 3.11) | 0.09 | 1.55 (0.84, 2.87) | 0.16 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.17 (0.90, 1.52) | 0.24 | 1.25 (0.94, 1.65) | 0.12 | 1.21 (0.91, 1.61) | 0.19 | 1.20 (0.90, 1.59) | 0.21 |
2nd
| 1.29 (1.00, 1.65) | 0.05 | 1.34 (1.03, 1.75) | 0.03 | 1.25 (0.93, 1.67) | 0.13 | 1.23 (0.92, 1.64) | 0.17 |
lowest income quartile | 1.56 (1.20, 2.02) | 0.0008 | 1.50 (1.13, 1.99) | 0.005 | 1.39 (0.98, 1.97) | 0.06 | 1.36 (0.96, 1.91) | 0.08 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.19 (1.01, 1.40) | 0.04 | 1.21 (1.03, 1.44) | 0.02 | 1.21 (1.01, 1.44) | 0.04 | 1.20 (1.01, 1.44) | 0.04 |
2nd
| 1.18 (0.99, 1.41) | 0.07 | 1.20 (1.01, 1.44) | 0.04 | 1.17 (0.96, 1.43) | 0.12 | 1.17 (0.96, 1.43) | 0.12 |
lowest income quartile | 1.31 (1.07, 1.60) | 0.009 | 1.36 (1.10, 1.68) | 0.005 | 1.32 (1.03, 1.70) | 0.03 | 1.31 (1.02, 1.68) | 0.04 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.56 (1.16, 2.11) | 0.004 | 1.66 (1.23, 2.24) | 0.0009 | 1.47 (1.07, 2.00) | 0.02 | 1.47 (1.08, 2.01) | 0.01 |
2nd
| 1.59 (1.15, 2.19) | 0.005 | 1.67 (1.21, 2.32) | 0.002 | 1.20 (0.80, 1.78) | 0.38 | 1.19 (0.80, 1.77) | 0.40 |
lowest income quartile | 2.31 (1.69, 3.15) | <0.0001 | 2.47 (1.77, 3.44) | <0.0001 | 1.67 (1.11, 2.50) | 0.01 | 1.65 (1.10, 2.48) | 0.01 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.41 (0.76, 2.61) | 0.27 | 1.72 (0.92, 3.20) | 0.09 | 1.16 (0.61, 2.20) | 0.65 | 1.13 (0.60, 2.12) | 0.71 |
2nd
| 3.17 (1.84, 5.46) | <0.0001 | 3.66 (2.09, 6.40) | <0.0001 | 1.75 (0.96, 3.20) | 0.07 | 1.60 (0.88, 2.92) | 0.12 |
lowest income quartile | 5.02 (2.83, 8.89) | <0.0001 | 5.29 (2.90, 9.65) | <0.0001 | 2.20 (1.12, 4.32) | 0.02 | 1.99 (1.02, 3.87) | 0.04 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.20 | 0.34 | ||||
n
| 5453 | 5453 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
| ||||||||
< 5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 1.82 (1.07, 3.09) | 0.03 | 1.65 (0.97, 2.81) | 0.06 | 1.34 (0.75, 2.39) | 0.32 | 1.15 (0.65, 2.04) | 0.63 |
Disability pension | 2.02 (1.16, 3.51) | 0.01 | 1.92 (1.10, 3.34) | 0.02 | 1.53 (0.81, 2.89) | 0.19 | 1.17 (0.62, 2.20) | 0.62 |
Old age retirement | 1.29 (0.74, 2.23) | 0.37 | 1.29 (0.74, 2.24) | 0.36 | 1.04 (0.57, 1.91) | 0.89 | 1.01 (0.54, 1.88) | 0.98 |
Other pension | 1.28 (0.61, 2.70) | 0.52 | 1.21 (0.57, 2.55) | 0.62 | 1.07 (0.49, 2.33) | 0.86 | 1.06 (0.48, 2.37) | 0.88 |
Other | 1.23 (0.43, 3.51) | 0.69 | 1.25 (0.43, 3.60) | 0.69 | 1.00 (0.30, 3.29) | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.28, 3.12) | 0.90 |
5 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 1.76 (0.93, 3.35) | 0.08 | 1.64 (0.87, 3.09) | 0.13 | 1.21 (0.63, 2.31) | 0.57 | 0.99 (0.52, 1.89) | 0.98 |
Disability pension | 2.54 (1.32, 4.88) | 0.005 | 2.52 (1.31, 4.82) | 0.005 | 2.08 (1.07, 4.03) | 0.03 | 1.40 (0.71, 2.77) | 0.33 |
Old age retirement | 1.37 (0.70, 2.70) | 0.36 | 1.42 (0.72, 2.80) | 0.31 | 1.13 (0.56, 2.28) | 0.74 | 0.97 (0.47, 1.99) | 0.94 |
Other pension | 0.46 (0.11, 1.87) | 0.27 | 0.44 (0.10, 1.86) | 0.26 | 0.37 (0.09, 1.51) | 0.17 | 0.36 (0.09, 1.47) | 0.15 |
Other | 1.29 (0.35, 4.68) | 0.70 | 1.44 (0.40, 5.26) | 0.58 | 1.40 (0.39, 5.05) | 0.61 | 1.25 (0.39, 4.02) | 0.71 |
6 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 1.09 (0.74, 1.60) | 0.66 | 0.99 (0.67, 1.46) | 0.94 | 0.85 (0.56, 1.30) | 0.46 | 0.84 (0.55, 1.28) | 0.42 |
Disability pension | 1.50 (1.05, 2.15) | 0.03 | 1.39 (0.96, 1.99) | 0.08 | 1.12 (0.77, 1.61) | 0.55 | 1.04 (0.72, 1.52) | 0.82 |
Old age retirement | 1.22 (0.89, 1.68) | 0.22 | 1.18 (0.85, 1.65) | 0.32 | 0.97 (0.67, 1.39) | 0.86 | 0.97 (0.68, 1.40) | 0.89 |
Other pension | 0.68 (0.35, 1.31) | 0.25 | 0.65 (0.33, 1.27) | 0.21 | 0.62 (0.31, 1.24) | 0.18 | 0.62 (0.31, 1.24) | 0.18 |
Other | 1.13 (0.64, 2.00) | 0.67 | 1.20 (0.68, 2.13) | 0.53 | 1.08 (0.59, 1.97) | 0.80 | 1.07 (0.59, 1.94) | 0.82 |
8 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 1.17 (0.93, 1.48) | 0.18 | 1.17 (0.93, 1.47) | 0.19 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.89 | 1.02 (0.79, 1.31) | 0.90 |
Disability pension | 1.40 (1.06, 1.85) | 0.02 | 1.41 (1.06, 1.86) | 0.02 | 1.31 (0.97, 1.77) | 0.08 | 1.31 (0.96, 1.79) | 0.09 |
Old age retirement | 1.55 (1.16, 2.07) | 0.003 | 1.60 (1.21, 2.14) | 0.001 | 1.45 (1.08, 1.94) | 0.01 | 1.45 (1.09, 1.94) | 0.01 |
Other pension | 1.21 (0.75, 1.96) | 0.43 | 1.20 (0.75, 1.93) | 0.45 | 1.12 (0.69, 1.81) | 0.65 | 1.12 (0.69, 1.82) | 0.64 |
Other | 1.69 (1.16, 2.45) | 0.006 | 1.68 (1.15, 2.46) | 0.007 | 1.60 (1.07, 2.37) | 0.02 | 1.61 (1.08, 2.39) | 0.02 |
9 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 2.19 (1.49, 3.21) | 0.0001 | 2.10 (1.43, 3.09) | 0.0002 | 1.90 (1.23, 2.92) | 0.003 | 1.87 (1.22, 2.87) | 0.004 |
Disability pension | 4.24 (2.55, 7.05) | <0.0001 | 4.07 (2.44, 6.79) | <0.0001 | 3.85 (2.29, 6.48) | <0.0001 | 3.62 (2.13, 6.15) | <0.0001 |
Old age retirement | 5.62 (3.33, 9.48) | <0.0001 | 5.61 (3.34, 9.43) | <0.0001 | 5.49 (3.11, 9.67) | <0.0001 | 5.46 (3.11, 9.60) | <0.0001 |
Other pension | 2.75 (1.32, 5.72) | 0.007 | 2.38 (1.14, 4.95) | 0.02 | 2.27 (1.06, 4.88) | 0.03 | 2.24 (1.04, 4.83) | 0.04 |
Other | 3.40 (2.28, 5.09) | <0.0001 | 3.34 (2.20, 5.06) | <0.0001 | 3.09 (2.02, 4.74) | <0.0001 | 3.08 (2.00, 4.74) | <0.0001 |
≥ 10 h vs. 7 h
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 7.22 (4.00, 13.0) | <0.0001 | 6.11 (3.39, 11.0) | <0.0001 | 4.60 (2.45, 8.64) | <0.0001 | 4.10 (2.19, 7.67) | <0.0001 |
Disability pension | 17.3 (9.29, 32.3) | <0.0001 | 15.2 (8.16, 28.2) | <0.0001 | 12.5 (6.51, 24.2) | <0.0001 | 9.53 (4.85, 18.7) | <0.0001 |
Old age retirement | 10.3 (5.24, 20.3) | <0.0001 | 11.1 (5.57, 22.2) | <0.0001 | 9.21 (4.43, 19.2) | <0.0001 | 9.23 (4.34, 19.6) | <0.0001 |
Other pension | 5.31 (1.82, 15.5) | 0.002 | 3.92 (1.16, 13.3) | 0.03 | 3.80 (1.09, 13.3) | 0.04 | 3.70 (1.07, 12.8) | 0.04 |
Other | 9.14 (4.51, 18.5) | <0.0001 | 11.4 (5.75, 22.7) | <0.0001 | 8.58 (3.88, 19.0) | <0.0001 | 8.27 (3.78, 18.1) | <0.0001 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 |
Model 1 Adjusted for age and gender | Model 2 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children and area | Model 3 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status and income | Model 4 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status, income and self-perceived health | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
MARITAL STATUS
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.23 (1.01, 1.51) | 0.04 | 1.12 (0.91, 1.39) | 0.28 | 1.06 (0.84, 1.33) | 0.63 | 1.05 (0.84, 1.32) | 0.66 |
Divorced/separated | 1.13 (0.90, 1.42) | 0.29 | 1.08 (0.86, 1.36) | 0.53 | 0.99 (0.78, 1.25) | 0.92 | 0.97 (0.76, 1.23) | 0.81 |
Widowed | 1.50 (1.13, 1.98) | 0.005 | 1.52 (1.14, 2.01) | 0.004 | 1.50 (1.14, 1.98) | 0.004 | 1.54 (1.17, 2.03) | 0.002 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Married/living together | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Single | 1.08 (0.80, 1.44) | 0.62 | 0.88 (0.65, 1.21) | 0.44 | 0.75 (0.54, 1.04) | 0.08 | 0.75 (0.55, 1.04) | 0.08 |
Divorced/separated | 1.60 (1.20, 2.12) | 0.001 | 1.46 (1.10, 1.91) | 0.008 | 1.17 (0.87, 1.56) | 0.30 | 1.06 (0.78, 1.45) | 0.71 |
Widowed | 1.33 (1.00, 1.77) | 0.05 | 1.38 (1.04, 1.83) | 0.03 | 1.20 (0.88, 1.63) | 0.26 | 1.24 (0.89, 1.72) | 0.20 |
Global P-value
| 0.0004 | 0.0006 | 0.02 | 0.02 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
NUMBER OF CHILDREN
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 0.87 (0.65, 1.16) | 0.35 | 0.89 (0.66, 1.19) | 0.42 | 0.86 (0.61, 1.19) | 0.36 | 0.89 (0.63, 1.24) | 0.48 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.80 (0.66, 0.96) | 0.02 | 0.82 (0.67, 1.00) | 0.05 | 0.79 (0.64, 0.97) | 0.02 | 0.79 (0.64, 0.97) | 0.03 |
Both | 0.73 (0.53, 0.99) | 0.04 | 0.74 (0.54, 1.03) | 0.07 | 0.64 (0.45, 0.91) | 0.01 | 0.68 (0.47, 0.97) | 0.04 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
No under 18 years old children | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Under 7-year-olds | 0.31 (0.18, 0.53) | <0.0001 | 0.31 (0.18, 0.53) | <0.0001 | 0.27 (0.15, 0.48) | <0.0001 | 0.30 (0.17, 0.54) | 0.0001 |
7–17-year-olds | 0.68 (0.54, 0.86) | 0.002 | 0.67 (0.52, 0.87) | 0.002 | 0.65 (0.50, 0.86) | 0.002 | 0.67 (0.51, 0.89) | 0.005 |
Both | 0.51 (0.34, 0.77) | 0.001 | 0.50 (0.33, 0.77) | 0.002 | 0.42 (0.27, 0.66) | 0.0002 | 0.49 (0.31, 0.78) | 0.003 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | 0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0002 | ||||
n
| 5568 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
RESIDENTIAL AREA
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 0.97 (0.83, 1.15) | 0.75 | 0.99 (0.83, 1.16) | 0.86 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) | 0.88 | 0.99 (0.84, 1.17) | 0.94 |
Rural municipality | 0.97 (0.81, 1.15) | 0.69 | 0.99 (0.83, 1.17) | 0.89 | 0.95 (0.79, 1.15) | 0.62 | 0.92 (0.77, 1.11) | 0.39 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Urban town | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Densely populated municipality | 0.92 (0.74, 1.15) | 0.47 | 0.96 (0.77, 1.19) | 0.69 | 0.86 (0.68, 1.09) | 0.22 | 0.92 (0.71, 1.19) | 0.53 |
Rural municipality | 0.99 (0.82, 1.18) | 0.88 | 1.03 (0.86, 1.23) | 0.75 | 0.96 (0.79, 1.17) | 0.71 | 0.94 (0.75, 1.17) | 0.59 |
Global P-value
| 0.94 | 0.98 | 0.77 | 0.87 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 |
Model 1 Adjusted for age and gender | Model 2 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children and area | Model 3 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status and income | Model 4 Adjusted for age, gender, marital status, children, area, education, parental education, employment status, income and self-perceived health | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | OR (95% CI) | P-value | |
PARENTAL EDUCATION
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 0.90 (0.62, 1.32) | 0.60 | 0.90 (0.62, 1.31) | 0.59 | 0.89 (0.60, 1.30) | 0.53 | 0.90 (0.61, 1.33) | 0.59 |
Low | 1.13 (0.84, 1.53) | 0.41 | 1.13 (0.83, 1.52) | 0.44 | 1.06 (0.77, 1.45) | 0.72 | 1.03 (0.75, 1.41) | 0.87 |
Do not know | 0.52 (0.26, 1.06) | 0.07 | 0.52 (0.25, 1.05) | 0.07 | 0.54 (0.26, 1.13) | 0.10 | 0.57 (0.27, 1.18) | 0.13 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
High | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Intermediate | 1.09 (0.68, 1.73) | 0.72 | 1.10 (0.69, 1.75) | 0.70 | 1.00 (0.62, 1.61) | 1.00 | 1.04 (0.63, 1.72) | 0.88 |
Low | 1.07 (0.73, 1.56) | 0.73 | 1.03 (0.70, 1.51) | 0.88 | 0.82 (0.55, 1.24) | 0.35 | 0.80 (0.52, 1.23) | 0.31 |
Do not know | 1.43 (0.77, 2.63) | 0.25 | 1.40 (0.76, 2.61) | 0.28 | 1.01 (0.52, 1.96) | 0.97 | 1.11 (0.52, 2.39) | 0.78 |
Global P-value
| 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.15 | ||||
n
| 5445 | 5437 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
OWN EDUCATION
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10-12) | 1.06 (0.89, 1.26) | 0.54 | 1.05 (0.88, 1.25) | 0.59 | 0.99 (0.83, 1.18) | 0.89 | 0.94 (0.78, 1.12) | 0.47 |
low (7–9) | 1.15 (0.96, 1.38) | 0.12 | 1.13 (0.94, 1.35) | 0.19 | 1.03 (0.84, 1.24) | 0.80 | 0.92 (0.76, 1.12) | 0.42 |
very low (< 7) | 0.97 (0.73, 1.30) | 0.83 | 0.94 (0.70, 1.25) | 0.65 | 0.78 (0.57, 1.06) | 0.11 | 0.69 (0.50, 0.95) | 0.02 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
high (> 12) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
medium (10–12) | 1.42 (1.12, 1.80) | 0.004 | 1.34 (1.06, 1.71) | 0.02 | 1.27 (0.96, 1.67) | 0.09 | 1.14 (0.86, 1.51) | 0.36 |
low (7–9) | 1.56 (1.22, 1.99) | 0.0004 | 1.48 (1.15, 1.89) | 0.002 | 1.19 (0.89, 1.58) | 0.24 | 0.93 (0.69, 1.26) | 0.63 |
very low (< 7) | 1.26 (0.88, 1.80) | 0.20 | 1.30 (0.89, 1.90) | 0.17 | 1.03 (0.68, 1.56) | 0.90 | 0.75 (0.47, 1.17) | 0.20 |
Global P-value
| 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.33 | 0.19 | ||||
n
| 5560 | 5550 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
HOUSEHOLD INCOME LEVEL
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 0.95 (0.79, 1.14) | 0.58 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.24) | 0.82 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) | 0.83 | 0.99 (0.82, 1.20) | 0.92 |
2nd
| 1.22 (1.02, 1.47) | 0.03 | 1.33 (1.10, 1.61) | 0.004 | 1.28 (1.05, 1.56) | 0.01 | 1.21 (0.98, 1.48) | 0.07 |
lowest income quartile | 1.27 (1.04, 1.54) | 0.02 | 1.36 (1.11, 1.66) | 0.003 | 1.27 (1.02, 1.58) | 0.03 | 1.18 (0.95, 1.47) | 0.13 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Highest income quartile | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
3rd
| 1.03 (0.80, 1.33) | 0.83 | 1.23 (0.93, 1.62) | 0.15 | 1.03 (0.77, 1.38) | 0.83 | 1.01 (0.75, 1.36) | 0.96 |
2nd
| 1.48 (1.16, 1.88) | 0.002 | 1.77 (1.37, 2.28) | <0.0001 | 1.33 (1.00, 1.77) | 0.05 | 1.19 (0.88, 1.59) | 0.25 |
lowest income quartile | 1.89 (1.46, 2.45) | <0.0001 | 2.32 (1.77, 3.04) | <0.0001 | 1.54 (1.13, 2.09) | 0.006 | 1.35 (0.98, 1.86) | 0.06 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.006 | 0.15 | ||||
n
| 5453 | 5453 | 5307 | 5300 | ||||
EMPLOYMENT STATUS
| ||||||||
Occasional symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 1.49 (1.17, 1.91) | 0.001 | 1.44 (1.13, 1.83) | 0.004 | 1.25 (0.96, 1.62) | 0.10 | 1.16 (0.89, 1.52) | 0.27 |
Disability pension | 1.34 (1.00, 1.79) | 0.05 | 1.29 (0.96, 1.73) | 0.09 | 1.19 (0.88, 1.61) | 0.26 | 0.96 (0.71, 1.30) | 0.80 |
Old age retirement | 0.97 (0.73, 1.28) | 0.81 | 0.93 (0.70, 1.24) | 0.62 | 0.84 (0.62, 1.13) | 0.24 | 0.86 (0.64, 1.16) | 0.32 |
Other pension | 0.99 (0.65, 1.49) | 0.94 | 0.93 (0.61, 1.41) | 0.72 | 0.82 (0.53, 1.28) | 0.39 | 0.83 (0.54, 1.28) | 0.39 |
Other | 1.54 (1.07, 2.20) | 0.02 | 1.58 (1.09, 2.29) | 0.02 | 1.32 (0.89, 1.95) | 0.16 | 1.31 (0.89, 1.93) | 0.17 |
Frequent symptoms vs. Good sleepers
| ||||||||
Working | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
Unemployed | 3.19 (2.42, 4.21) | <0.0001 | 3.02 (2.29, 3.98) | <0.0001 | 2.48 (1.81, 3.38) | <0.0001 | 2.00 (1.45, 2.76) | <0.0001 |
Disability pension | 3.30 (2.34, 4.67) | <0.0001 | 3.36 (2.38, 4.73) | <0.0001 | 2.88 (1.99, 4.17) | <0.0001 | 1.69 (1.14, 2.50) | 0.009 |
Old age retirement | 1.15 (0.79, 1.69) | 0.46 | 1.31 (0.89, 1.93) | 0.17 | 1.17 (0.78, 1.74) | 0.45 | 1.12 (0.74, 1.68) | 0.59 |
Other pension | 1.40 (0.82, 2.39) | 0.22 | 1.44 (0.85, 2.45) | 0.18 | 1.30 (0.74, 2.28) | 0.36 | 1.26 (0.71, 2.23) | 0.43 |
Other | 1.69 (1.04, 2.75) | 0.03 | 2.10 (1.29, 3.42) | 0.003 | 1.61 (0.94, 2.76) | 0.08 | 1.47 (0.87, 2.49) | 0.15 |
Global P-value
| <0.0001 | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.0004 | ||||
n
| 5578 | 5568 | 5307 | 5300 |