Introduction
Methods
Patient selection
Ophthalmological imaging
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Clinical characteristics | |
---|---|
Number of patients | 37 |
Number of males | 25 (68%) |
Number of females | 12 (32%) |
Mean age ± SD (range) at phenotyping, in years | 59 ± 11 (38–77) |
Mean age ± SD (range) at renal transplantation, in years | 50 ± 12 (22–71) |
Reason for first transplantation | |
Autosomal polycystic kidney disease | 8 (22%) |
IgA nephropathy | 7 (19%) |
Unknown origin of disease | 6 (16%) |
Acute tubular necrosis | 2 (5%) |
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | 2 (5%) |
Malignancy | 2 (5%) |
Reflux nephropathy | 2 (5%) |
Alport syndrome | 1 (3%) |
C3 glomerulopathy | 1 (3%) |
Chronic urinary tract infections | 1 (3%) |
Hemolytic-uremic syndrome + hypertension | 1 (3%) |
Medullary cystic kidney disease | 1 (3%) |
Oxalate nephropathy | 1 (3%) |
Pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis | 1 (3%) |
Tubulointerstitial nephritis | 1 (3%) |
Retransplantation | 4 (11%) |
Ophthalmic characteristics
Retinal abnormality | Reason for transplantation (number of patients) |
---|---|
Bilateral findings characteristic for CSC*, bilateral SRF | Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (1) |
Bilateral findings characteristic for CSC*, unilateral SRF | Unknown origin of disease (1) |
Bilateral findings characteristic for CSC*, no SRF | Acute tubular necrosis after surgery (1), ADPKD (1), reflux nephropathy (1), tubulointerstitial nephritis (1) |
Unilateral findings characteristic for CSC*, no SRF | Chronic urinary tract infections (1), hemolytic–uremic syndrome AND hypertension (1), IgA nephropathy (1) |
Unilateral findings characteristic for CSC*, no SRF; AND a bilateral epiretinal membrane | ADPKD (1) |
Bilateral epiretinal membrane | Unknown origin of disease (1) |
Unilateral epiretinal membrane | ADPKD (2), pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis (1) |
Unilateral epiretinal membrane AND a unilateral macular pseudohole AND bilateral choroidal folds | Nephrosclerosis AND neoplasm (1) |
Bilateral cuticular drusen, known for membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (1) |
Bilateral dry age-related macular degeneration AND secondary vitelliform lesions AND cuticular drusen | IgA nephropathy (1) |
Bilateral peripheral yellow-white lesions, known for Alport syndrome | Alport syndrome (1) |
Bilateral retinal pigment epithelium detachments AND drusenoid lesions | Oxalate nephropathy (1) |
Unilateral old venous occlusion | Unknown origin of disease (1) |
Unilateral retinal pigment epithelium atrophy | Unknown origin of disease (1) |
Unilateral retinal pigment epithelium detachment | ADPKD (1) |
No abnormalities | Acute tubular necrosis after surgery (1), ADPKD (3), C3 glomerulopathy (1), IgA nephropathy (5), medullary cystic kidney disease (1), nephrosclerosis AND neoplasm (1), reflux nephropathy (1), unknown origin of disease (2) |