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Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 9/2017

25.10.2017 | Interferone | Leitthema

Infektionen mit nichttuberkulösen Mykobakterien

verfasst von: A. Nowag, M. Platten, G. Plum, PD Dr. P. Hartmann

Erschienen in: Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie | Ausgabe 9/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Nichttuberkulöse Mykobakterien (NTM) sind ubiquitär und von geringer Pathogenität. Sie werden durch Aerosole übertragen, und einige Spezies können schwere Infektionen verursachen. Die Inzidenz von Infektionen durch NTM ist weltweit ansteigend. Das Risiko, an einer NTM-Infektion zu erkranken, korreliert mit der Expositionshäufigkeit und -zeit sowie mit der Disposition des Wirts. Neben angeborenen Immundefekten und immunsuppressiver Therapie sind strukturelle Lungenerkrankungen und Systemerkrankungen, wie auch die rheumatoide Arthritis (RA), mit einem erhöhten Risiko für NTM-Infektionen assoziiert. Die Immunantwort auf NTM ist komplex und wird von den Schlüsselenzymen Interleukin-12 (IL-12), Tumornekrosefaktor-α (TNF-α) und Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) konzertiert. Zielgerichtete Immuntherapien, wie die Blockade von TNF-α, setzen essenzielle Signalwege außer Kraft und erhöhen das Risiko für eine NTM-Infektion signifikant. In diesem Beitrag werden die Zusammenhänge zwischen der komplexen Immunantwort auf NTM und intrinsischen sowie iatrogenen Dispositionen für NTM-Infektionen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der RA dargestellt.
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Metadaten
Titel
Infektionen mit nichttuberkulösen Mykobakterien
verfasst von
A. Nowag
M. Platten
G. Plum
PD Dr. P. Hartmann
Publikationsdatum
25.10.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie / Ausgabe 9/2017
Print ISSN: 0340-1855
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1250
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-017-0392-3

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