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Erschienen in: Der Anaesthesist 8/2017

11.05.2017 | Kardiopulmonale Reanimation | Originalien

„Kids Save Lives“ – Wiederbelebungstrainings für Schulkinder

Systematische Übersichtsarbeit

verfasst von: D. C. Schroeder, H. Ecker, S. Wingen, F. Semeraro, B. W. Böttiger

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 8/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Selbst in den westlichen Industriestaaten beträgt die Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit nach einem außerklinischen Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand lediglich 6–10 %. Ein frühzeitiger Beginn der Wiederbelebungsmaßnahmen durch Laien ist entscheidend zur Steigerung der Überlebensrate. Die systematische Durchführung von Wiederbelebungstrainings bei Schulkindern erscheint effektiv zur Erhöhung der Laienreanimationsrate.

Fragestellung

Ziele der vorliegenden Arbeit sind die Analyse und die Darstellung derzeitiger wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse zur effektiven Unterrichtung von Schulkindern in Wiederbelebung sowie die Erörterung von nationalen und internationalen Konzepten zur flächendeckenden Etablierung der Laienreanimation.

Material und Methoden

Für die vorliegende Analyse wurde eine Literaturrecherche in PubMed durchgeführt; Stichtag war der 27. Februar 2017. Insgesamt wurden 192 Abstracts analysiert; 51 Artikel wurden als relevant beurteilt und in das Manuskript eingearbeitet. Eine zusätzliche Stichpunktsuche in Google ergab >230.000 Ergebnisse, von denen 20 in das vorliegende Manuskript einflossen.

Ergebnisse

Ein Alter von 12 bis 13 Jahren wird allgemein vorausgesetzt, um eine mit dem Erwachsenenalter vergleichbare Qualität der Wiederbelebung zu erzielen. Im Mittelpunkt stehen i) die korrekte Erkennung eines Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstands, ii) das suffiziente Absetzen eines Notrufs, iii) die bezüglich Kompressionstiefe und -frequenz korrekt durchgeführte Herzdruckmassage, iv) ggf. die in Beatmungsfrequenz und -volumen korrekt durchgeführte Mund-zu-Mund-Beatmung. Eine praktische Lerneinheit zeigt eine höhere Qualität der Wiederbelebung im Vergleich zur alleinigen Durchführung einer theoretischen Lerneinheit bzw. der alleinigen Verwendung von Instruktions- oder Onlinevideos als Lerninstrument. Das „Kids-Save-Lives“-Statement empfiehlt seit 2015 jährliche Wiederbelebungstrainings für alle Schulkinder ab dem 12. Lebensjahr oder jünger im Umfang von zwei Stunden. In Deutschland ist die Umsetzung auf Ebene der Bundesländer bisher unterschiedlich weit fortgeschritten.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Kids Save Lives“ – Wiederbelebungstrainings für Schulkinder
Systematische Übersichtsarbeit
verfasst von
D. C. Schroeder
H. Ecker
S. Wingen
F. Semeraro
B. W. Böttiger
Publikationsdatum
11.05.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 8/2017
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-017-0319-z

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