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Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt 9/2017

08.06.2017 | Schizophrenie | Leitthema

„Shared decision-making“ in der Akutpsychiatrie

Widerspruch oder Herausforderung?

verfasst von: PD. Dr. S. Heres, J. Hamann

Erschienen in: Der Nervenarzt | Ausgabe 9/2017

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Modell des „shared decision-making“ (SDM, partizipative Entscheidungsfindung) wurde seit den 1990er Jahren für verschiedenste Bereiche der Medizin propagiert, konnte aber bisher trotz breiten Interesses und positiver Befunde aus klinischen Studien in der psychiatrisch-klinischen Routine nur wenig umgesetzt werden.

Material und Methoden

Das Konzept und dessen Umsetzbarkeit in der Psychiatrie werden im Folgenden hinterfragt und mögliche Gründe für die bisher schleppende Anwendung erläutert. Anschließend stellen die Autoren konkrete Strategien zum Einsatz von SDM im psychiatrischen Versorgungsalltag und aktuell dazu laufende klinische Studien zu deren Praktikabilität und Effektivität vor.

Ergebnisse und Diskussion

Neben dem allgegenwärtigen Argument des Zeitdrucks werden von Psychiatern die Einschränkungen der Fähigkeit der Patienten in der gemeinsamen Entscheidungsfindung sowie die Furcht vor möglicherweise für den Patienten unvorteilhaften Ergebnissen berichtet. Aber auch eine missverstandene Reduktion des Entscheidungsprozesses auf die bloße Informationsweitergabe und das Haften am tradierten paternalistischen Entscheidungsprozess spielen tragende Rollen. Diese Hürden könnten durch Kommunikationstrainings des medizinischen Fachpersonals (Pflegende, Ärzte, Psychologen, Soziotherapeuten), den Einsatz von Entscheidungshilfen (in Form von Broschüren oder auch internetbasiert) und die Unterstützung der patientenseitigen Kommunikation mit den Therapeuten (Trainingskurse und Anleitungen zu Fragestellungen) abgebaut werden und damit der von zahlreichen Leitlinien geforderte patientenzentrierte Therapieansatz weiter fortentwickelt werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
„Shared decision-making“ in der Akutpsychiatrie
Widerspruch oder Herausforderung?
verfasst von
PD. Dr. S. Heres
J. Hamann
Publikationsdatum
08.06.2017
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Schlagwort
Schizophrenie
Erschienen in
Der Nervenarzt / Ausgabe 9/2017
Print ISSN: 0028-2804
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-0407
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-017-0359-2

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