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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports
Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 12/2017

01.12.2017 | Basic and Applied Science (I Lewkowich, Section Editor)

Staphylococcal Biofilms in Atopic Dermatitis

verfasst von: Tammy Gonzalez, Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers, Andrew B. Herr, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey

Erschienen in: Current Allergy and Asthma Reports | Ausgabe 12/2017

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disorder that is a major public health burden worldwide. AD lesions are often colonized by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. An important aspect of Staphylococcus spp. is their propensity to form biofilms, adhesive surface-attached colonies that become highly resistant to antibiotics and immune responses, and recent studies have found that clinical isolates colonizing AD skin are often biofilm-positive. Biofilm formation results in complex bacterial communities that have unique effects on keratinocytes and host immunity. This review will summarize recent studies exploring the role of staphyloccocal biofilms in atopic dermatitis and the implications for treatment.

Recent Findings

Recent studies suggest an important role for biofilms in the pathogenesis of numerous dermatologic diseases including AD. S. aureus biofilms have been found to colonize the eccrine ducts of AD skin, and these biofilms influence secretion of keratinocyte cytokines and trigger differentiation and apoptosis of keratinocytes. These activities may act to disrupt barrier function and promote disease pathogenesis as well as allergen sensitization.

Summary

Formation of biofilm is a successful strategy that protects the bacteria from environmental danger, antibiotics, and phagocytosis, enabling chronic persistence in the host. An increasing number of S. aureus skin isolates are resistant to conventional antibiotics, and staphylococcal biofilm communities are prevalent on the skin of individuals with AD. Staphylococcal colonization of the skin impacts skin barrier function and plays multiple important roles in AD pathogenesis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Staphylococcal Biofilms in Atopic Dermatitis
verfasst von
Tammy Gonzalez
Jocelyn M. Biagini Myers
Andrew B. Herr
Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2017
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Current Allergy and Asthma Reports / Ausgabe 12/2017
Print ISSN: 1529-7322
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6315
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-017-0750-x

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