Skip to main content
Erschienen in: MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin 1/2020

30.03.2020 | ADHS | FORTBILDUNG

ADHS im Erwachsenenalter

Neurologie

verfasst von: Dr. med. Kristina Adorjan, Prof. Dr. med. Oliver Pogarell

Erschienen in: MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin | Sonderheft 1/2020

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Herr H., 24 Jahre alt, sucht seinen Hausarzt wegen Konzentrationsstörungen, Unruhe und Reizbarkeit auf. Er habe sich bereits in der Schule nur schwer konzentrieren können und sei immer schon unruhig gewesen. Ähnliche Symptome seien auch im Erwachsenenalter vorhanden: Er sei häufig vergesslich, verlege oft Gegenstände und sei ungeduldig. Seine Ausbildung habe er abgebrochen, seinen Arbeitsplatz öfter gewechselt. Auch privat habe er Schwierigkeiten: Aufgrund häufiger Stimmungsschwankungen und leichter Reizbarkeit stehe eine Trennung von seiner Partnerin bevor. Zudem trinke er immer wieder Alkohol (8–10 Getränke/Woche) und rauche 20 Zigaretten am Tag. Er habe über die Diagnose ADHS im Internet erfahren und vermute, dass diese auf ihn zutreffen könne. Er wünsche sich deshalb eine ausführliche diagnostische Abklärung. Zudem habe er gelesen, dass man seit Kurzem Cannabis zu medizinischen Zwecken verordnen könne. Er habe nun den Wunsch, ein cannabishaltiges Präparat zur Linderung seiner Symptome einzusetzen. Was sollten Sie ihm raten?
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Doernberg E et al. Neurodevelopmental disorders (ASD and ADHD):DSM-5, ICD-10, and ICD-11. CNS Spectr. 2016;21:295–9.CrossRef Doernberg E et al. Neurodevelopmental disorders (ASD and ADHD):DSM-5, ICD-10, and ICD-11. CNS Spectr. 2016;21:295–9.CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Sibley MH et al:Method of adult diagnosis influences estimated persistence of childhood ADHD:a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:1157–65.CrossRef Sibley MH et al:Method of adult diagnosis influences estimated persistence of childhood ADHD:a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:1157–65.CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Sibley MH et al. Method of adult diagnosis influences estimated persistence of childhood ADHD:a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:1157–65.CrossRef Sibley MH et al. Method of adult diagnosis influences estimated persistence of childhood ADHD:a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3:1157–65.CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Thapar A et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet. 2016;387:1240–50.CrossRef Thapar A et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Lancet. 2016;387:1240–50.CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Huss M et al. How often are German children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD? Prevalence based on the judgement of health care professionals:results of the German health and examination survey (KiGGS). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;17(Suppl1):52–58.CrossRef Huss M et al. How often are German children and adolescents diagnosed with ADHD? Prevalence based on the judgement of health care professionals:results of the German health and examination survey (KiGGS). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;17(Suppl1):52–58.CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Döpfner M et al. How often do children meet ICD-10/DSM-IV criteria of attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder and hyperkinetic disorder? Parent-based prevalence rates in a national sample — results of the BELLA study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;17(Suppl 1):59–70.CrossRef Döpfner M et al. How often do children meet ICD-10/DSM-IV criteria of attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder and hyperkinetic disorder? Parent-based prevalence rates in a national sample — results of the BELLA study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008;17(Suppl 1):59–70.CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Ford T et al. The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999:the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:1203–11.CrossRef Ford T et al. The British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Survey 1999:the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42:1203–11.CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Faraone SV et al. Toward guidelines for pedigree selection in genetic studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Genetic epidemiology. 2000;18(1):1–16.CrossRef Faraone SV et al. Toward guidelines for pedigree selection in genetic studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Genetic epidemiology. 2000;18(1):1–16.CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Faraone SV et al. Heritability of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Economics of Neuroscience. 2001;3(5):54–57. Faraone SV et al. Heritability of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Economics of Neuroscience. 2001;3(5):54–57.
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Li Z et al. Molecular genetic studies of ADHD and its candidate genes:A review. Psychiatry Research. 2014;219:10–24.CrossRef Li Z et al. Molecular genetic studies of ADHD and its candidate genes:A review. Psychiatry Research. 2014;219:10–24.CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Heinz A et al. (Hg):Neurobiologie der Abhängigkeit. Grundlagen und Konsequenzen für Diagnose und Therapie von Suchterkrankungen. Kohlhammer, 2012. Heinz A et al. (Hg):Neurobiologie der Abhängigkeit. Grundlagen und Konsequenzen für Diagnose und Therapie von Suchterkrankungen. Kohlhammer, 2012.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiefer F et al. Neurobiologische Grundlagen der Verhaltenssüchte. Der Nervenarzt. 2013;84:557–62.CrossRef Kiefer F et al. Neurobiologische Grundlagen der Verhaltenssüchte. Der Nervenarzt. 2013;84:557–62.CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Vanicek T et al; The norepinephrine transporter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder investigated with positron emission tomography. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Dec 1;71(12):1340–9.CrossRef Vanicek T et al; The norepinephrine transporter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder investigated with positron emission tomography. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Dec 1;71(12):1340–9.CrossRef
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Tomasi D et al; Functional connectivity of substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area:maturation during adolescence and effects of ADHD. Cereb Cortex. 2014;24:935–44.CrossRef Tomasi D et al; Functional connectivity of substantia nigra and ventral tegmental area:maturation during adolescence and effects of ADHD. Cereb Cortex. 2014;24:935–44.CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Wiers CE et al. Methylation of the dopamine transporter gene in blood is associated with striatal dopamine transporter availability in ADHD:A preliminary study. Eur J Neurosci. 2018;48:1884–95.CrossRef Wiers CE et al. Methylation of the dopamine transporter gene in blood is associated with striatal dopamine transporter availability in ADHD:A preliminary study. Eur J Neurosci. 2018;48:1884–95.CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson BS et al. Preliminary findings of antistreptococcal antibody titers and basal ganglia volumes in tic, obsessive-compulsive, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:364–72.CrossRef Peterson BS et al. Preliminary findings of antistreptococcal antibody titers and basal ganglia volumes in tic, obsessive-compulsive, and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:364–72.CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Stobernack T et al. Biomarker Research in ADHD:the Impact of Nutrition (BRAIN) — study protocol of an open-label trial to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of a few-foods diet on ADHD symptoms in children. BMJ Open. 2019;9(11). Stobernack T et al. Biomarker Research in ADHD:the Impact of Nutrition (BRAIN) — study protocol of an open-label trial to investigate the mechanisms underlying the effects of a few-foods diet on ADHD symptoms in children. BMJ Open. 2019;9(11).
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Rösler M et al. ADHS-Diagnose bei Erwachsenen. Der Nervenarzt. 2008;79:320–7.CrossRef Rösler M et al. ADHS-Diagnose bei Erwachsenen. Der Nervenarzt. 2008;79:320–7.CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Barkley RA et al. Unrecognized attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults presenting with other psychiatric disorders. CNS Spectr. 2008;13:977–84.CrossRef Barkley RA et al. Unrecognized attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults presenting with other psychiatric disorders. CNS Spectr. 2008;13:977–84.CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen K et al. Prevalence of attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder in substance use disorder patients:a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012;122:11–9.CrossRef van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen K et al. Prevalence of attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder in substance use disorder patients:a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012;122:11–9.CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Ohlmeier MD et al. Comorbidity of alcohol and substance dependence with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Alcohol Alcohol. 2008;43:300–4.CrossRef Ohlmeier MD et al. Comorbidity of alcohol and substance dependence with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Alcohol Alcohol. 2008;43:300–4.CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Crunelle CL et al. International Consensus Statement on Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Substance Use Disorder Patients with Comorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Eur Addict Res. 2018;24:43–51.CrossRef Crunelle CL et al. International Consensus Statement on Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment of Substance Use Disorder Patients with Comorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Eur Addict Res. 2018;24:43–51.CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Conners CK; Rating scales in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: use in assessment and treatment monitoring. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(Suppl 7):24–30. Review.PubMed Conners CK; Rating scales in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: use in assessment and treatment monitoring. J Clin Psychiatry. 1998;59(Suppl 7):24–30. Review.PubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Rösler M et al. Tools for the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Self-rating behaviour questionnaire and diagnostic checklist. Nervenarzt. 2004 Sep;75(9):88895. German. Erratum in: Nervenarzt.2005;76(1):129.CrossRef Rösler M et al. Tools for the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults. Self-rating behaviour questionnaire and diagnostic checklist. Nervenarzt. 2004 Sep;75(9):88895. German. Erratum in: Nervenarzt.2005;76(1):129.CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Fatseas M et al. The diagnostic accuracy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults with substance use disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25:219–25.CrossRef Fatseas M et al. The diagnostic accuracy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults with substance use disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2012;25:219–25.CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Levin FR et al. Diagnosing ADHD in adults with substance use disorder:DSM-IV criteria and differential diagnosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68:e18.CrossRef Levin FR et al. Diagnosing ADHD in adults with substance use disorder:DSM-IV criteria and differential diagnosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68:e18.CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Aviram RB et al. Psychotherapy of adults with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and psychoactive substance use disorder. J Psychother Pract Res. 2001;10:179–86.PubMedPubMedCentral Aviram RB et al. Psychotherapy of adults with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and psychoactive substance use disorder. J Psychother Pract Res. 2001;10:179–86.PubMedPubMedCentral
30.
Zurück zum Zitat van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen K et al. Integrated cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with substance use disorder and comorbid ADHD:two case presentations. Addict Behav. 2015;45:214–7.CrossRef van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen K et al. Integrated cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with substance use disorder and comorbid ADHD:two case presentations. Addict Behav. 2015;45:214–7.CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Riggs PD:Stimulant medication for ADHD not associated with subsequent substance use disorders. Evid Based Med. 2014;19(2):78.CrossRef Riggs PD:Stimulant medication for ADHD not associated with subsequent substance use disorders. Evid Based Med. 2014;19(2):78.CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Barkley RA et al. Does the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with stimulants contribute to drug use/abuse? A 13-year prospective study. Pediatrics. 2003;111(1):97–109.CrossRef Barkley RA et al. Does the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with stimulants contribute to drug use/abuse? A 13-year prospective study. Pediatrics. 2003;111(1):97–109.CrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Fischer M et al. Childhood stimulant treatment and risk for later substance abuse. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(Suppl 11):19–23.PubMed Fischer M et al. Childhood stimulant treatment and risk for later substance abuse. J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64(Suppl 11):19–23.PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Austic EA. Peak ages of risk for starting non-medical use of prescription stimulants. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;152:224–9.CrossRef Austic EA. Peak ages of risk for starting non-medical use of prescription stimulants. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015;152:224–9.CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Adorjan k et al. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with comorbid addictive disorder. Therapeutic challenges using the example of a survey of clinical practice. MMW Fortschr Med. 2019;161(Suppl 5):7–12.PubMed Adorjan k et al. Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with comorbid addictive disorder. Therapeutic challenges using the example of a survey of clinical practice. MMW Fortschr Med. 2019;161(Suppl 5):7–12.PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Konstenius M et al. Methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and drug relapse in criminal offenders with substance dependence:a 24-week randomized placebo-controlled trial. Addiction. 2014;109:440–9.CrossRef Konstenius M et al. Methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and drug relapse in criminal offenders with substance dependence:a 24-week randomized placebo-controlled trial. Addiction. 2014;109:440–9.CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Levin FR et al. Extended-release mixed amphetamine salts vs placebo for co-morbid adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cocaine use disorder:a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72:593–602.CrossRef Levin FR et al. Extended-release mixed amphetamine salts vs placebo for co-morbid adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and cocaine use disorder:a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72:593–602.CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Nathan Stall et al. Bupropion abuse and overdose. CMAJ. 2014;186:1015.CrossRef Nathan Stall et al. Bupropion abuse and overdose. CMAJ. 2014;186:1015.CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Oppek K et al. Intravenous administration and abuse of bupropion: a case report and a review of the literature. Evid Based Med. 2014;19(2):78.CrossRef Oppek K et al. Intravenous administration and abuse of bupropion: a case report and a review of the literature. Evid Based Med. 2014;19(2):78.CrossRef
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Lugoboni F et al. Co-occurring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in adults affected by heroin dependence:Patients characteristics and treatment needs. Psychiatry Res. 2017;250:210–6.CrossRef Lugoboni F et al. Co-occurring Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in adults affected by heroin dependence:Patients characteristics and treatment needs. Psychiatry Res. 2017;250:210–6.CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Carpentier PJ et al. Influence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on opioid dependence severity and psychiatric comorbidity in chronic methadone-maintained patients. Eur Addict Res. 2011;17(1):10—20. Carpentier PJ et al. Influence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder on opioid dependence severity and psychiatric comorbidity in chronic methadone-maintained patients. Eur Addict Res. 2011;17(1):10—20.
Metadaten
Titel
ADHS im Erwachsenenalter
Neurologie
verfasst von
Dr. med. Kristina Adorjan
Prof. Dr. med. Oliver Pogarell
Publikationsdatum
30.03.2020
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin / Ausgabe Sonderheft 1/2020
Print ISSN: 1438-3276
Elektronische ISSN: 1613-3560
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s15006-020-0005-y

Weitere Artikel der Sonderheft 1/2020

MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin 1/2020 Zur Ausgabe

AKTUELLE MEDIZIN -- MAGAZIN

Macht zu viel Sitzen depressiv?

Leitlinien kompakt für die Allgemeinmedizin

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Facharzt-Training Allgemeinmedizin

Die ideale Vorbereitung zur anstehenden Prüfung mit den ersten 24 von 100 klinischen Fallbeispielen verschiedener Themenfelder

Mehr erfahren

Update Allgemeinmedizin

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.