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Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie 9/2018

13.08.2018 | Notfallmedizin | Originalien

Systematische Analyse von Atemwegsregistern in der Notfallmedizin

verfasst von: Dr. med. F. F. Girrbach, F. Hilbig, M. Michael, M. Bernhard

Erschienen in: Die Anaesthesiologie | Ausgabe 9/2018

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Zahlreiche Publikationen haben in den letzten Jahren zu einem evidenzbasierten Atemwegsmanagement in Rettungsdienst und Notaufnahmen beigetragen. Unklar ist jedoch, welche internationalen Register aktuell zum Atemwegsmanagement in der Notfallmedizin existieren, und wie diese hinsichtlich Einschlusskriterien, Patientencharakteristika und Definition von Komplikationen charakterisiert sind.

Methodik

Systematische Literaturrecherche in PubMed unter Einbeziehung aller Publikationen von 2007 bis 2017. Eingeschlossen wurden alle Studien aus Atemwegsregistern, die sich mit dem Atemwegsmanagement im Rettungsdienst oder in der Notaufnahme befassen. Daten aus pädiatrischen Intensivstationen wurden eingeschlossen, sofern diese die Funktion einer pädiatrischen Notfallversorgung übernehmen.

Ergebnisse

Insgesamt konnten 11 notfallmedizinische Register identifiziert werden, die primär der Erfassung des Atemwegsmanagements dienen. Davon befasst sich ein internationales Register ausschließlich mit dem pädiatrischen Atemwegsmanagement (NEAR4KIDS, National Emergency Airway Registry for Kids). Die publizierten Beobachtungszeiträume der Register liegen bei minimal 15 Monaten und maximal 156 Monaten. Alle Notaufnahmeregister schließen Daten von Kindern ein, jedoch variiert der Anteil an pädiatrischen Patienten zwischen 0,2 und 10,5 %. Das ANZEDAR („Australia and New Zealand Emergency Department Airway Registry“) stellt derzeit mit 43 teilnehmenden Institutionen aus 2 Ländern das größte notfallmedizinische Atemwegsregister dar. Das NEAR III umfasst mit 21.374 registrierten Intubationen über einen Zeitraum von 10 Jahren die größte Anzahl an Notfallinterventionen. Die RSI(„Rapid Sequence Induction”)-Raten in den Registern betragen 27,5–100 %. Die berichteten First-pass-success(FPS)-Raten liegen zwischen 69 und 89 %, mit einem variablen Anteil an videolaryngoskopischen Intubationen zwischen 0 und 73 %.

Schlussfolgerung

Die elf in dieser Studie identifizierten Atemwegsregister unterscheiden sich hinsichtlich der Erfassungszeiträume, Einschlusskriterien, Definition von Komplikationen sowie Einsatz neuerer Methoden des Atemwegsmanagements teilweise erheblich, sodass eine Vergleichbarkeit der berichteten Behandlungsergebnisse und FPS-Raten nur bedingt gegeben ist. Ein entsprechendes Atemwegsregister in der Notfallmedizin im deutschsprachigen Raum sollte etabliert werden.
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Metadaten
Titel
Systematische Analyse von Atemwegsregistern in der Notfallmedizin
verfasst von
Dr. med. F. F. Girrbach
F. Hilbig
M. Michael
M. Bernhard
Publikationsdatum
13.08.2018
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Anaesthesiologie / Ausgabe 9/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-6858
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-6866
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-018-0476-8

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