Background
Methods
Subjects
Telomere length measurement
Statistical analysis
Results
Baseline findings
Variable | COPD cases (N = 121) | Smokers (N = 121) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex (male%) | 66 | 62 | N.S. |
Age (years)a
| 57 ± 8 | 57 ± 8 | N.S. |
BMI (Kg/m2)a
| 27 ± 5 | 28 ± 4 | N.S. |
Smoking habitc
(pack-yrs)ac
| 60 ± 25 | 44 ± 22 | <0.0001 |
Active smoking (%) | 50 | 64 | 0.027 |
T/S ratioa
| 0.68 ± 0.25 | 0.88 ± 0.52 | <0.0001 |
FEV1 (L)a
| 1.66 ± 0.7 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | <0.0001 |
FEV1 (% pred)a
| 59 ± 21 | 101 ± 14 | <0.0001 |
FVC (% pred)a
| 89 ± 22 | 108 ± 15 | <0.0001 |
FEV1 / FVC (%)a
| 53 ± 12 | 76 ± 5 | <0.0001 |
PaO2 (mmHg)a
| 72.3 ± 14.3 | 78.7 ± 10 | <0.001 |
KCO (%) | 79.6 ± 25.1 | 97.3 ± 21.3 | 0.001 |
IC/TLC (%) | 36 ± 9 | 45 ± 8 | <0.001 |
6MWD (m)a
| 523 ± 89 | 551 ± 76 | 0.03 |
mMRC dyspneab
| 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–0) | 0.006 |
BODE indexb
| 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–1) | <0.001 |
Charlson indexb
| 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–0) | N.S. |
Variable | Short T/Sa
(n = 40) | Medium T/Sa
(n = 41) | Long T/Sa
(n = 40) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
T/S ratiob
| 0.44 ± 0.09 | 0.66 ± 0.07 | 1.09 ± 0.21 | <0.001 |
Sex (male%) | 65 | 66 | 67 | N.S. |
Age (years)b
| 59 ± 7 | 58 ± 8 | 55 ± 9 | N.S. |
BMI (Kg/m2)b
| 28 ± 6 | 27 ± 5 | 27 ± 5 | N.S. |
Smoking habitd
(pack-yrs)bd
| 62 ± 28 | 63 ± 24 | 57 ± 23 | N.S. |
Active smoking (%) | 42 | 56 | 52 | N.S. |
FEV1 (L)b
| 1.70 ± 0.71 | 1.64 ± 0.67 | 1.66 ± 0.74 | N.S. |
FEV1 (% pred)b
| 61 ± 23 | 59 ± 21 | 58 ± 21 | N.S. |
FVC (% pred)b
| 89 ± 24 | 92 ± 22 | 87 ± 21 | N.S. |
FEV1 / FVC (%)b
| 55 ± 12 | 51 ± 13 | 53 ± 12 | N.S. |
PaO2 (mmHg)b
| 71.1 ± 15.7 | 71.9 ± 15.8 | 73.5 ± 11.5 | N.S. |
Kco (%) | 74.1 ± 25.6 | 75.5 ± 24.1 | 75.2 ± 21.1 | N.S. |
IC/TLC (%) | 37 ± 6 | 36 ± 8 | 35 ± 10 | N.S. |
6MWD (m)b
| 517 ± 77 | 537 ± 95 | 513 ± 92 | N.S. |
mMRC dyspneac
| 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | N.S. |
BODE indexc
| 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–3) | 1 (0–3) | N.S. |
Charlson indexc
| 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | N.S. |
Telomere length dynamics
Relation of telomere length change and clinical variables
Variable | High rate of shorteningb
(n = 35) | Low rate of shortening maintenance or lengtheningc
(n = 35) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline | 3-years |
p-value | Baseline | 3-years |
p-value | |
FEV1 (L) | 1.66 ± 0.72 | 1.59 ± 0.68 | 0.04 | 1.60 ± 0.5 | 1.52 ± 0.5 | 0.15 |
FEV1(%pred) | 59 ± 20 | 58 ± 20 | 0.63 | 59 ± 19 | 58 ± 19 | 0.54 |
FVC (L) | 3.01 ± 0.99 | 2.95 ± 0.98 | 0.35 | 3.15 ± 0.94 | 3.01 ± 0.97 | 0.12 |
FEV1/FVC | 54 ± 10 | 53 ± 11 | 0.21 | 52 ± 12 | 52 ± 13 | 0.77 |
PaO2 (mmHg) | 73.5 ± 7.9 | 70.9 ± 9.6 | 0.04 | 72.1 ± 12.9 | 68.8 ± 11.6 | 0.09 |
KCO (%)a
| 77.3 ± 23.7 | 74.9 ± 23.4 | 0.21 | 74.4 ± 19.1 | 70.6 ± 20.4 | 0.16 |
IC/TLC (%) | 35 ± 9 | 31 ± 10 | 0.03 | 36 ± 8 | 32 ± 8 | 0.02 |