Patients and methods
Results
Univariable analysis
Previous operation | Total | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Suture | Open mesh | |||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | |
Procedure | 554 | 36.3 | 228 | 31.8 | 782 | 34.8 |
TEP | ||||||
TAPP | 974 | 63.7 | 490 | 68.2 | 1464 | 65.2 |
Total | 1528 | 100.0 | 718 | 100.0 | 2246 | 100.0 |
TEP | TAPP |
p
| ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Age [years] | Mean ± STD | 58.3 ± 15.8 | 59.2 ± 15.4 | 0.186 |
BMI | Mean ± STD | 26.1 ± 3.5 | 25.9 ± 3.3 | 0.152 |
TEP | TAPP |
p
| |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | ||||
ASA-score | I | 186 | 23.79 | 376 | 25.63 | 0.467 | |
II | 454 | 58.06 | 849 | 57.87 | |||
III/IV | 142 | 18.16 | 242 | 16.50 | |||
Defect size | I (< 1,5 cm) | 137 | 17.52 | 282 | 19.22 | 0.524 | |
II (1,5–3 cm) | 510 | 65.22 | 950 | 64.76 | |||
III (>3 cm) | 135 | 17.26 | 235 | 16.02 | |||
Risk factors | Total | yes | 249 | 31.84 | 438 | 29.86 | 0.330 |
no | 533 | 68.16 | 1029 | 70.14 | |||
COPD | yes | 63 | 8.06 | 88 | 6.00 | 0.063 | |
no | 719 | 91.94 | 1379 | 94.00 | |||
Diabetes | yes | 45 | 5.75 | 84 | 5.73 | 0.978 | |
no | 737 | 94.25 | 1383 | 94.27 | |||
Aortic aneurysm | yes | 6 | 0.77 | 10 | 0.68 | 0.818 | |
no | 776 | 99.23 | 1457 | 99.32 | |||
Immunosuppression | yes | 5 | 0.64 | 9 | 0.61 | 0.941 | |
no | 777 | 99.36 | 1458 | 99.39 | |||
Corticoid | yes | 9 | 1.15 | 11 | 0.75 | 0.335 | |
no | 773 | 98.85 | 1456 | 99.25 | |||
Smoking | yes | 88 | 11.25 | 174 | 11.86 | 0.669 | |
no | 694 | 88.75 | 1293 | 88.14 | |||
Coagulopathy | yes | 11 | 1.41 | 22 | 1.50 | 0.861 | |
no | 771 | 98.59 | 1445 | 98.50 | |||
Antiplatelet medication | yes | 73 | 9.34 | 129 | 8.79 | 0.669 | |
no | 709 | 90.66 | 1338 | 91.21 | |||
Anticoagulation therapy | yes | 16 | 2.05 | 28 | 1.91 | 0.823 | |
no | 766 | 97.95 | 1439 | 98.09 | |||
EHS-classification medial | yes | 350 | 44.76 | 765 | 52.15 | <0.001
| |
no | 432 | 55.24 | 702 | 47.85 | |||
EHS-classification lateral | yes | 538 | 68.80 | 813 | 55.42 | <0.001
| |
no | 244 | 31.20 | 654 | 44.58 | |||
EHS-classification femoral | yes | 22 | 2.81 | 55 | 3.75 | 0.245 | |
no | 760 | 97.19 | 1412 | 96.25 | |||
EHS-classification scrotal | yes | 6 | 0.77 | 21 | 1.43 | 0.168 | |
no | 776 | 99.23 | 1446 | 98.57 |
TEP | TAPP |
p
| ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n
| % |
n
| % | |||||
Intraoperative complication | Total | yes | 13 | 1.66 | 13 | 0.89 | 0.101 | |
no | 769 | 98.34 | 1454 | 99.11 | ||||
Bleeding | yes | 7 | 0.90 | 8 | 0.55 | 0.332 | ||
no | 775 | 99.10 | 1459 | 99.45 | ||||
Injury | Total | yes | 8 | 1.02 | 9 | 0.61 | 0.286 | |
no | 774 | 98.98 | 1458 | 99.39 | ||||
Vascular | yes | 4 | 0.51 | 4 | 0.27 | 0.365 | ||
no | 778 | 99.49 | 1463 | 99.73 | ||||
Bowel | yes | 0 | 0.00 | 5 | 0.34 | 0.102 | ||
no | 782 | 100.0 | 1462 | 99.66 | ||||
Bladder | yes | 2 | 0.26 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.053 | ||
no | 780 | 99.74 | 1467 | 100.0 | ||||
Postoperative complication | Total | yes | 13 | 1.66 | 67 | 4.57 | <0.001
| |
no | 769 | 98.34 | 1400 | 95.43 | ||||
Bleeding | yes | 10 | 1.28 | 19 | 1.30 | 0.974 | ||
no | 772 | 98.72 | 1448 | 98.70 | ||||
Seroma | yes | 4 | 0.51 | 47 | 3.20 | <0.001
| ||
no | 778 | 99.49 | 1420 | 96.80 | ||||
Infection | yes | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.07 | 0.465 | ||
no | 782 | 100.0 | 1466 | 99.93 | ||||
Bowel injury | yes | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.07 | 0.465 | ||
no | 782 | 100.0 | 1466 | 99.93 | ||||
Wound healing disorders | yes | 0 | 0.00 | 1 | 0.07 | 0.465 | ||
no | 782 | 100.0 | 1466 | 99.93 | ||||
Reoperation | yes | 11 | 1.41 | 16 | 1.09 | 0.512 | ||
no | 771 | 98.59 | 1451 | 98.91 | ||||
Recurrence on follow-up | yes | 7 | 0.90 | 21 | 1.43 | 0.275 | ||
no | 775 | 99.10 | 1446 | 98.57 | ||||
Pain in rest on follow-up | yes | 54 | 6.91 | 79 | 5.39 | 0.146 | ||
no | 728 | 93.09 | 1388 | 94.61 | ||||
Pain on exertion on follow-up | yes | 92 | 11.76 | 158 | 10.77 | 0.475 | ||
no | 690 | 88.24 | 1309 | 89.23 | ||||
Pain requiring treatment on follow-up | yes | 35 | 4.48 | 50 | 3.41 | 0.206 | ||
no | 747 | 95.52 | 1417 | 96.59 |
Multivariable analyses
Postoperative complications
Parameter | p value | Category | OR estimate | 95% CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Procedure | <0.001 | TAPP vs TEP | 3.010 | 1.636 | 5.538 |
Previous operation | 0.044 | Suture vs open mesh | 1.753 | 1.016 | 3.025 |
EHS-classification medial | 0.049 | yes vs no | 0.457 | 0.209 | 0.997 |
Defect size | 0.055 | II (1,5–3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 1.052 | 0.539 | 2.055 |
III (>3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 2.012 | 0.935 | 4.329 | ||
Risk factors | 0.165 | yes vs no | 1.428 | 0.864 | 2.360 |
Age [10-years-OR] | 0.270 | 1.107 | 0.924 | 1.326 | |
EHS-classification femoral | 0.297 | yes vs no | 1.717 | 0.621 | 4.746 |
BMI [5-points-OR] | 0.394 | 0.857 | 0.601 | 1.223 | |
ASA-score | 0.414 | II vs I | 0.896 | 0.473 | 1.695 |
III/IV vs I | 1.340 | 0.592 | 3.034 | ||
EHS-classification scrotal | 0.552 | yes vs no | 1.500 | 0.394 | 5.715 |
EHS-classification lateral | 0.646 | yes vs no | 0.827 | 0.368 | 1.860 |
Pain at rest
Parameter | p value | Category | OR estimate | 95%-CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI [5-points-OR] | <0.001 | 1.483 | 1.176 | 1.870 | |
Defect size | 0.065 | II (1,5–3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.786 | 0.511 | 1.210 |
III (>3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.444 | 0.225 | 0.877 | ||
Procedure | 0.124 | TAPP vs TEP | 0.751 | 0.521 | 1.082 |
Previous operation | 0.232 | Suture vs open mesh | 0.798 | 0.551 | 1.155 |
EHS-classification lateral | 0.248 | yes vs no | 0.692 | 0.370 | 1.292 |
Risk factors | 0.328 | yes vs no | 1.222 | 0.818 | 1.827 |
EHS-classification medial | 0.372 | yes vs no | 0.758 | 0.412 | 1.394 |
Age [10-years-OR] | 0.513 | 0.957 | 0.837 | 1.093 | |
EHS-classification femoral | 0.869 | yes vs no | 1.081 | 0.431 | 2.709 |
ASA-score | 0.899 | II vs I | 0.941 | 0.595 | 1.490 |
III/IV vs I | 0.851 | 0.427 | 1.694 | ||
EHS-classification scrotal | 0.980 | yes vs no | 0.000 | 0.000 | I |
Pain on exertion
Parameter | p value | Category | OR estimate | 95%-CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age [10-years-OR] | <0.001 | 0.846 | 0.767 | 0.933 | |
BMI [5-points-OR] | 0.007 | 1.289 | 1.073 | 1.549 | |
Defect size | 0.018 | II (1,5–3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.699 | 0.508 | 0.964 |
III (>3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.517 | 0.318 | 0.840 | ||
EHS-classification lateral | 0.066 | yes vs no | 0.646 | 0.406 | 1.029 |
EHS-classification scrotal | 0.295 | yes vs no | 0.338 | 0.044 | 2.577 |
Procedure | 0.365 | TAPP vs TEP | 0.878 | 0.664 | 1.163 |
EHS-classification medial | 0.405 | yes vs no | 0.823 | 0.520 | 1.302 |
ASA-score | 0.471 | II vs I | 0.870 | 0.623 | 1.217 |
III/IV vs I | 1.075 | 0.646 | 1.787 | ||
Risk factors | 0.632 | yes vs no | 0.925 | 0.674 | 1.270 |
EHS-classification femoral | 0.797 | yes vs no | 1.096 | 0.543 | 2.214 |
Previous operation | 0.826 | Suture vs open with mesh | 0.968 | 0.727 | 1.290 |
Chronic pain requiring treatment
Parameter | p-value | Category | OR estimate | 95%-CI | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
BMI [5-points-OR] | 0.006 | 1.477 | 1.121 | 1.948 | |
Previous operation | 0.076 | Suture vs open mesh | 0.666 | 0.425 | 1.043 |
EHS-classification medial | 0.088 | yes vs no | 0.501 | 0.227 | 1.108 |
Procedure | 0.195 | TAPP vs TEP | 0.742 | 0.473 | 1.165 |
EHS-classification lateral | 0.246 | yes vs no | 0.615 | 0.270 | 1.399 |
Defect size | 0.287 | II (1,5–3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.836 | 0.486 | 1.438 |
III (>3 cm) vs I (<1,5 cm) | 0.515 | 0.225 | 1.179 | ||
EHS-classification femoral | 0.382 | yes vs no | 1.556 | 0.578 | 4.190 |
Age [10-years-OR] | 0.446 | 0.937 | 0.793 | 1.107 | |
Risk factors | 0.544 | yes vs no | 1.166 | 0.710 | 1.915 |
ASA-score | 0.842 | II vs I | 1.048 | 0.584 | 1.881 |
III/IV vs I | 1.252 | 0.547 | 2.865 | ||
EHS-classification scrotal | 0.983 | yes vs no | 0.000 | 0.000 | I |