Background
Reproductive event | Main signaling component | Reference |
---|---|---|
Folliculogenesis | TGFβs, GDF9, BMP2, BMP4, BMP7 | |
Oocyte maturation | BMP15, activin, inhibin, AMH | |
Ovulation | BMPR1A, BMPR1B, SMAD2/3, SMAD4 | |
Maternal-embryo interactions | TGFβs, BMP7, BMPR1B, BMPR2, SMAD1, SMAD6 | |
Implantation | TGFβ1, ACVR1, BMPR1A, TGFBR1, BMP7 | |
Decidualization | BMP2, SMAD1/5/4, SMAD2/3, ACVR1, BMPR1A, BMPR2, FST, LEFTY | |
Embryonic development | TGFβs, BMP2, BMP4, BMP5, BMP6, BMP7, BMP8, INHBA, INHBB, GDF1, LEFTY, NODAL, AMH, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, SMAD7, ACVRL1, ACVR1, BMPR1A, ACVR1B, TGFBR1, BMPR1B, TGFBR2, ACVR2/2B, AMHR2, BMPR2 | |
Reproductive tract development | TGFBR1, AMH, AMHR2, ACVR1, BMPR1A, SMAD1/5/8, SMAD4 |
Uterine decidualization: A critical event during pregnancy
TGFB superfamily signaling regulates uterine decidualization
Evidence from mouse models
TGFβ superfamily ligands
Receptors
Mouse model | Phenotype | Reference |
---|---|---|
Tgfbr1 Amhr2-Cre cKO | Disrupted myometrial formation with occurrence of artificial decidualization | [29] |
Tgfbr1 Pgr-Cre cKO | Defective placentation, impaired recruitment of uNK cells, with occurrence of artificial decidualization | [64] |
Bmp2 Pgr-Cre cKO | Infertility with loss of decidualization | [41] |
Bmp7 Pgr-Cre cKO | Defective implantation with normal response to artificial decidualization stimuli | [52] |
Fst Pgr-Cre cKO | Defective uterine receptivity and decidualization | [54] |
Nodal Pgr-Cre cKO | Malformation of decidua basalis with fetal loss and preterm birth | [56] |
Acvr1 Pgr-Cre cKO | Infertility with defective implantation and decidualization | [59] |
Acvr1b Pgr-Cre cKO | Defective placental development but normal occurrence of implantation and decidualization | [66] |
Bmpr1a Pgr-Cre cKO | Impaired implantation and decidualization | [60] |
Bmpr1a Amhr2-Cre cKO | Subfertility with prolonged diestrous phase and occurrence of decidualization | [61] |
Bmpr1b KO | Infertility, impaired expansion of cumulus cells of oocytes and uterine gland formation | [62] |
Bmpr2 Pgr-Cre cKO | Infertility, defective decidual vascularization and decidualization | [63] |
Smad3 KO | Impaired artificial decidualization | [67] |
Smad1/5/4 Amhr2-Cre cKO | Defective oviductal and myometrial development, impaired implantation and decidualization | [69] |