Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Spine Journal 9/2018

13.02.2018 | Original Article

The adolescent idiopathic scoliotic IVD displays advanced aggrecanolysis and a glycosaminoglycan composition similar to that of aged human and ovine IVDs

verfasst von: Cindy C. Shu, James Melrose

Erschienen in: European Spine Journal | Ausgabe 9/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Purpose

The present study was designed to ascertain how altered biomechanics in adolescent idiopathic scoliotic (AIS) intervertebral discs (IVDs) affected tissue compositions and aggrecan processing compared to age matched and aged human IVDs. Newborn, 2- and 10-year-old ovine IVDs were also examined.

Methods

Aggrecan populations were separated by Sepharose CL2B chromatography, composite agarose polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (CAPAGE) and identified by immunoblotting. The KS and CS content of IVD tissue extracts from AIS IVDs were compared with age-matched normal adolescent IVDs and with old human IVDs. Extracts from newborn, 2- and 10-year-old ovine IVDs were also examined in a similar manner.

Results

Adolescent idiopathic scoliotic IVD Aggrecan populations shared similar levels of polydispersity and aggregatability with hyaluronan as old IVD proteoglycans. CAPAGE demonstrated three aggrecan populations in AIS, aged human and ovine IVDs increased polydispersity and mobility in CAPAGE. AIS IVDs had GAG compositions similar to aged human and ovine IVDs. Sulphated KS (5-D-4) and chondroitin-6-sulphate, 3-B-3(+) were markers of tissue maturation, and chondroitin-4-sulphate, 2-B-6(+) was prominent in immature IVDs but its levels were lower in mature IVDs.

Discussion

Sulphated KS and 3-B-3(+) CS were prominently associated with IVD maturation and AIS IVDs, while the 2-B-6(+) CS isomer was associated with immature IVD tissues. The polydispersity of aggrecan in AIS IVDs, which was similar to in old human and ovine IVDs, reflected altered processing in the AIS IVDs in response to the biomechanical microenvironments the disc cells were exposed to in AIS IVDs.

Graphical abstract

These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Ahn UM, Ahn NU, Nallamshetty L, Buchowski JM, Rose PS, Miller NH, Kostuik JP, Sponseller PD (2002) The etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 31:387–395 Ahn UM, Ahn NU, Nallamshetty L, Buchowski JM, Rose PS, Miller NH, Kostuik JP, Sponseller PD (2002) The etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ) 31:387–395
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Antoniou J, Arlet V, Goswami T, Aebi M, Alini M (2001) Elevated synthetic activity in the convex side of scoliotic intervertebral discs and endplates compared with normal tissues. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26:E198–E206CrossRef Antoniou J, Arlet V, Goswami T, Aebi M, Alini M (2001) Elevated synthetic activity in the convex side of scoliotic intervertebral discs and endplates compared with normal tissues. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26:E198–E206CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Ghosh P, Bushell GR, Taylor TK, Pearce RH, Grimmer BJ (1980) Distribution of glycosaminoglycans across the normal and the scoliotic disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 5:310–317CrossRef Ghosh P, Bushell GR, Taylor TK, Pearce RH, Grimmer BJ (1980) Distribution of glycosaminoglycans across the normal and the scoliotic disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 5:310–317CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Bertram H, Steck E, Zimmerman G, Chen B, Carstens C, Nerlich A, Richter W (2006) Accelerated intervertebral disc degeneration in scoliosis versus physiological ageing develops against a background of enhanced anabolic gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342:963–972CrossRefPubMed Bertram H, Steck E, Zimmerman G, Chen B, Carstens C, Nerlich A, Richter W (2006) Accelerated intervertebral disc degeneration in scoliosis versus physiological ageing develops against a background of enhanced anabolic gene expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 342:963–972CrossRefPubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Stokes IA, Iatridis JC (2004) Mechanical conditions that accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration: overload versus immobilization. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29:2724–2732CrossRef Stokes IA, Iatridis JC (2004) Mechanical conditions that accelerate intervertebral disc degeneration: overload versus immobilization. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 29:2724–2732CrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Farndale RW, Buttle DJ, Barrett AJ (1986) Improved quantitation and discrimination of sulphated glycosaminoglycans by use of dimethylmethylene blue. Biochim Biophys Acta 883:173–177CrossRefPubMed Farndale RW, Buttle DJ, Barrett AJ (1986) Improved quantitation and discrimination of sulphated glycosaminoglycans by use of dimethylmethylene blue. Biochim Biophys Acta 883:173–177CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, Little C, Kettler AA, Masuda K, Melrose J, Ralphs J, Stokes I, Wilke HJ (2008) Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration? Eur Spine J 17:2–19CrossRefPubMed Alini M, Eisenstein SM, Ito K, Little C, Kettler AA, Masuda K, Melrose J, Ralphs J, Stokes I, Wilke HJ (2008) Are animal models useful for studying human disc disorders/degeneration? Eur Spine J 17:2–19CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Akhtar S, Davies JR, Caterson B (2005) Ultrastructural localization and distribution of proteoglycan in normal and scoliotic lumbar disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:1303–1309CrossRef Akhtar S, Davies JR, Caterson B (2005) Ultrastructural localization and distribution of proteoglycan in normal and scoliotic lumbar disc. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 30:1303–1309CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Dickenson JM, Huckerby TN, Nieduszynski IA (1992) Skeletal keratan sulphate chains isolated from bovine intervertebral disc may terminate in alpha(2–6)-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid. Biochem J 282(Pt 1):267–271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Dickenson JM, Huckerby TN, Nieduszynski IA (1992) Skeletal keratan sulphate chains isolated from bovine intervertebral disc may terminate in alpha(2–6)-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid. Biochem J 282(Pt 1):267–271CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Melrose J, Ghosh P (1988) The quantitative discrimination of corneal type I, but not skeletal type II, keratan sulfate in glycosaminoglycan mixtures by using a combination of dimethylmethylene blue and endo-beta-d-galactosidase digestion. Anal Biochem 170:293–300CrossRefPubMed Melrose J, Ghosh P (1988) The quantitative discrimination of corneal type I, but not skeletal type II, keratan sulfate in glycosaminoglycan mixtures by using a combination of dimethylmethylene blue and endo-beta-d-galactosidase digestion. Anal Biochem 170:293–300CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Nieduszynski IA, Huckerby TN, Dickenson JM, Brown GM, Tai GH, Morris HG, Eady S (1990) There are two major types of skeletal keratan sulphates. Biochem J 271:243–245CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Nieduszynski IA, Huckerby TN, Dickenson JM, Brown GM, Tai GH, Morris HG, Eady S (1990) There are two major types of skeletal keratan sulphates. Biochem J 271:243–245CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
The adolescent idiopathic scoliotic IVD displays advanced aggrecanolysis and a glycosaminoglycan composition similar to that of aged human and ovine IVDs
verfasst von
Cindy C. Shu
James Melrose
Publikationsdatum
13.02.2018
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
European Spine Journal / Ausgabe 9/2018
Print ISSN: 0940-6719
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0932
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-018-5515-2

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2018

European Spine Journal 9/2018 Zur Ausgabe

Arthropedia

Grundlagenwissen der Arthroskopie und Gelenkchirurgie. Erweitert durch Fallbeispiele, Videos und Abbildungen. 
» Jetzt entdecken

Update Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.