Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health 4/2019

12.02.2019 | Biographical Exploration

The Anatomy of Papal Tiara: A Story About Popes’ Contribution and Protection of Anatomists

verfasst von: Andrei Ionut Cucu, Claudia Florida Costea, Antonio Perciaccante, Serban Turliuc, Manuela Ciocoiu, Mihaela Dana Turliuc

Erschienen in: Journal of Religion and Health | Ausgabe 4/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Beginning with the thirteenth century, the papacy has exerted an important role in the development of anatomy and medical sciences through the protection and support provided to anatomists, who were in most cases the personal physicians of the popes as well. The work is intended to be a lesson of anatomy of Papal tiara, presenting the most important contributing popes, the anatomists–physicians whom they supported and protected and the relations between papacy and medical sciences.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Acierno, L. J. (1994). History of cardiology. New York: Parthenon. Acierno, L. J. (1994). History of cardiology. New York: Parthenon.
Zurück zum Zitat Bagliani, A. P. (1991). Medicine e Scienze della Natura alla Corte dei Papi nel Duecento. Spoleto: Centro Italiano di Studi sull’alto Medioevo. Bagliani, A. P. (1991). Medicine e Scienze della Natura alla Corte dei Papi nel Duecento. Spoleto: Centro Italiano di Studi sull’alto Medioevo.
Zurück zum Zitat Bartalini, R. (1995). Siena medicea: l’accademia di Ippolito Agostini. Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Lettere e Filosofia, 25, 1475–1530. Bartalini, R. (1995). Siena medicea: l’accademia di Ippolito Agostini. Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa. Classe di Lettere e Filosofia, 25, 1475–1530.
Zurück zum Zitat Bautch, R. J., & Racine, J. F. (2013). Beauty and the bible. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.CrossRef Bautch, R. J., & Racine, J. F. (2013). Beauty and the bible. Atlanta: Society of Biblical Literature.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bayon, H. P. (1939). Allusions to a “Circulation” of blood in MSS anterior to De motu cordis 1628. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 32, 707–718.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bayon, H. P. (1939). Allusions to a “Circulation” of blood in MSS anterior to De motu cordis 1628. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Medicine, 32, 707–718.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Bellorini, C. (2016). The world of plants in Renaissance Tuscany: Medicine and botany. New York: Routledge. Bellorini, C. (2016). The world of plants in Renaissance Tuscany: Medicine and botany. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Black, J., & Goldoni, C. (1828). Memoirs of Goldoni (Vol. 1). London: Hunt and Clarke. Black, J., & Goldoni, C. (1828). Memoirs of Goldoni (Vol. 1). London: Hunt and Clarke.
Zurück zum Zitat Blanchard, D. (1995). Pope John XXI, ophthalmologist. Documenta Ophthalmologica, 89, 75–84.CrossRefPubMed Blanchard, D. (1995). Pope John XXI, ophthalmologist. Documenta Ophthalmologica, 89, 75–84.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Bloch, R. S. (2012). Healers and achievers: Physicians who excelled in other fields and the times in which they lived. Bloomington: Xlibris Corporation. Bloch, R. S. (2012). Healers and achievers: Physicians who excelled in other fields and the times in which they lived. Bloomington: Xlibris Corporation.
Zurück zum Zitat Bollet, A. J. (2004). Plague and poxes: The impact of human history on epidemic disease. New York: Demos Medical Publishing. Bollet, A. J. (2004). Plague and poxes: The impact of human history on epidemic disease. New York: Demos Medical Publishing.
Zurück zum Zitat Buret, F. (1895). Syphilis to-day and among the ancients (Vol. 2, 3). Philadelphia: The F. A. Davis Company. Buret, F. (1895). Syphilis to-day and among the ancients (Vol. 2, 3). Philadelphia: The F. A. Davis Company.
Zurück zum Zitat Burnham, P. E. (1978). The patronage of clement VI. History Today, 28, 372–381. Burnham, P. E. (1978). The patronage of clement VI. History Today, 28, 372–381.
Zurück zum Zitat Carlino, A. (1999). Books of the body: Anatomical ritual and renaissance learning. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press. Carlino, A. (1999). Books of the body: Anatomical ritual and renaissance learning. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Ceccarelli, G. (2003). Archeology in medicine: Digging up into the tophi of Popes, Dukes and Kings. Reumatismo, 55, 123–130.PubMed Ceccarelli, G. (2003). Archeology in medicine: Digging up into the tophi of Popes, Dukes and Kings. Reumatismo, 55, 123–130.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Cesareo, G. A. (1938). Pasquino e pasquinate nella Roma de Leone X (Vol. 11). Roma: Società romana di storia patria. Cesareo, G. A. (1938). Pasquino e pasquinate nella Roma de Leone X (Vol. 11). Roma: Società romana di storia patria.
Zurück zum Zitat Clericuzio, A. (2017). Chemical medicine and paracelsianism in Italy. In M. Pelling & S. Mandelbrote (Eds.), The practice of reform in health, medicine, and science (pp. 1500–2000). Abingdon/New York: Routledge. Clericuzio, A. (2017). Chemical medicine and paracelsianism in Italy. In M. Pelling & S. Mandelbrote (Eds.), The practice of reform in health, medicine, and science (pp. 1500–2000). Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Coffin, D. R. (1979). The villa in the life of Renaissance Rome. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Coffin, D. R. (1979). The villa in the life of Renaissance Rome. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Colombo, M. R. (1559). De Re Anatomica Libri XV. Venice: Nicolò Bevilacqua. Colombo, M. R. (1559). De Re Anatomica Libri XV. Venice: Nicolò Bevilacqua.
Zurück zum Zitat Cordo, S. (1473). Synonyma Medicinae, Seu Clavis Sanationis. Milan: Antonio Zarothus. Cordo, S. (1473). Synonyma Medicinae, Seu Clavis Sanationis. Milan: Antonio Zarothus.
Zurück zum Zitat Costea, C. F., Turliuc, Ş., Buzdugă, C., Cucu, A. I., Dumitrescu, G. F., Sava, A., et al. (2017a). The history of optic chiasm from antiquity to the twentieth century. Childs Nervous System, 33(11), 1889–1898.CrossRef Costea, C. F., Turliuc, Ş., Buzdugă, C., Cucu, A. I., Dumitrescu, G. F., Sava, A., et al. (2017a). The history of optic chiasm from antiquity to the twentieth century. Childs Nervous System, 33(11), 1889–1898.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Costea, C., Turliuc, S., Cucu, A., Dumitrescu, G., Carauleanu, A., Buzduga, C., et al. (2017b). The “polymorphous” history of a polymorphous skull bone: The sphenoid. Anatomical Science International, 93(1), 14–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Costea, C., Turliuc, S., Cucu, A., Dumitrescu, G., Carauleanu, A., Buzduga, C., et al. (2017b). The “polymorphous” history of a polymorphous skull bone: The sphenoid. Anatomical Science International, 93(1), 14–22.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Cunningham, A. (2016). The anatomist anatomist’s: An experimental discipline in enlightenment Europe. New York: Routledge. Cunningham, A. (2016). The anatomist anatomist’s: An experimental discipline in enlightenment Europe. New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Davidson, A. (1983). Food in motion: The migration of foodstuffs and cookery techniques. Leeds: Prospect Books. Davidson, A. (1983). Food in motion: The migration of foodstuffs and cookery techniques. Leeds: Prospect Books.
Zurück zum Zitat De Grummond, N. T. (2011). An encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology. Abingdon/New York: Routledge. De Grummond, N. T. (2011). An encyclopedia of the history of classical archaeology. Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat De Rijk, L. M. (1970). On the life of Peter of Spain, the author of the Tractatus, called afterwards Summule logicales. Vivarium, 8, 123–154. De Rijk, L. M. (1970). On the life of Peter of Spain, the author of the Tractatus, called afterwards Summule logicales. Vivarium, 8, 123–154.
Zurück zum Zitat De Santo, N. G., Bisaccia, C., De Santo, L. S., De Santo, R. M., Di Leo, V. A., Papalia, T., et al. (1999). Berengario da Carpi. American Journal of Nephrology, 19, 199–212.CrossRefPubMed De Santo, N. G., Bisaccia, C., De Santo, L. S., De Santo, R. M., Di Leo, V. A., Papalia, T., et al. (1999). Berengario da Carpi. American Journal of Nephrology, 19, 199–212.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat De Santo, N. G., Bisaccia, C., De Santo, R. M., & Touwaide, A. (2002). The pre-Vesalian kidney: Gabriele Zerbi, 1445–1505. American Journal of Nephrology, 22, 164–171.CrossRefPubMed De Santo, N. G., Bisaccia, C., De Santo, R. M., & Touwaide, A. (2002). The pre-Vesalian kidney: Gabriele Zerbi, 1445–1505. American Journal of Nephrology, 22, 164–171.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Di Cicco C.O. (2015) History of Syphilis: a Night with Venus, a lifetime with Mercury. C Di Cicco. Di Cicco C.O. (2015) History of Syphilis: a Night with Venus, a lifetime with Mercury. C Di Cicco.
Zurück zum Zitat Di Ieva, A., Gaetani, P., Matula, C., Sherif, C., Skopec, M., & Tschabitscher, M. (2011). Berengario da Carpi: a pioneer in neurotraumatology. Journal of Neurosurgery, 114, 1461–1470.CrossRefPubMed Di Ieva, A., Gaetani, P., Matula, C., Sherif, C., Skopec, M., & Tschabitscher, M. (2011). Berengario da Carpi: a pioneer in neurotraumatology. Journal of Neurosurgery, 114, 1461–1470.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Di Ieva, A., Tschabitscher, M., & Rodriguez y Baena, R. (2007). Lancisi’s nerves and the seat of the soul. Neurosurgery, 60, 563–568.CrossRefPubMed Di Ieva, A., Tschabitscher, M., & Rodriguez y Baena, R. (2007). Lancisi’s nerves and the seat of the soul. Neurosurgery, 60, 563–568.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dillon, A. (2016). Michelangelo and the English Martyrs. Abingdon/New York: Routledge.CrossRef Dillon, A. (2016). Michelangelo and the English Martyrs. Abingdon/New York: Routledge.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Doak, R. S. (2006). Pope Leo X: Opponent of the Reformation. Minneapolis: Compass Point Books. Doak, R. S. (2006). Pope Leo X: Opponent of the Reformation. Minneapolis: Compass Point Books.
Zurück zum Zitat Dobson, J. (1962). Anatomical Eponyms. Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone Ltd. Dobson, J. (1962). Anatomical Eponyms. Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone Ltd.
Zurück zum Zitat Donovan, J. (1844). Rome, ancient and modern and its environs (Vol. 2). Rome: Crispino Puccinelli. Donovan, J. (1844). Rome, ancient and modern and its environs (Vol. 2). Rome: Crispino Puccinelli.
Zurück zum Zitat Dowling, K. A., & Goodrich, J. T. (2016). Two cases of 16th century head injuries managed in royal European families. Neurosurgical Focus, 41, E2.CrossRefPubMed Dowling, K. A., & Goodrich, J. T. (2016). Two cases of 16th century head injuries managed in royal European families. Neurosurgical Focus, 41, E2.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Dupont, M. (1999). Dictionnaire Historique des Médecins. Paris: Larousse-Bordas. Dupont, M. (1999). Dictionnaire Historique des Médecins. Paris: Larousse-Bordas.
Zurück zum Zitat Eire, C. M. N. (2016). Reformations: The early modern world, 1450–1650. New Haven/London: Yale University Press. Eire, C. M. N. (2016). Reformations: The early modern world, 1450–1650. New Haven/London: Yale University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Eknoyan, G., & De Santo, N. G. (1997). Realdo Colombo (1516–1559). A reappraisal. American Journal of Nephrology, 17, 261–268.CrossRefPubMed Eknoyan, G., & De Santo, N. G. (1997). Realdo Colombo (1516–1559). A reappraisal. American Journal of Nephrology, 17, 261–268.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Engels, D. W. (1999). Classical cats: The rise and fall of the sacred cat. London/New York: Routledge. Engels, D. W. (1999). Classical cats: The rise and fall of the sacred cat. London/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Falconi, C. (1987). Leone X Giovanni de’Medici. Santarcangelo di Romagna: Rusconi Libri. Falconi, C. (1987). Leone X Giovanni de’Medici. Santarcangelo di Romagna: Rusconi Libri.
Zurück zum Zitat Falloppio, G. (1564). De morbo gallico. Padua: L. Bertellum & C. Gryphium. Falloppio, G. (1564). De morbo gallico. Padua: L. Bertellum & C. Gryphium.
Zurück zum Zitat Foote, J. (1917). Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654–1720). International Clinic, 2, 292–308. Foote, J. (1917). Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654–1720). International Clinic, 2, 292–308.
Zurück zum Zitat French, R. K. (1985). Berengario da Carpi and the use of commentary in anatomical teaching. In A. Wear, R. K. French, & I. M. Lonie (Eds.), The medical renaissance of the sixteenth century. Cambridge/New York/Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. French, R. K. (1985). Berengario da Carpi and the use of commentary in anatomical teaching. In A. Wear, R. K. French, & I. M. Lonie (Eds.), The medical renaissance of the sixteenth century. Cambridge/New York/Melbourne: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Grendler, P. F. (2002). The universities of the Italian Renaissance. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press. Grendler, P. F. (2002). The universities of the Italian Renaissance. Baltimore: The John Hopkins University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Gurunluoglu, R., & Gurunluoglu, A. (2008). Giulio Cesare Arantius (1530–1589): A surgeon and anatomist: His role in nasal reconstruction and influence on Gaspare Tagliacozzi. Annals of Plastic Surgery, 60, 717–722.CrossRefPubMed Gurunluoglu, R., & Gurunluoglu, A. (2008). Giulio Cesare Arantius (1530–1589): A surgeon and anatomist: His role in nasal reconstruction and influence on Gaspare Tagliacozzi. Annals of Plastic Surgery, 60, 717–722.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Gurunluoglu, R., Shafighi, M., Gurunluoglu, A., & Cavdar, S. (2011). Giulio Cesare Aranzio (Arantius) (1530-89) in the pageant of anatomy and surgery. Journal of Medical Biography, 19, 63–69.CrossRefPubMed Gurunluoglu, R., Shafighi, M., Gurunluoglu, A., & Cavdar, S. (2011). Giulio Cesare Aranzio (Arantius) (1530-89) in the pageant of anatomy and surgery. Journal of Medical Biography, 19, 63–69.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Gutiérrez Rodilla, B. M. (2004). La Clavis sanationis, de Simón de Cordo (siglo XIII). Panace@, 5:287–288. Gutiérrez Rodilla, B. M. (2004). La Clavis sanationis, de Simón de Cordo (siglo XIII). Panace@, 5:287–288.
Zurück zum Zitat Hale, J. R. (1977). Renaissance Europe: Individual and Society, 1480–1520. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press. Hale, J. R. (1977). Renaissance Europe: Individual and Society, 1480–1520. Berkeley/Los Angeles/London: University of California Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Hall, M. B. (2002). Henry Oldenbrug: Shaping the Royal Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hall, M. B. (2002). Henry Oldenbrug: Shaping the Royal Society. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Henry, F. P. (1905). A review of the first book on the diseases of the eye, by Benvenutus Grassus, 1474: Exhibition of three other fifteenth century monographs (a) the first medical dictionary, Synonyma Simonis Genuensis, 1473; (b) The first book on diet, by Isaac, 1487, (c) the second edition of the first book on diseases of children, by Paulus Bagellardus, 1487. Medical Library and Historical Journal, 3, 27–40.PubMedCentral Henry, F. P. (1905). A review of the first book on the diseases of the eye, by Benvenutus Grassus, 1474: Exhibition of three other fifteenth century monographs (a) the first medical dictionary, Synonyma Simonis Genuensis, 1473; (b) The first book on diet, by Isaac, 1487, (c) the second edition of the first book on diseases of children, by Paulus Bagellardus, 1487. Medical Library and Historical Journal, 3, 27–40.PubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Hispanus, Petrus., & Berger, A. M. (1899). Liber de oculo. München: Lehmann JF. Hispanus, Petrus., & Berger, A. M. (1899). Liber de oculo. München: Lehmann JF.
Zurück zum Zitat Hosler, J. D. (2014). Gregory the Great’s gout: Suffering, penitence, and diplomacy in the early middle ages. In M. Frassetto, M. Gabriele, & J. D. Hosler (Eds.), Where heaven and earth meet: Essays on medieval Europe in Honor of Daniel F. Callahan. Leiden/Boston: Brill.CrossRef Hosler, J. D. (2014). Gregory the Great’s gout: Suffering, penitence, and diplomacy in the early middle ages. In M. Frassetto, M. Gabriele, & J. D. Hosler (Eds.), Where heaven and earth meet: Essays on medieval Europe in Honor of Daniel F. Callahan. Leiden/Boston: Brill.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Humphry, G. M. (1882). Cesalpino and Harvey. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 17, 125–128.PubMedCentral Humphry, G. M. (1882). Cesalpino and Harvey. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, 17, 125–128.PubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Hyde, O. (2017). Dr. William Hobbys: The promiscuous king’s promiscuous doctor. Pittsburgh: Dorrance Publishing Co. Hyde, O. (2017). Dr. William Hobbys: The promiscuous king’s promiscuous doctor. Pittsburgh: Dorrance Publishing Co.
Zurück zum Zitat Ilardi, V. (2007). Renaissance vision from spectacles to telescopes. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. Ilardi, V. (2007). Renaissance vision from spectacles to telescopes. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
Zurück zum Zitat JAMA (1965). Guy de Chauliac (c. 1300–1368)-father of surgery. JAMA, 191, 408–409 (no authors listed). JAMA (1965). Guy de Chauliac (c. 1300–1368)-father of surgery. JAMA, 191, 408–409 (no authors listed).
Zurück zum Zitat Janin, H. (2008). The university in medieval life, 1179–1499. Jefferson/North Carolina/London: McFarland and Company. Janin, H. (2008). The university in medieval life, 1179–1499. Jefferson/North Carolina/London: McFarland and Company.
Zurück zum Zitat John Paul II (1992). Letter to the rector of Padua University. Il Gazzettino, 5. John Paul II (1992). Letter to the rector of Padua University. Il Gazzettino, 5.
Zurück zum Zitat Karamanou, M., & Androutsos, G. (2010). Completing the puzzle of blood circulation: The discovery of capillaries. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 115, 175–179.PubMed Karamanou, M., & Androutsos, G. (2010). Completing the puzzle of blood circulation: The discovery of capillaries. Italian Journal of Anatomy and Embryology, 115, 175–179.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kaye, J. (2014). A history of balance 1250–1375: The emergence of a new model of equilibrium and its impact on thought. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef Kaye, J. (2014). A history of balance 1250–1375: The emergence of a new model of equilibrium and its impact on thought. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kelly, S. W. (1905). The doctor’s recreation series (Vol. 11). Akron: Saalfield Publishing Co. Kelly, S. W. (1905). The doctor’s recreation series (Vol. 11). Akron: Saalfield Publishing Co.
Zurück zum Zitat Kelly, J. N. D. (1990). Grande Dizionario illustrato dei Papi. Segrate: Piemme. Kelly, J. N. D. (1990). Grande Dizionario illustrato dei Papi. Segrate: Piemme.
Zurück zum Zitat Klaassen, Z., Chen, J., Dixit, V., Tubbs, R. S., Shoja, M. M., & Loukas, M. (2011). Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654–1720): anatomist and papal physician. Clinical Anatomy, 24, 802–806.CrossRefPubMed Klaassen, Z., Chen, J., Dixit, V., Tubbs, R. S., Shoja, M. M., & Loukas, M. (2011). Giovanni Maria Lancisi (1654–1720): anatomist and papal physician. Clinical Anatomy, 24, 802–806.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kleinhenz, C. (2004). Medieval Italy: An encyclopedia. New York/Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRef Kleinhenz, C. (2004). Medieval Italy: An encyclopedia. New York/Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kleinhenz, C. (2016). Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia (Vol. 2). Abingdon/New York: Routledge. Kleinhenz, C. (2016). Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia (Vol. 2). Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Knight, S. (1917). Blood transfusion. The Grace Hospital Bulletin, 2, 16–19. Knight, S. (1917). Blood transfusion. The Grace Hospital Bulletin, 2, 16–19.
Zurück zum Zitat Kousoulis, A. A., Karamanou, M., & Androutsos, G. (2011). Andrés Laguna (1499–1559). Acta Medica Portuguesa, 24, 671–674.PubMed Kousoulis, A. A., Karamanou, M., & Androutsos, G. (2011). Andrés Laguna (1499–1559). Acta Medica Portuguesa, 24, 671–674.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lancisi, G. M. (1707). De subitaneis mortibus. Rome: Francisci Buagni. Lancisi, G. M. (1707). De subitaneis mortibus. Rome: Francisci Buagni.
Zurück zum Zitat Lancisi, G. M. (1971). De subitaneis mortibus (On Sudden Deaths), translations by White PD, Boursy AV. New York: St. John’s University Press. Lancisi, G. M. (1971). De subitaneis mortibus (On Sudden Deaths), translations by White PD, Boursy AV. New York: St. John’s University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Lind, L. R., & Da Carpi, B. (1990). Berengario da Carpi on Fracture of the Skull or Cranium (Vol. 80). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society. Lind, L. R., & Da Carpi, B. (1990). Berengario da Carpi on Fracture of the Skull or Cranium (Vol. 80). Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society.
Zurück zum Zitat Maggi, B. (1552). De vulnerum sclopetorum, et bombardarum curatione tractatus. Bologna: Bartolomeo Bonardo. Maggi, B. (1552). De vulnerum sclopetorum, et bombardarum curatione tractatus. Bologna: Bartolomeo Bonardo.
Zurück zum Zitat Magill, F. N., & Aves, A. (1998). Dictionary of world biography: The middle ages (Vol. 2). Abingdon/New York: Routledge. Magill, F. N., & Aves, A. (1998). Dictionary of world biography: The middle ages (Vol. 2). Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Major, R. H. (1954). A history of medicine (Vol. 1). Oxford: Blackwell. Major, R. H. (1954). A history of medicine (Vol. 1). Oxford: Blackwell.
Zurück zum Zitat Mantovani, A., & Zanetti, R. (1993). Giovanni Maria Lancisi: De bovilla peste and stamping out. Historia Medicinae Veterinariae, 18, 97–110.PubMed Mantovani, A., & Zanetti, R. (1993). Giovanni Maria Lancisi: De bovilla peste and stamping out. Historia Medicinae Veterinariae, 18, 97–110.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Maras, R. J. (1984). Innocent XI: Pope of Christian Unity. Notre Dame: Cross Cultural Publications. Maras, R. J. (1984). Innocent XI: Pope of Christian Unity. Notre Dame: Cross Cultural Publications.
Zurück zum Zitat Martin, S. (2015). A short history of disease: Plague, poxes and civilisations. Harpenden: Oldcastle Books Ltd. Martin, S. (2015). A short history of disease: Plague, poxes and civilisations. Harpenden: Oldcastle Books Ltd.
Zurück zum Zitat McBrien, R. P. (1997). Lives of the Popes: The pontiffs from St. Peter to John Paul II. New York: Harper Collins. McBrien, R. P. (1997). Lives of the Popes: The pontiffs from St. Peter to John Paul II. New York: Harper Collins.
Zurück zum Zitat Meli, D. B. (1997). Marcello Malpighi: Anatomist and physician. Firenze: Olschki. Meli, D. B. (1997). Marcello Malpighi: Anatomist and physician. Firenze: Olschki.
Zurück zum Zitat Napier, H. E. (1846). Florentine history, from the earliest authentic records to the accession of Ferdinand the third, grand duke of Tuscany (Vol. 1). London: Eduard Moxon. Napier, H. E. (1846). Florentine history, from the earliest authentic records to the accession of Ferdinand the third, grand duke of Tuscany (Vol. 1). London: Eduard Moxon.
Zurück zum Zitat Nardi, P. (1992). Relations between secular authorities and Universities in the Thirteenth Century. In H. De Ridder-Symoens (Ed.), A history of the University in Europe: Universities in the middle ages (Vol. 1). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nardi, P. (1992). Relations between secular authorities and Universities in the Thirteenth Century. In H. De Ridder-Symoens (Ed.), A history of the University in Europe: Universities in the middle ages (Vol. 1). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Nuland, S. B. (1989). Doctors: A biography of medicine. New York: Knopf.CrossRef Nuland, S. B. (1989). Doctors: A biography of medicine. New York: Knopf.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat O’Malley, C. D. (1980). Costanzo Varolio. In C. C. Gillispie (Ed.), Dictionary of scientific biography (Vol. 13). New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. O’Malley, C. D. (1980). Costanzo Varolio. In C. C. Gillispie (Ed.), Dictionary of scientific biography (Vol. 13). New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons.
Zurück zum Zitat Pacifici, V. (1921). Un carme biografico di Sisto IV del 1477. Tivoli: Società Tiburtina di Storia e d’Arte. Pacifici, V. (1921). Un carme biografico di Sisto IV del 1477. Tivoli: Società Tiburtina di Storia e d’Arte.
Zurück zum Zitat Para, H. (2016). Plague, papacy and power: The effect of the black plague on the avignon papacy. Saber and Scroll, 5, 7–16. Para, H. (2016). Plague, papacy and power: The effect of the black plague on the avignon papacy. Saber and Scroll, 5, 7–16.
Zurück zum Zitat Paravicini-Bagliani, A. (2000). The Pope’s body. Chicago/London: The Unversity of Chicago Press. Paravicini-Bagliani, A. (2000). The Pope’s body. Chicago/London: The Unversity of Chicago Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Park, K. (1994). The criminal and the saintly body: Autopsy and dissection in Renaissance Italy. Renaissance Quarterly, 47, 1–33.CrossRefPubMed Park, K. (1994). The criminal and the saintly body: Autopsy and dissection in Renaissance Italy. Renaissance Quarterly, 47, 1–33.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Park, K. (1995). The life of the corpse: Division and dissection in late medieval Europe. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 50, 111–132.CrossRefPubMed Park, K. (1995). The life of the corpse: Division and dissection in late medieval Europe. Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, 50, 111–132.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Petella, J. B. (1897–1898). A critical and historical study of the knowledge of ophthalmology of a philosopher physician who became Pope. Amsterdam: Janus, Archives International es pour l’histoire de la Medicine et pour la Geographie Medicale. Petella, J. B. (1897–1898). A critical and historical study of the knowledge of ophthalmology of a philosopher physician who became Pope. Amsterdam: Janus, Archives International es pour l’histoire de la Medicine et pour la Geographie Medicale.
Zurück zum Zitat Pilcher, L. S. (1918). A List of Books By Some of the Old Masters of Medicine and Surgery Together With Books on The History of Medicine and on Medical Biography in the Possession of Lewis Stephen Pilcher; With Biographical and Bibliographical Notes and Reproductions of Some Title Pages and Captions. New York: Brooklyn. Pilcher, L. S. (1918). A List of Books By Some of the Old Masters of Medicine and Surgery Together With Books on The History of Medicine and on Medical Biography in the Possession of Lewis Stephen Pilcher; With Biographical and Bibliographical Notes and Reproductions of Some Title Pages and Captions. New York: Brooklyn.
Zurück zum Zitat Pouyan, N. (2014). Marcello Malpighi, the founder of biological microscopy. Journal of Microbiology Research, 4, 170–173. Pouyan, N. (2014). Marcello Malpighi, the founder of biological microscopy. Journal of Microbiology Research, 4, 170–173.
Zurück zum Zitat Prioreschi, P. (2003). A history of medicine: Medieval medicine (Vol. 5). Omaha: Horatius Press. Prioreschi, P. (2003). A history of medicine: Medieval medicine (Vol. 5). Omaha: Horatius Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Putti, V. (1937). Berengario da Carpi: Saggio Biografico e Bibliografico, Seguito dalla Traduzione del “De Fractura Calvae sive Cranei”. Bologna: L. Cappelli. Putti, V. (1937). Berengario da Carpi: Saggio Biografico e Bibliografico, Seguito dalla Traduzione del “De Fractura Calvae sive Cranei”. Bologna: L. Cappelli.
Zurück zum Zitat Rees, A. (1819). The cycoplaedia or, universal dictionary of arts, sciences and literature (Vol. 6). London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown.CrossRef Rees, A. (1819). The cycoplaedia or, universal dictionary of arts, sciences and literature (Vol. 6). London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme and Brown.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Retief, F., & Cilliers, L. P. (2006). Diseases and causes of death among the Popes. Acta Theologica, 26, 233–246. Retief, F., & Cilliers, L. P. (2006). Diseases and causes of death among the Popes. Acta Theologica, 26, 233–246.
Zurück zum Zitat Reverón, R. R. (2011). Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), founder of microanatomy. International Journal of Morphology, 29, 399–402.CrossRef Reverón, R. R. (2011). Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694), founder of microanatomy. International Journal of Morphology, 29, 399–402.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rumsey, T. R. (1981). Men and women of the renaissance and reformation, 1300–1600. New York/London: Longman Publishing Group. Rumsey, T. R. (1981). Men and women of the renaissance and reformation, 1300–1600. New York/London: Longman Publishing Group.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarton, G. (1927–1948). Introduction to the history of science, Vol. 2. Baltimore: Williams&Wilkins. Sarton, G. (1927–1948). Introduction to the history of science, Vol. 2. Baltimore: Williams&Wilkins.
Zurück zum Zitat Schedel, H. & Schmauch, W.W. (1947/2010). First English edition of the Nuremberg chronicle; being the Liber chronicarum of Dr. Hartmann Schedel, A. D. 1493. Translated from the First German Edition by Walter W. Schmauch of Chicago with Text Annotations and Woodcut Elucidations in Six Volumes. Madison: University of Wisconsin Digital Collections Center. Schedel, H. & Schmauch, W.W. (1947/2010). First English edition of the Nuremberg chronicle; being the Liber chronicarum of Dr. Hartmann Schedel, A. D. 1493. Translated from the First German Edition by Walter W. Schmauch of Chicago with Text Annotations and Woodcut Elucidations in Six Volumes. Madison: University of Wisconsin Digital Collections Center.
Zurück zum Zitat Stensvold, A. (2015). A history of pregnancy in Christianity: From original sin to contemporary abortion debates. New York/Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRef Stensvold, A. (2015). A history of pregnancy in Christianity: From original sin to contemporary abortion debates. New York/Abingdon: Routledge.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Summerfield, C., & Devine, M. E. (1998). International dictionary of university histories. Abingdon/New York: Routledge. Summerfield, C., & Devine, M. E. (1998). International dictionary of university histories. Abingdon/New York: Routledge.
Zurück zum Zitat Sutherland, N. M. (2002). Henry IV of France and the Politics of Religion: 1572–1596: The Path to Rome (Vol. 2). Bristol/Portland: Elm Bank. Sutherland, N. M. (2002). Henry IV of France and the Politics of Religion: 1572–1596: The Path to Rome (Vol. 2). Bristol/Portland: Elm Bank.
Zurück zum Zitat Taylor, C. (2005). Heresy in medieval France: Dualism in Aquitaine and the Agenais 1000–1249. Woodbridge/Rochester: The Boydell Press. Taylor, C. (2005). Heresy in medieval France: Dualism in Aquitaine and the Agenais 1000–1249. Woodbridge/Rochester: The Boydell Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Thiene, G. (1997). The discovery of circulation and the origin of modern medicine during the Italian Renaissance. Cardiovascular Pathology, 6, 79–88.CrossRefPubMed Thiene, G. (1997). The discovery of circulation and the origin of modern medicine during the Italian Renaissance. Cardiovascular Pathology, 6, 79–88.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Tubbs, R. S., Loukas, M., Shoja, M. M., Apaydin, N., Ardalan, M. R., Shokouhi, G., et al. (2008). Costanzo Varolio (Constantius Varolius 1543–1575) and the Pons Varolli. Neurosurgery, 62, 734–737.CrossRefPubMed Tubbs, R. S., Loukas, M., Shoja, M. M., Apaydin, N., Ardalan, M. R., Shokouhi, G., et al. (2008). Costanzo Varolio (Constantius Varolius 1543–1575) and the Pons Varolli. Neurosurgery, 62, 734–737.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Vergani, F., Morris, C. M., Mitchell, P., & Duffau, H. (2012). Raymond de Vieussens and his contribution to the study of white matter anatomy: Historical vignette. Journal of Neurosurgery, 117, 1070–1075.CrossRefPubMed Vergani, F., Morris, C. M., Mitchell, P., & Duffau, H. (2012). Raymond de Vieussens and his contribution to the study of white matter anatomy: Historical vignette. Journal of Neurosurgery, 117, 1070–1075.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Veterinary History Society. (2003). Veterinary history, Vol. 12–13. New York: Cornell University Press. Veterinary History Society. (2003). Veterinary history, Vol. 12–13. New York: Cornell University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Wallis, F. (2010). Medieval medicine: A reader. Toronto/Plymouth: University of Toronto Press. Wallis, F. (2010). Medieval medicine: A reader. Toronto/Plymouth: University of Toronto Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Walsh, J. J. (1915). The Popes and science: The history of the papal relations to science during the middle ages and down to our own time. New York: Fordham University Press. Walsh, J. J. (1915). The Popes and science: The history of the papal relations to science during the middle ages and down to our own time. New York: Fordham University Press.
Zurück zum Zitat Watters, D. A. (2013). Guy de Chauliac: Pre-eminent surgeon of the middle ages. ANZ Journal of Surgery, 83, 730–734.CrossRefPubMed Watters, D. A. (2013). Guy de Chauliac: Pre-eminent surgeon of the middle ages. ANZ Journal of Surgery, 83, 730–734.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Webb, M. (2012). The lived experience of the black death. The Spectrum: A Scholars Day Journal, 1, 1–12. Webb, M. (2012). The lived experience of the black death. The Spectrum: A Scholars Day Journal, 1, 1–12.
Zurück zum Zitat Weisz, G. M. (1997). The papal contribution to the development of modern medicine. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, 67, 472–475.CrossRefPubMed Weisz, G. M. (1997). The papal contribution to the development of modern medicine. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Surgery, 67, 472–475.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat White, F. A. (2009). Physical signs in medicine and surgery: An atlas of rare, lost and forgotten physical signs. Bloomington: Xlibris Corporation LLC. White, F. A. (2009). Physical signs in medicine and surgery: An atlas of rare, lost and forgotten physical signs. Bloomington: Xlibris Corporation LLC.
Zurück zum Zitat Williams, S. J. (2003). The secret of secrets: The scholarly career of a pseudo-aristotelian text in the Latin middle ages. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRef Williams, S. J. (2003). The secret of secrets: The scholarly career of a pseudo-aristotelian text in the Latin middle ages. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wolf, J. B. (1972). Louis XIV: A profile. London/Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press.CrossRef Wolf, J. B. (1972). Louis XIV: A profile. London/Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
The Anatomy of Papal Tiara: A Story About Popes’ Contribution and Protection of Anatomists
verfasst von
Andrei Ionut Cucu
Claudia Florida Costea
Antonio Perciaccante
Serban Turliuc
Manuela Ciocoiu
Mihaela Dana Turliuc
Publikationsdatum
12.02.2019
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Religion and Health / Ausgabe 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0022-4197
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-6571
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00772-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 4/2019

Journal of Religion and Health 4/2019 Zur Ausgabe