Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Family Violence 2/2017

15.09.2016 | Original Article

The Association between Maternal Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Spanish Children and Adolescents

verfasst von: Concepción López-Soler, Mavi Alcántara-López, Maravillas Castro, Julio Sánchez-Meca, Visitación Fernández

Erschienen in: Journal of Family Violence | Ausgabe 2/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

This correlational cross-sectional study was designed to investigate whether the intimate partner violence (IPV) suffered by mothers (physical and psychological maltreatment), the neglect suffered by children, and the maltreatment (physical and psychological) directly suffered by children are statistically associated with an increase in the probability of the child’s suffering psychopathological problems. The sample consisted of 189 Spanish children aged 6 to 17 and their mothers, recruited from Centers of Specialized Assistance for Women Victims of IPV. The results of a canonical correlation analysis showed that the most significant problems suffered by the children were both externalizing and internalizing ones. In girls, the maltreatment suffered by their mothers was directly related to a larger frequency of somatic complaints than in boys. In addition, physical maltreatment to the mother and emotional maltreatment suffered by the child exhibited a statistically significant relationship with aggressive behaviour, thought problems, rule-breaking behaviour, attention problems, and withdrawn-depressed.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Achenbach, T. M. (1991a). Manual for the child behavior checklist and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont. Achenbach, T. M. (1991a). Manual for the child behavior checklist and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont.
Zurück zum Zitat Achenbach, T. M. (1991b). Manual for the youth self report and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont. Achenbach, T. M. (1991b). Manual for the youth self report and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont.
Zurück zum Zitat Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. Burlington, VT: Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont. Achenbach, T. M., & Rescorla, L. A. (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. Burlington, VT: Research Center for Children, Youth, and Families, University of Vermont.
Zurück zum Zitat Alcántara, M. V., López-Soler, C., Castro, M., & López, J. J. (2013). Alteraciones psicológicas en menores expuestos a violencia de género: Prevalencia y diferencias de género y edad. Anales de Psicología, 29, 741–747. Alcántara, M. V., López-Soler, C., Castro, M., & López, J. J. (2013). Alteraciones psicológicas en menores expuestos a violencia de género: Prevalencia y diferencias de género y edad. Anales de Psicología, 29, 741–747.
Zurück zum Zitat American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA. American Psychiatric Association (APA) (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC: APA.
Zurück zum Zitat Arruda da Silva, P., da Costa Kerber N., P., Costa Santos S., S., de Oliveira A. M., N., da Silva M. R., S., & G., d. S. L. (2012). A violência contra a mulher no âmbito familiar: estudo teórico sobre a questão de gênero. [Violence against women in the family: theoretical study on the gender issue]. Enfermería Global, 11(26), 251–258.CrossRef Arruda da Silva, P., da Costa Kerber N., P., Costa Santos S., S., de Oliveira A. M., N., da Silva M. R., S., & G., d. S. L. (2012). A violência contra a mulher no âmbito familiar: estudo teórico sobre a questão de gênero. [Violence against women in the family: theoretical study on the gender issue]. Enfermería Global, 11(26), 251–258.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bayarri, E., Expeleta, L., & Granero, R. (2011). Exposure to intimate partner violence, psychopathology, and functional impairment in children and adolescents: Moderator effects of sex and age. Journal of Family Violence, 26, 535–543.CrossRef Bayarri, E., Expeleta, L., & Granero, R. (2011). Exposure to intimate partner violence, psychopathology, and functional impairment in children and adolescents: Moderator effects of sex and age. Journal of Family Violence, 26, 535–543.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bourassa, C. (2007). Co-ocurrence of interparental violence and child physical abuse and it’s effect on the adolescent’s behavior. Journal of Family Violence, 22, 691–701.CrossRef Bourassa, C. (2007). Co-ocurrence of interparental violence and child physical abuse and it’s effect on the adolescent’s behavior. Journal of Family Violence, 22, 691–701.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Campbell, K. A., Thomas, A. M., Cook, L. J., & Keenan, H. T. (2013). Resolution of intimate partner violence and child behavior problems after investigation for suspected child maltreatment. Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics, 167, 236–242.PubMedPubMedCentral Campbell, K. A., Thomas, A. M., Cook, L. J., & Keenan, H. T. (2013). Resolution of intimate partner violence and child behavior problems after investigation for suspected child maltreatment. Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics, 167, 236–242.PubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Carlson, B. E. (1991). Outcomes of physical abuse and observation of marital violence among adolescents in placement. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 68(4), 526–534.CrossRef Carlson, B. E. (1991). Outcomes of physical abuse and observation of marital violence among adolescents in placement. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 68(4), 526–534.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Duarte, V. A. (2007). Sintomatologia de pós-stress traumático em menores expostos a violência interparental. [Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in children exposed to violence interparental]. Dissertação, Faculdade de Psicologiae (Universidade do Porto). Duarte, V. A. (2007). Sintomatologia de pós-stress traumático em menores expostos a violência interparental. [Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in children exposed to violence interparental]. Dissertação, Faculdade de Psicologiae (Universidade do Porto).
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst, A. A., & Weiss, S. J. (2002). Intimate partner violence from the emergency medicine perspective. Women & Health, 35(2–3), 71–81.CrossRef Ernst, A. A., & Weiss, S. J. (2002). Intimate partner violence from the emergency medicine perspective. Women & Health, 35(2–3), 71–81.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ezpeleta, L., de la Osa, N., Júdez, J., Doménech, J. M., Navarro, J. B., & Losilla, J. M. (1997). Diagnostic agreement between clinician and the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents- DICA-R in a Spanish outpatient sample. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 431–440.CrossRefPubMed Ezpeleta, L., de la Osa, N., Júdez, J., Doménech, J. M., Navarro, J. B., & Losilla, J. M. (1997). Diagnostic agreement between clinician and the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents- DICA-R in a Spanish outpatient sample. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 431–440.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Foley, K. P. (2007). Children exposed to intimate partner violence: Exploring factors that promote resiliency. Department of Psychology, Morgantown, West Virginia: Doctoral Thesis. Foley, K. P. (2007). Children exposed to intimate partner violence: Exploring factors that promote resiliency. Department of Psychology, Morgantown, West Virginia: Doctoral Thesis.
Zurück zum Zitat FRA – European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2014). Violence against women: An EU-wide survey. Rain results. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2014. FRA – European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (2014). Violence against women: An EU-wide survey. Rain results. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2014.
Zurück zum Zitat Fundación Mujeres y Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (2011). [Impact of exposure to intimate partner violence on children: Andalucia research]. Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer, Consejería para la Igualdad y Bienestar Social, Junta de Andalucía (Spain). Fundación Mujeres y Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (2011). [Impact of exposure to intimate partner violence on children: Andalucia research]. Instituto Andaluz de la Mujer, Consejería para la Igualdad y Bienestar Social, Junta de Andalucía (Spain).
Zurück zum Zitat Graham-Bermann, S. A., De Voe, E. R., Mattis, J. S., Lynch, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2006). Ecological predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in caucasian and ethnic minority children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 12, 662–692.CrossRef Graham-Bermann, S. A., De Voe, E. R., Mattis, J. S., Lynch, S., & Thomas, S. A. (2006). Ecological predictors of traumatic stress symptoms in caucasian and ethnic minority children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 12, 662–692.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Graham-Bermann, S. A., Gruber, G., Howell, K. H., & Girz, L. (2009). Factors discriminating among profiles of resilience and psychopathology in children exposed to intimate partner violence. Child Abuse and Neglect, 33, 648–660.CrossRefPubMed Graham-Bermann, S. A., Gruber, G., Howell, K. H., & Girz, L. (2009). Factors discriminating among profiles of resilience and psychopathology in children exposed to intimate partner violence. Child Abuse and Neglect, 33, 648–660.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Grych, J. H., Jouriles, E. N., Swank, P. R., McDonald, R., & Norwood, W. (2000). Patterns of adjustment among children of battered women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 84–94.CrossRefPubMed Grych, J. H., Jouriles, E. N., Swank, P. R., McDonald, R., & Norwood, W. (2000). Patterns of adjustment among children of battered women. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 84–94.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Harding, H. G., Morelen, D., Thomassin, K., Bradbury, L., & Shaffer, A. (2013). Exposure to maternal- and paternal-perpetrated intimate partner violence, emotion regulation, and child outcomes. Journal of Family Violence, 28, 63–72.CrossRef Harding, H. G., Morelen, D., Thomassin, K., Bradbury, L., & Shaffer, A. (2013). Exposure to maternal- and paternal-perpetrated intimate partner violence, emotion regulation, and child outcomes. Journal of Family Violence, 28, 63–72.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hazen, A. L., Connelly, C. D., Kelleher, K. J., Barth, R. P., & Landsverk, J. A. (2006). Female caregivers’ experiences with intimate partner violence and behaviour problems in children investigated as victims of maltreatment. Pediatrics, 117, 99–109.CrossRefPubMed Hazen, A. L., Connelly, C. D., Kelleher, K. J., Barth, R. P., & Landsverk, J. A. (2006). Female caregivers’ experiences with intimate partner violence and behaviour problems in children investigated as victims of maltreatment. Pediatrics, 117, 99–109.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Jaffe, S. R., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., & Arsenault, L. (2002). Influence of adult domestic violence on children’s internalizing and externalizing problems: An environmentally informative twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 1095–1103.CrossRef Jaffe, S. R., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Taylor, A., & Arsenault, L. (2002). Influence of adult domestic violence on children’s internalizing and externalizing problems: An environmentally informative twin study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 41, 1095–1103.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Jouriles, E. N., & Norwood, W. D. (1995). Physical aggression toward boys and girls infamilies characterized by the battering of women. Journal of Family Psychology, 9(1), 69–78.CrossRef Jouriles, E. N., & Norwood, W. D. (1995). Physical aggression toward boys and girls infamilies characterized by the battering of women. Journal of Family Psychology, 9(1), 69–78.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kernic, M. A., Wolf, M. E., Holt, V. L., McKnight, B., Huebner, C. E., & Rivara, F. P. (2003). Behavioral problems among children whose mothers are abused by an intimate partner. Child Abuse and Neglect, 27, 1231–1246.CrossRefPubMed Kernic, M. A., Wolf, M. E., Holt, V. L., McKnight, B., Huebner, C. E., & Rivara, F. P. (2003). Behavioral problems among children whose mothers are abused by an intimate partner. Child Abuse and Neglect, 27, 1231–1246.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R., & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child witnesses to domestic violence: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 339–352.CrossRefPubMed Kitzmann, K. M., Gaylord, N. K., Holt, A. R., & Kenny, E. D. (2003). Child witnesses to domestic violence: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 339–352.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Lemmey, D., McFarlane, J., Willson, P., & Malecha, A. (2001). Intimate partner violence. Mothers’ perspectives of effects on children. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing, 26, 98–103.CrossRefPubMed Lemmey, D., McFarlane, J., Willson, P., & Malecha, A. (2001). Intimate partner violence. Mothers’ perspectives of effects on children. The American Journal of Maternal Child Nursing, 26, 98–103.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Levendosky, A. A., Huth-Bocks, A. C., Semel, M. A., & Shapiro, D. L. (2002). Trauma symptoms in preschool-age children exposed to domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17(2), 150–164.CrossRef Levendosky, A. A., Huth-Bocks, A. C., Semel, M. A., & Shapiro, D. L. (2002). Trauma symptoms in preschool-age children exposed to domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 17(2), 150–164.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Levendosky, A. A., Bogat, G. A., & Martínez-Torteya, C. (2013). PTSD symptoms in young children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 19, 187–201.CrossRefPubMed Levendosky, A. A., Bogat, G. A., & Martínez-Torteya, C. (2013). PTSD symptoms in young children exposed to intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 19, 187–201.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Matud, M. P. (1998). [Research of stress impact on the health in women from the Canary Islands]. Tenerife: Instituto Canario de la Mujer (Spain). (cited in Matud, Carballeira, & Marrero, 2003, p. 9.) Matud, M. P. (1998). [Research of stress impact on the health in women from the Canary Islands]. Tenerife: Instituto Canario de la Mujer (Spain). (cited in Matud, Carballeira, & Marrero, 2003, p. 9.)
Zurück zum Zitat Matud, M. P., Carballeira, M., & Marrero, R. J. (2003). Validation of an evaluation inventory of intimate partner violence in woman: the APCM. Psicopatología Clínica, Legal y Forense, 1, 5–17. Matud, M. P., Carballeira, M., & Marrero, R. J. (2003). Validation of an evaluation inventory of intimate partner violence in woman: the APCM. Psicopatología Clínica, Legal y Forense, 1, 5–17.
Zurück zum Zitat Maxwell, C., & Maxwell, S. (2003). Experiencing and witnessing familial aggression and their relationship to physical aggressive behaviors among Filipino adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(12), 1432–1451.CrossRefPubMed Maxwell, C., & Maxwell, S. (2003). Experiencing and witnessing familial aggression and their relationship to physical aggressive behaviors among Filipino adolescents. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(12), 1432–1451.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat McFarlane, J., Groff, J., O’Brien, A., & Watson, K. (2003). Behaviors of children who are exposed and not exposed to intimate partner violence: An analysis of 330 black, white and Hispanic Children. Pediatrics, 112, e202–e207.CrossRefPubMed McFarlane, J., Groff, J., O’Brien, A., & Watson, K. (2003). Behaviors of children who are exposed and not exposed to intimate partner violence: An analysis of 330 black, white and Hispanic Children. Pediatrics, 112, e202–e207.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Miranda, J. K., de la Osa, N., Granero, R., & Ezpeleta, L. (2013). Maternal childhood abuse, intimate partner violence, and child psychopathology: The mediator role of mother’s mental health. Violence Against Women, 19, 50–68.CrossRefPubMed Miranda, J. K., de la Osa, N., Granero, R., & Ezpeleta, L. (2013). Maternal childhood abuse, intimate partner violence, and child psychopathology: The mediator role of mother’s mental health. Violence Against Women, 19, 50–68.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S, Steinberg, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16, 361–388. Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S, Steinberg, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R (2007). The role of the family context in the development of emotion regulation. Social Development, 16, 361–388.
Zurück zum Zitat Olaya, B. (2009). Children exposed to domestic violence: Assessment and psychopathology. Autonomous University of Barcelona (Spain): Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Olaya, B. (2009). Children exposed to domestic violence: Assessment and psychopathology. Autonomous University of Barcelona (Spain): Unpublished Doctoral Thesis.
Zurück zum Zitat Olaya, B., Ezpeleta, L., de la Osa, N., Granero, R., & Doménech, J. M. (2010). Mental health needs of children exposed to intimate partner violence seeking help from mental health services. Children and Youth Services Review, 32, 1004–1011.CrossRef Olaya, B., Ezpeleta, L., de la Osa, N., Granero, R., & Doménech, J. M. (2010). Mental health needs of children exposed to intimate partner violence seeking help from mental health services. Children and Youth Services Review, 32, 1004–1011.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Oliván Gonzalvo, G. (2004). Adopted children in other countries: adaptation to the new environment. Facultad de Periodismo Especializado (Spain): Universidad Internacional de Cataluña. Oliván Gonzalvo, G. (2004). Adopted children in other countries: adaptation to the new environment. Facultad de Periodismo Especializado (Spain): Universidad Internacional de Cataluña.
Zurück zum Zitat Owen, A. E., Thompson, M. P., Shaffer, A., Jackson, E. B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2009). Family variables that mediate the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and child adjustment. Journal of Family Violence, 24, 433–445.CrossRef Owen, A. E., Thompson, M. P., Shaffer, A., Jackson, E. B., & Kaslow, N. J. (2009). Family variables that mediate the relation between intimate partner violence (IPV) and child adjustment. Journal of Family Violence, 24, 433–445.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Porter, B., & O’Leary, R. E. (1980). Marital discord and childhood behavioral problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 8, 287–295.CrossRefPubMed Porter, B., & O’Leary, R. E. (1980). Marital discord and childhood behavioral problems. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 8, 287–295.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Reich, W. (2000). Diagnostic interview for children and adolescents (DICA). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 59–66.CrossRefPubMed Reich, W. (2000). Diagnostic interview for children and adolescents (DICA). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 59–66.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Renner, L. M., & Boel-Studt, S. (2013). The relation between intimate partner violence, parenting stress, and child behaviour problems. Journal of Family Violence, 28, 201–212.CrossRef Renner, L. M., & Boel-Studt, S. (2013). The relation between intimate partner violence, parenting stress, and child behaviour problems. Journal of Family Violence, 28, 201–212.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Saltzman, K. M., Holden, G. W., & Holahan, C. J. (2005). The psychobiology of children exposed to marital violence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 129–139.CrossRefPubMed Saltzman, K. M., Holden, G. W., & Holahan, C. J. (2005). The psychobiology of children exposed to marital violence. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 34, 129–139.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Schmid, M., Goldbeck, L., Nuetzel, J., & Fegert, J. M. (2008). Prevalence of mental disorders among adolescents in German youth welfare institutions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2, 1–8.CrossRef Schmid, M., Goldbeck, L., Nuetzel, J., & Fegert, J. M. (2008). Prevalence of mental disorders among adolescents in German youth welfare institutions. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 2, 1–8.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sherry, A., & Henson, R. K. (2005). Conducting and interpreting canonical correlation analysis in personality research: A user-friendly primer. Journal of Personality Assessment, 84, 37–48.CrossRefPubMed Sherry, A., & Henson, R. K. (2005). Conducting and interpreting canonical correlation analysis in personality research: A user-friendly primer. Journal of Personality Assessment, 84, 37–48.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Spaccarelli, S., Sandler, I. N., & Roosa, M. (1994). History of spousal violence against mother: Correlated risks and unique effects in child mental health. Journal of Family Violence, 9, 79–98.CrossRef Spaccarelli, S., Sandler, I. N., & Roosa, M. (1994). History of spousal violence against mother: Correlated risks and unique effects in child mental health. Journal of Family Violence, 9, 79–98.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Spanish Act for Protective Measures against Gender Violence (2004). [Organic Law 1/2004 of 28 December on Integrated Protection Measures against Gender Violence]. Boletín Oficial del Estado, Número 313, del 29 de Diciembre. Spanish Act for Protective Measures against Gender Violence (2004). [Organic Law 1/2004 of 28 December on Integrated Protection Measures against Gender Violence]. Boletín Oficial del Estado, Número 313, del 29 de Diciembre.
Zurück zum Zitat State Observatory on Violence against Women (2011). Macro-survey of Gender Violence 2011. Key results (8 February 2012). Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e igualdad. State Observatory on Violence against Women (2011). Macro-survey of Gender Violence 2011. Key results (8 February 2012). Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e igualdad.
Zurück zum Zitat Sternberg, K., Lamb, M., Greenbaum, C., Cicchetti, D., Dawud-Noursi, S., Cortes, R., & Lorey, F. (1993). Effects of domestic violence on children’s behavior problems and depression. Developmental Psychology, 29, 44–52.CrossRef Sternberg, K., Lamb, M., Greenbaum, C., Cicchetti, D., Dawud-Noursi, S., Cortes, R., & Lorey, F. (1993). Effects of domestic violence on children’s behavior problems and depression. Developmental Psychology, 29, 44–52.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sternberg, K. J., Baradaran, L. P., Abbot, C. B., Lamb, M. E., & Guterman, E. (2006). Type of violence, age, and gender differences in the effects of family violence on children’s behavior problems: A mega-analysis. Developmental Review, 26(1), 89–112. Sternberg, K. J., Baradaran, L. P., Abbot, C. B., Lamb, M. E., & Guterman, E. (2006). Type of violence, age, and gender differences in the effects of family violence on children’s behavior problems: A mega-analysis. Developmental Review, 26(1), 89–112.
Zurück zum Zitat Straus, M. A., Hamby, S., Boney-McCoy, S., & Sugarman, D. (1996). The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2): Development and preliminary psychometric data. Journal of Family Issues, 17, 283–316.CrossRef Straus, M. A., Hamby, S., Boney-McCoy, S., & Sugarman, D. (1996). The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS2): Development and preliminary psychometric data. Journal of Family Issues, 17, 283–316.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Von Steen, P. (1997). Adults with witnessing histories: The overlooked victims of domestic violence. Psychotherapy, 34, 478–484.CrossRef Von Steen, P. (1997). Adults with witnessing histories: The overlooked victims of domestic violence. Psychotherapy, 34, 478–484.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, L. E. (1979). The battered woman. New York: Harper & Row. Walker, L. E. (1979). The battered woman. New York: Harper & Row.
Zurück zum Zitat Walker, L. E. (1984). The battered woman syndrome. New York: Springer. Walker, L. E. (1984). The battered woman syndrome. New York: Springer.
Zurück zum Zitat Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C. V., Lee, V., McIntyre-Smith, S., & Jaffe, P. G. (2003). The effects of children’s exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 171–187.CrossRefPubMed Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C. V., Lee, V., McIntyre-Smith, S., & Jaffe, P. G. (2003). The effects of children’s exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6, 171–187.CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
The Association between Maternal Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Spanish Children and Adolescents
verfasst von
Concepción López-Soler
Mavi Alcántara-López
Maravillas Castro
Julio Sánchez-Meca
Visitación Fernández
Publikationsdatum
15.09.2016
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Family Violence / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 0885-7482
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-2851
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-016-9864-5

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2017

Journal of Family Violence 2/2017 Zur Ausgabe

Update Psychiatrie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.