Background
Methods
Study population
Anthropometry
Biochemistry
Diagnostic IR-tests
Statistical analysis
Results
Anthropometry
Variable | Unit | ANOVA (F-test) | Baseline Mean (SD) | Two months Mean (SD) | Five months Mean (SD) |
p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometry
| ||||||
Weight
|
kg
|
F(2,56) = 39.51
|
56.83 (10.66)
|
59.76 (11.65)
|
61.37 (11.26)
|
<0.001
|
BMI
|
kg/m
2
|
F(2,56) = 39.34
|
19.65 (2.62)
|
20.66 (2.93)
|
21.21 (2.68)
|
<0.001
|
Waist circumference
|
cm
|
F(2,56) = 38.44
|
70.38 (8.84)
|
72.95 (9.32)
|
75.40 (9.18)
|
<0.001
|
Waist:hip ratio
|
-
|
F(2,56) = 36.29
|
0.83 (0.08)
|
0.85 (0.09)
|
0.88 (0.09)
|
<0.001
|
Biceps skinfold | mm | F(2,56) = 1.81 | 3.16 (1.45) | 3.36 (1.96) | 3.49 (2.02) | 0.174 |
Triceps skinfold
|
mm
|
F(2,56) = 10.05
|
7.01 (4.05)
|
7.49 (4.29)
|
8.13 (4.63)
|
<0.001
|
Subscapular skinfold
|
mm
|
F(2,56) = 10.22
|
7.77 (2.85)
|
8.26 (2.69)
|
8.79 (3.35)
|
<0.001
|
Suprailiac skinfold
|
mm
|
F(2,56) = 6.81
|
6.10 (4.61)
|
7.32 (5.50)
|
7.57 (5.11)
|
0.002
|
Sum of skinfolds
|
mm
|
F(2,56) = 8.64
|
24.03 (11.79)
|
26.43 (13.47)
|
27.99 (14.18)
|
<0.001
|
Fat mass
|
kg
|
F(2,56) = 17.63
|
7.22 (4.34)
|
8.38 (4.39)
|
8.73 (4.50)
|
<0.001
|
Fat free mass
|
kg
|
F(2,56) = 38.11
|
49.61 (9.56)
|
51.38 (10.13)
|
52.63 (10.23)
|
<0.001
|
Percentage body fat
|
%
|
F(2,56) = 10.89
|
12.58 (6.53)
|
13.85 (5.96)
|
14.19 (6.31)
|
<0.001
|
Biochemistry
| ||||||
Albumin
|
g/L
|
F(2,56) = 15.36
|
39.97 (4.06)
|
42.55 (3.90)
|
43.41 (3.77)
|
<0.001
|
Fasting glucose | mmol/L | F(2,56) = 2.11 | 4.78 (0.61) | 4.83 (0.58) | 4.57 (0.50) | 0.131 |
CRP
|
mmol/L
|
F(2,56) = 21.63
|
56.72 (50.83)
|
27.54 (32.11)
|
12.48 (15.07)
|
<0.001
|
Fasting insulin | mU/l | F(2,56) = 1.16 | 14.62 (25.98) | 11.91 (15.81) | 8.99 (6.77) | 0.320 |
Total cholesterol
|
mg/L
|
F(2,56) = 10.43
|
3.55 (0.95)
|
4.20 (1.06)
|
3.94 (0.84)
|
<0.001
|
Triglycerides | mmol/L | F(2,56) = 0.85 | 0.85 (0.30) | 0.93 (0.38) | 0.89 (0.38) | 0.432 |
HDL-cholesterol
|
mmol/L
|
F(2,56) = 14.50
|
0.99 (0.30)
|
1.30 (0.46)
|
1.31 (0.38)
|
<0.001
|
LDL-cholesterol
|
mmol/L
|
F(2,56) = 4.97
|
2.17 (0.75)
|
2.48 (0.87)
|
2.22 (0.70)
|
0.010
|
White cell count
|
10ˆ9/L
|
F(2,56) = 16.30
|
8.74 (4.18)
|
6.98 (2.91)
|
5.92 (2.01)
|
<0.001
|
Biochemistry
Insulin resistance
Insulin resistant vs. non-insulin resistant groups
Variable (Baseline) | Unit | Non-IR Group (n = 44) Mean (SD) | IR Group (n = 15) Mean (SD) |
p-value* |
---|---|---|---|---|
Continuous variables
| ||||
Age
|
years
|
35.43 (12.02)
|
29.60 (11.29)
|
0.04
|
Systolic blood pressure | mmHg | 119.23 (17.78) | 125.13 (11.57) | 0.13 |
Diastolic blood pressure | mmHg | 75.45 (12.46) | 79.93 (10.42) | 0.05 |
Albumin | g/L | 38.75 (4.58) | 41.00 (3.16) | 0.17 |
Fasting glucose | mmol/L | 4.71 (0.69) | 5.13 (1.02) | 0.16 |
CRP | mmol/L | 64.10 (53.82) | 48.91 (41.01) | 0.51 |
Fasting insulin
|
mU/l
|
5.63 (2.43)
|
28.20 (33.21)
|
<0.01
|
Total cholesterol | mg/L | 3.39 (0.87) | 3.71 (0.95) | 0.30 |
Triglycerides | mmol/L | 0.88 (0.35) | 0.95 (0.27) | 0.38 |
HDL-cholesterol | mmol/L | 0.99 (0.33) | 0.93 (0.26) | 0.56 |
LDL-cholesterol | mmol/L | 1.98 (0.65) | 2.35 (0.80) | 0.24 |
White cell count | 10ˆ9/l | 8.79 (3.68) | 8.99 (3.30) | 0.68 |
HOMA-IR
|
-
|
1.18 (0.54)
|
7.22 (10.32)
|
<0.01
|
QUICKI
|
-
|
0.39 (0.04)
|
0.31 (0.03)
|
<0.01
|
Categorical variables
| ||||
Groups assessed
|
p
-value***
| |||
Gender | IR vs. non-IR | 0.877 | ||
Age groups** | IR vs. non-IR | 0.210 | ||
Race | IR vs. non-IR | 0.816 | ||
BMI classification | IR vs. non-IR | 0.217 | ||
Waist circumference classification | IR vs. non-IR | 0.122 |